Forensic Science: From the Crime Scene to the Crime Lab (4th Edition) (What's New in Criminal Justice)

Description

For introductory courses in criminalistics and forensic science, and courses in crime scene investigation. A straightforward, student-friendly primer on forensics Ideal for nonscientists,  Forensic Science: From the Crime Scene to the Crime Lab  provides a stimulating, accessible introduction to forensic science. The authors focus on the practical applications of forensic technologies, integrating scientific methodology into discussions of forensic applications. A major focus is the role of the crime-scene investigator in preserving, recording, and collecting physical evidence at the crime scene. The 4th edition includes significant new information, including content on body worn cameras, the FBI Next Generation Identification system, and the Combined DNA Indexing System, plus a new chapter on forensic biometrics and facial recognition. Forensic Science: From the Crime Scene to the Crime Lab,  4 th Edition, is also available via Revel™, an interactive learning environment that enables students to read, practice, and study in one continuous experience. Front Cover Title Page Copyright Page Brief Contents Contents Preface About the Author 1 Introduction Definition and Scope of Forensic Science History and Development of Forensic Science History and Organization of Crime Laboratories Other Forensic Science Services Functions of the Forensic Scientist Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 2 Securing and Searching the Crime Scene Securing the Crime Scene Surveying the Crime Scene Searching the Crime Scene Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Case Analysis Case Reading: The Enrique Camarena Case: A Forensic Nightmare 3 Recording the Crime Scene Notes Photography Crime-Scene Photography Crime-Scene Images Video Documentation Sketching the Crime Scene Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking 4 Collection of Crime-Scene Evidence Common Types of Physical Evidence Evidence-Collection Tools Procedures for Collecting and Packaging Physical Evidence Ensuring Crime-Scene Safety Legal Considerations at the Crime Scene Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 5 Physical Evidence Examination of Physical Evidence Significance of Physical Evidence Forensic Databases Forensic Palynology: Pollen and Spores as Evidence Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 6 Death Investigation Role of the Forensic Pathologist Cause of Death The Autopsy Manner of Death Estimating Time of Death Role of the Forensic Anthropologist Role of the Forensic Entomologist Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking 7 Crime-Scene Reconstruction Fundamentals of Crime-Scene Reconstruction Requirements for Crime-Scene Reconstruction Assessment of Evidence and Information to Form Theories Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking 8 Forensic Biometrics: Fingerprints and Facial Recognition What Is Biometrics? Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints Classification of Fingerprints Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems Methods of Detecting Fingerprints Preservation of Developed Prints Digital Imaging for Fingerprint Enhancement Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 9 Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions Classifying Firearms and Comparing Bullets and Cartridges Automated Firearms Search Systems Gunpowder and Primer Residues Serial Number Restoration Collection and Preservation of Firearms Evidence Tool Marks Other Impressions Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 10 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis General Features of Bloodstain Formation Impact Bloodstain Spatter Patterns More Bloodstain Spatter Patterns Other Bloodstain Patterns Documenting Bloodstain Pattern Evidence Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Proceed with Caution Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 11 Drugs Drug Dependence Types of Drugs Drug Control Laws Collection and Preservation of Drug Evidence Forensic Drug Analysis Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 12 Forensic Toxicology Role of Forensic Toxicology Toxicology of Alcohol Testing for Intoxication Analysis of Blood for Alcohol Alcohol and the Law Role of the Toxicologist Drug Recognition Experts Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 13 Trace Evidence I Hairs and Fibers Morphology of Hair Forensic Examination of Hair Collection and Preservation of Hair Evidence Types of Fibers Forensic Examination of Fibers Collection and Preservation of Fiber Evidence Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 14 Trace Evidence II Paint, Glass, and Soil Forensic Examination of Paint Forensic Analysis of Glass Forensic Analysis of Soil Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 15 Biological Stain Analysis: DNA The Nature of Blood Immunoassay Techniques Forensic Characterization of Bloodstains Forensic Characterization of Semen Collection of Sexual Assault Evidence Understanding DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) DNA Typing with Short Tandem Repeats Mitochondrial DNA Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) Collection and Preservation of Biological Evidence for DNA Analysis Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 16 Forensic Aspects of Fire and Explosion Investigation Forensic Investigation of Arson Chemistry of Fire Searching the Fire Scene Collection and Preservation of Arson Evidence Analysis of Flammable Residues Explosions and Explosives Collection and Analysis of Evidence of Explosives Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 17 Document Examination Document Examiner Handwriting Comparisons Typescript Comparisons Alterations, Erasures, and Obliterations Other Document Problems Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 18 Computer Forensics Andrew W. Donofrio From Input to Output: How Does the Computer Work? Storing and Retrieving Data Processing the Electronic Crime Scene Analysis of Electronic Data Forensic Analysis of Internet Data Forensic Investigation of Internet Communications Mobile Forensics Chapter Review Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Endnotes 19 Digital and Multimedia Forensics: Cell Phones, Video, and Audio The Mobile Device Neighborhood Forensic Challenges Extracting Useful Data Mobile Device Architecture Analyzing Mobile Devices Hybrid Crime Assessment Chapter Summary Key Terms Review Questions Application Critical Thinking Further References Endnotes Appendix Appendix I Handbook of Forensic Services—FBI Appendix II Instructions for Collecting Gunshot Residue (GSR) Appendix III Chemical Formulas for Latent Fingerprint Development Appendix IV Chemical Formulas for Development of Footwear Impressions in Blood Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions Glossary Index Back Cover