Understanding Mobility as a Service (MaaS): Past, Present and Future

Description

The widespread adoption of smartphones, ridesharing and carsharing have disrupted the transport sector. In cities around the world, new mobility services are both welcomed and challenged by regulators and incumbent operators. Mobility as a Service (MaaS), an ecosystem designed to deliver collaborative and connected mobility services in a society increasingly embracing a sharing culture, is at the center of this disruption. Understanding Mobility as a Service (MaaS): Past, Present and Future examines such topics as: How likely MaaS will be implemented in one digital platform appWhether MaaS will look the same in all countriesThe role multi-modal contract brokers playMobility regulations and pricing modelsMaaS trials, their impacts and consequences Written by the leading thinkers in the field for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers, Understanding Mobility as a Service (MaaS): Past, Present and Future serves as a single source on all the current and evolving developments, debates, and challenges. Cover Front Matter Copyright About the authors Foreword Testimonials 1 Overview Introduction Themes to contemplate Structure of the following chapters 2 What is MaaS and how it fits into the transport landscape Introduction Conceptualising MaaS: Bringing clarity to the proposition Genesis for MaaS: Emerging transport disruptors What could this mean for the transport landscape? Modal displacement: Effect of TNCs and personalised modes Modal convergence: Effect of autonomous technologies Modal efficiency and the rationale for integration How might MaaS vary between different geographic contexts? Improving modal efficiency through MaaS Spatial integration Temporal opportunities Demographic change and the sharing culture: Niche or scalable? Conclusions 3 Global debate and experience with MaaS Introduction Background to mobility as a service What is meant now by mobility as a service? Levels of integration and mobility as a service Beyond the definition—Charting the development of mobility as a service The Finnish experience with MaaS The Swedish experience The UK experience Reflections on the global debate 4 MaaS trials—What have we learnt? Introduction MaaS trials UbiGo, Gothenburg 2013–2014 Whim, Helsinki 2016—Present EC2B, Gothenburg 2019—Present Mobil-flat, Augsburg 2018—Present Tripi, Sydney 2019—Present Lessons learnt Lesson 1: MaaS is more than an app and a subscription plan Lesson 2: MaaS can attract interest, but might not be for everyone Lesson 3: MaaS can influence travel behaviour, but not on its own Lesson 4: MaaS trials are costly, and tricky to build on Lesson 5: MaaS trials can create both direct and indirect returns Avenues for further experimentation and research 5 What do we know about market interest and potential uptake? Introduction Research on MaaS demand: Market surveys and real-world trials Market interest Digital platform (MaaS app) Mix of transport modes offer Population segment and MaaS niche market Willingness to pay and potential uptake Conclusions 6 How might MaaS be best introduced to the market? Introduction How do governments procure transportation? Partnerships in mobility provision Establishing a MaaS broker/aggregator Who takes the lead? Government or private sector A structured ecosystem for delivering MaaS a Free market operation Government-contracted model Business preference for a MaaS mobility model Conclusions 7 Institutional barriers and governance Introduction Institutional framework Institutional barriers to Mobility-as-a-Service Macro-level barriers Meso-level barriers Micro-level barriers Implications for governance Establish a vision and a principal strategy for MaaS, based on policy objectives Addressing barriers 4, 6, 8, 9, and 10 Explore mode-agnostic organisations, missions, and contracts Addressing barriers 1 and 2 Scrap excessive subsidisation of car ownership and use Addressing barriers 3 and 13 Implement more collaborative models for public-private innovation Addressing barriers 5 and 8 Target urban and sub-urban multi-modalists initially Addressing barrier 11 Concluding remarks 8 MaaS and issues impacting on broader transport and societal goals Introduction Smart transition and societal impacts Moving beyond the interest of MaaS providers and users Some big questions currently without clear answers MaaS and potential implications for levels of road congestion MaaS and the future of conventional public transport The multimodal conundrum for MaaS Health Greater government influence in MaaS provision Government’s role in pricing and subsidy Conclusions 9 Future challenges Introduction Revisiting the questions of the global debate Unanswered and unasked questions: Framing the future research directions Final words References Index A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Back Cover