Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment

Description

This book is about the roles and importance of Ultraviolet (UV) light from sun and from man-made UV lamps in our daily life, on health and diseases, also its application in sterilization and treatment. The key words are: reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, UV mutagenicity, skin cancers, polymorphous light eruption, Xeroderma pigmentosum, vitiligo, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, dermatology, photobiology, photodermatosis, vitamin D synthesis, vitamin D efficiency, water sterilization, blood sterilization, phototherapies, skin tanning and UV dosimeter. The book starts with introduction to UV light and the history of development of UV lamps and its applications. It then moves to describing the interaction of this light with biological components and the production of reactive oxygen species, their roles in cell signaling, cellular defense from foreign invaders, in mutagenesis leading to skin diseases including vitiligo, polymorphous light eruption and various forms of skin cancer. Then it presents the synthesis and importance of UV light and diseases, induced due to the deficiency of vitamin D. Roles of UV light in sterilization, disinfection, phototherapies are depicted in the next part and finally use and abuse of UV light in tanning salon and the availability and importance of use of UV dosimeter are highlighted. The three main focuses of this book are: - Damage to biological systems by UV light leading to certain skin diseases; most importantly skin cancers. - Importance of UV light in the in vivo synthesis of vitamin D when human bodies are exposed to it. - Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D and the use of UV lamps in phototherapy and sterilization processes. The editor has considerable experience in publishing medical books and has used it critically selecting the matters which will attract the readers from many areas of medical and non-medical fields. It is hoped that the materials presented in this book will give great benefit and will stimulate both novice and expert researchers in the field. The book gives excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to the future research achievements. Clinicians, medical general practitioners, technicians and staff working in UV related industries and especially those working in tanning salon should benefit from the information presented in safe handling of this light. Front Matter ....Pages i-xxiv Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 History of UV Lamps, Types, and Their Applications (Shamim I. Ahmad, Luisa Christensen, Elma Baron)....Pages 3-11 Front Matter ....Pages 13-13 Ultraviolet Light Induced Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (T. L. de Jager, A. E. Cockrell, S. S. Du Plessis)....Pages 15-23 Front Matter ....Pages 25-25 UV-Induced Molecular Signaling Differences in Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancer (Feng Liu-Smith, Jinjing Jia, Yan Zheng)....Pages 27-40 Xeroderma Pigmentosa Group A (XPA), Nucleotide Excision Repair and Regulation by ATR in Response to Ultraviolet Irradiation (Phillip R. Musich, Zhengke Li, Yue Zou)....Pages 41-54 Impact of Ultraviolet Light on Vitiligo (Rasnik K. Singh)....Pages 55-60 Polymorphous Light Eruption (Marcella Guarrera)....Pages 61-70 Ultraviolet Radiations: Skin Defense-Damage Mechanism (Dheeraj Mohania, Shikha Chandel, Parveen Kumar, Vivek Verma, Kumar Digvijay, Deepika Tripathi et al.)....Pages 71-87 Ultraviolet Photobiology in Dermatology (Luisa Christensen, Amanda Suggs, Elma Baron)....Pages 89-104 Ultraviolet A-1 in Dermatological Diseases (Torello M. Lotti, Serena Gianfaldoni)....Pages 105-110 Photodermatoses in the Pigmented Skin (Vinod Kumar Sharma, Kanika Sahni)....Pages 111-122 Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology: A Psychobiological Concept (Katlein França, Torello M. Lotti)....Pages 123-134 Front Matter ....Pages 135-135 Ultraviolet B Radiation: The Vitamin D Connection (Michael F. Holick)....Pages 137-154 Role of Vitamin D in Rheumatoid Arthritis (Mattia Bellan, Pier Paolo Sainaghi, Mario Pirisi)....Pages 155-168 Asthma and Allergy “Epidemic” and the Role of Vitamin D Deficiency (Konstantinos Douros, Barbara Boutopoulou, Sotirios Fouzas, Ioanna Loukou)....Pages 169-183 Vitamin D Metabolism and the Implications for Atherosclerosis (Amanda L. Bennett, Carl J. Lavie)....Pages 185-192 Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Claire Michael Issa)....Pages 193-205 Impact of UV Radiation on Genome Stability and Human Health (Sujit Roy)....Pages 207-219 Vitamin D, Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors (Tea Skaaby, Betina H. Thuesen, Allan Linneberg)....Pages 221-230 Front Matter ....Pages 231-231 Biofilms: Microbial Strategies for Surviving UV Exposure (Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho)....Pages 233-239 UV Induced Mutagenicity in Water: Causes, Detection, Identification and Prevention (Roberta C. H. M. Hofman-Caris)....Pages 241-253 Role of Ultraviolet Disinfection in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections (Sarah Simmons, Charles Dale, James Holt, Katie Velasquez, Mark Stibich)....Pages 255-266 UV Disinfection of Wastewater and Combined Sewer Overflows (John Gibson, Jennifer Drake, Bryan Karney)....Pages 267-275 Front Matter ....Pages 277-277 Phototherapy in Atopic Dermatitis (José María Ortiz-Salvador, Amparo Pérez-Ferriols)....Pages 279-286 Phototherapy of Psoriasis, a Chronic Inflammatory Skin Disease (Emőke Rácz, Errol P. Prens)....Pages 287-294 Ultraviolet Irradiation of Blood: “The Cure That Time Forgot”? (Michael R. Hamblin)....Pages 295-309 From UV Protection to Protection in the Whole Spectral Range of the Solar Radiation: New Aspects of Sunscreen Development (Leonhard Zastrow, Martina C. Meinke, Stephanie Albrecht, Alexa Patzelt, Juergen Lademann)....Pages 311-318 Safety and Efficacy of Phototherapy in the Management of Eczema (Annalisa Patrizi, Beatrice Raone, Giulia Maria Ravaioli)....Pages 319-331 Front Matter ....Pages 333-333 UV Driven Tanning Salons: Danger on Main Street (Jean-François Doré, Marie-Christine Chignol)....Pages 335-346 Front Matter ....Pages 347-347 Dose Quantification in UV Phototherapy (David Robert Grimes)....Pages 349-360 Back Matter ....Pages 361-365