Die Philosophie des Xenokrates im Kontext der Alten Akademie

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This work throws a new light on Xenocrates, the third leader of the Academy, who is considered in the existing research as merely a derivative doctrinaire. This complete presentation of his philosophy encompasses, in addition to cosmology, theology and ontology, for the first time also his doctrine of principles. This is found in the renowned report of Sextus, Adv. Math., X, 248-283, which can be read anew against the background of the philosophy of Xenocrates. The doctrine of monistic principles proffered in the passage from Sextus derives from Xenocrates, who inserts his own precepts in his report on Platos unwritten teachings. Xenocrates' doctrine of principles constitutes the link between the ontological metaphysics of Aristotle and Plato's metaphysics of unity; Xenocrates' absolute monas is both in its essence connected with the nous, and ontologically transcendent. Xenocrates proves himself to be a thinker who is true to Plato and innovative. He is not only the precursor to middle-Platonism, but was also considered amongst the students of the inner circle of the Academy to be the 'rock' upon which Plato was able to establish his teachings and his school. Frontmatter......Page 1 Inhaltsverzeichnis......Page 5 Vorwort......Page 11 Einleitung......Page 15 1. Platon und die Alte Akademie......Page 35 2. Platons Geschichtsbild......Page 65 3. Pythagoras - Zwischen Wissenschaft und Lebensführung......Page 83 4. Philolaos und die „sogenannten Pythagoreer“ des Aristoteles......Page 100 5. Die zwei Pythagoras-Interpretationen der Alten Akademie......Page 118 III. TEIL. THEOLOGIE UND PRINZIPIENLEHRE DES XENOKRATES......Page 141 2. Der Vortrag Πεрὶ τἀγαθοῦ......Page 167 3. Die Prinzipienlehre Platons......Page 186 4. Die Idealzahlenlehre Platons......Page 213 1. Xenokrates und die Alte Akademie......Page 230 2. Die Ontotogie des Xenokrates......Page 247 3. Die Theologie des Xenokrates......Page 269 4. Von der Theologie zur Dialektik......Page 293 5. Die mathematisierte Dialektik des Xenokrates......Page 316 6. Sextus Empiricus (Adv. Math. X §§ 248 - 283)......Page 344 7. Monismus oder Dualismus bei Xenokrates?......Page 377 8. Numenios und Xenokrates......Page 428 Schlussbemerkungen......Page 464 Literaturliste......Page 471 Personenregister......Page 504 Sachregister......Page 512