Global Labour in Distress, Volume I: Globalization, Technology and Labour Resilience

Description

The first volume focuses on globalization, international migration, employment, labour agency, technological change, and labour resilience. This book aims to examine how labour institutions, both in developed and developing countries, have responded to the challenges faced over the last 30 years. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in labour economics, political economy, and development economics. Article Note Preface Acknowledgements Contents Notes on Contributors List of Figures List of Tables The Post-Cold War Era and the Labour Market: An Overview 1 A New Economic Era: From the Post-War Economic Boom to Secular Stagnation? 2 A New Political Framework 3 Difficult Times for Labour Markets 4 Concluding Remarks References Part I: Globalisation and Migration Labour Without Borders 1 Of Walls Fallen and Built: Globalisation and Labour Mobility 2 International Trade Since 1991 3 Labour Mobility in Distress 4 In This Section: Globalisation and Migration References International Migration: A Panel Data Analysis of the Determinants of Bilateral Flows 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Data 4 Empirical Model 5 Empirical Results 6 Additional Results 7 Conclusions Appendix References A unified model of relative deprivation and risk-laden migration 1. Introduction 2. An integrated model of relative deprivation and risk-laden migration 3. Conclusion References High-Skilled Migration: Past, Present and Future 1 Introduction 2 How Do We Define “High-Skilled” Migration? 3 Past: What Do We Know About “High-Skilled” Migration? 4 Present: Improving Our Current Knowledge 5 Future: Big Leaps with Big Data? References From Brain Drain to Brain Circulation: Transnational Communities and Regional Upgrading in India and China 1 Economic Development in an Era of Global Labor Mobility 2 Taiwan: Transferring the Silicon Valley Model 3 Building China’s Venture Capital Industry Sustainable Start-ups 4 Venture Capital and Entrepreneurship in India Growth and Constraint 5 Conclusion A Model for Others? The Future of China and India References International Competition Intensified: Job Satisfaction Sacrificed? 1 Introduction 2 Offshoring and Individual Job Satisfaction: A Theoretical Framework 3 Approaching the Effects of Offshoring on Job Satisfaction Empirically Data Estimation and Results 4 Picking Out the Cherries or (Simply) Statistical Cherry-Picking? 5 Conclusions Appendix References Gender Pay Gaps in Domestic and Foreign-Owned Firms 1 Introduction 2 Firm Ownership and Gender Wage Differentials 3 Data and Descriptive Statistics 4 Gender Wage Gap and Firm Ownership Adjusted Gender Wage Gaps and Firm Ownership Decomposition of the Gender Wage Gap Firm-Specific Effects and Gender Wage Gaps Unconditional Quantile Regression 5 Conclusions Appendix References An International Organization’s Approach to Labour Migration for Human Development References Deglobalization and Labour: A New Era? References Part II: Jobs and Technological Change Technological Change and the Future of Work 1 Nearly 30 Years of Living (and Working) with the Internet 2 Technology and Jobs In This Section: Jobs and Technological Change References The Impact of Differences in the Levels of Technology on International Labor Migration 1 Introduction 2 The World Economy in the Absence of International Factor Movements Production Consumption and Factor Supply A Stationary Equilibrium 3 The Pattern of International Labor Migration International Capital Mobility Is Not Permitted Unrestricted International Capital Mobility 4 Conclusions References Are Workers in the Developing World Winners or Losers in the Current Era of Globalization? 1 Introduction 2 Globalization and Labor: The Pessimists Versus the Optimists 3 Globalization, Level of Economic Development, and Potential Gains (or Losses) for Labor 4 The Evidence Trends in Labor Market Conditions 5 The Model The LDC Labor Models 6 Variables The Dependent Variables: PLP, Ratiosk, and Surplus Labor Globalization: Xmanuf, Portfolio, FDI Control Variables: Democracy, Dependents, Growth, Urban, Human Capital Spending The Results Results for LICs Breakdown of Results for MICs Breakdown of Results for HICs 7 Implications Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Assessing PLP References The Role of Labour in Capability Upgrading: The Case of Emerging Market Multinationals 1 Strategic Asset-Seeking Investments and Emerging Market Multinationals 2 The Key Role of Skilled Labour for Acquiring Knowledge 3 Labour Integration Between EMNEs and Developed Countries’ Subsidiaries Is Not Always an Easy Task 4 Conclusions and Implications for Further Research References Employment Effect of Innovation 1 Introduction 2 Previous Literature 3 Econometric Strategy 4 Data Sources, Sample and Variable Construction Data Sources Sample Construction Data Set 5 Results OLS Estimation GPS Estimation 6 Conclusions, Policy Recommendations and Limitations Appendix References Structural Transformation, Biased Technological Change and Employment in Vietnam 1 Introduction 2 Context and Background Structural Transformation International Comparison Technical Change and the Asian Miracle 3 Employment Growth Decomposition 4 Technological Change and Employment 5 Institutional Biases and Employment Minimum Wage Policy State Investment 6 Conclusions References ‘Helping a Large Number of People Become a Little Less Poor’: The Logic of Survival Entrepreneurs 1 Introduction 2 The Moral Economy of the Slum 3 Differences Among Entrepreneurs: A Revisit of the Literature 4 A Consolidated Typology of Entrepreneurs 5 The Elusive Mirage of Graduation 6 Conclusions: Aligning Entrepreneurs and Policies References The Developmental Potential of Frugal Innovation Among Mobile Money Agents in Kitwe, Zambia 1 Mobile Money, Agents and Entrepreneurship: Some Debates 2 A Background to Mobile Money in Kitwe, Zambia 3 Labour Relations and Entrepreneurship Among Mobile Money Agents and Tellers Agents and Tellers: Background Financing, Business Operations and Market Construction Franchising and Labour Relations 4 Inclusive Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Informalisation 5 Conclusion References List of Interviews Dynamics of Mobile Money Entrepreneurship and Employment in Kitwe, Zambia 1 Introduction 2 Changes in Mobile Money Development and Entrepreneurship in Kitwe 3 Conclusion References Part III: Labour Agency and Resilience Is the Canary Alive and Kicking? Labour’s Voice Under Crises 1 Introduction 2 Collective Voice and Agency 3 Crises and Resilience 4 In This Section: Labour Agency and Resilience References Labour and the State in India: Casualisation as Reform 1 Introduction: Declining Quality and Availability of Jobs 2 Rising Informalisation and Feminisation 3 Losing Labour Law Protection 4 Concluding Remarks References Wages, Employment, and Economic Shocks: Evidence from Indonesia 1 Introduction 2 The Indonesian Context 3 Data Sources IFLS SAKERNAS 4 Indonesian Labor Market Before and During the Economic Crisis Employment Rates Wages Sub-group Differences 5 The Dynamics of the Labor Market Adjustment Market Sector and Self-employed Hourly Earnings Employment Rates and Transitions Family Income 6 Conclusion References Growth and Recession: Underemployment and the Labour Market in the North of England 1 Introduction 2 The North During the Boom 3 The North’s Experience of Recession Austerity and Public Sector Employment 4 Conclusions References The Effect of Grandparental Support on Mothers’ Labour Market Participation: An Instrumental Variable Approach 1 Introduction 2 Data and Variables 3 The Endogeneity of Grandparental Childcare 4 Methods 5 Existing Studies on the Effect of Grandparental Childcare on Mothers’ Labour Supply 6 Results OLS, ITT and 2SLS Estimates of the Effect of Grandparental Childcare on Mothers’ Labour Force Participation IV Assumptions: Tests and Robustness Checks Heterogeneity of the Grandparental Childcare Effect 7 Summary and Concluding Remarks References Youth Labor Market Integration: The Role of Shocks and Institutions 1 Introduction 2 Shocks and Institutions in Youth Labor Markets—European Experiences 3 Policies and Institutions—Developing Countries Experiences 4 Outlook References A Vulnerability Approach to the Definition of the Middle Class 1 Introduction 2 Linking the Notion of Vulnerability to the Definition of Middle Class 3 Measurement of the Middle Class 4 The Data 5 A Vulnerability Approach to Middle-Class Analysis 6 Concluding Remarks Appendix References Trade Unions, Work and Resilience 1 The Resilience Debates 2 The Resilience Landscape 1991–Now 3 Resilience as a Contested Terrain and the Abuse of the Concepts of Wellbeing and Work-Life Balance References Disaster Disparities and Differential Recovery in New Orleans 1 Introduction 2 Social Vulnerability 3 The Social Vulnerability Index for New Orleans 4 Hurricane Katrina’s Flood Waters 5 The Makings of a Disaster and Uneven Recovery 6 Tracking Repopulation and Recovery 7 The Places and Faces of Recovery 8 Governmental Support for Recovery 9 Discussion and Conclusions References Index