Concise Neurology: A Focused Review, 2nd Edition

Description

With easy-to-read, high-yield coverage of essential information in neurology, Concise Neurology: A Focused Review is a practical, everyday reference for busy practitioners, fellows, residents, and students who need a rapid overview of a complex subject. The second edition has been almost entirely rewritten to stay current with recent developments in the field but retains its quick-reference format: an intuitively designed one- or two-page presentation of each topic to facilitate rapid review. Virtually every topic of interest is covered, including the core concepts in diagnosis and treatment for each syndrome or disease. Material is presented in order of clinical relevance, maintaining a thematic unity across related pages for the most effective, efficient review. An engaging writing style offers many pearls and personal explanations from the authors that clarify difficult concepts. Every page offers a quick yet thoughtful summary of key points, making it particularly useful for busy residents, fellows, and practitioners. Enrich Your Ebook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s),such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook,powering your content with natural language text-to-speech. Title Copyright Dedication Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations Contents 1 Basics of Metabolism and Pediatric Neurology Spectrum of Vitamin B12-­Requiring Disorders Carbohydrate Metabolism: Inherited Muscle Glycogenoses Mitochondrial Metabolism Lipid Metabolism Purine Metabolism Disorders Peroxisomal Disorders Lysosomal Disorders: Sphingolipidoses Lysosomal Disorders: Mucopolysaccharidoses Porphyrias Dopamine and Catecholamine Metabolic Disorders Norepinephrine System Serotonin System Electrolyte Derangements Voltage-­Gated Channels (Ionic Interaction) Gamma-­Aminobutyric Acid Glutamate Receptors Autism Spectrum Disorders Attention-­Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Floppy Infant Syndrome Microcephaly Macrocephaly Glutaric Aciduria Type I Biotinidase Deficiency Mitochondrial Diseases Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy Syndromes Maternally inherited Leigh syndrome and Related Disorders Primary White Matter Disorders Primary Gray Matter Disorders Symmetrical Bilateral Signal Abnormalities Within the Basal Ganglia Angelman Syndrome Neurocutaneous Syndromes (phakomatoses) 2 Stroke, Epilepsy, Sleep disorders, Coma, and Migraine Ischemic Stroke Emergency Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke Antiplatelet Drugs Carotid Endarterectomy and Other Surgical and Endovascular Techniques Transient Ischemic Attack Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Intracerebral Hemorrhage Increased Intracranial Pressure Patent Foramen Ovale Neurovascular Syndromes Thalamic Syndromes CADASIL Thrombotic Microangiopathies Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Epilepsy Mechanisms of Action of AEDs Status Epilepticus Epilepsy in Women Myoclonic Encephalopathies Myoclonus and Renal Failure Epileptic Encephalopathies With Myoclonus Sleep Disorders Narcolepsy Other Disorders Causing Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Pharmacotherapy for Insomnia Coma Persistent Vegetative State Brain Death Migraine and Other Headaches Treatable Headache and Facial Pain Disorders Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome Selected Secondary Headaches 3 Infectious Diseases Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Encephalitis Common and Emerging Viral Encephalitides Imaging of Viral Encephalitis Aseptic Meningitis Syndrome Postencephalitic Parkinsonism HIV/AIDS-­Related Infectious Disorders Neurosyphilis Lyme Disease (Neuroborreliosis) Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System Neurosarcoidosis Whipple Disease Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Prion Diseases Pathology of Infectious Diseases 4 Neurotoxicology Manganese Toxicity Botulism Nonbotulism Causes of Toxic Weakness Envenomations Lead Poisoning Mercury Intoxication Other Heavy Metals Toxic Gases Toxic Solvents and Other Chemicals Marine Biotoxins Substance Abuse Disorders Alcohol and Sedatives Abuse and Withdrawal Alcohol Use Disorder Psychostimulants: Cocaine and Amphetamine Marijuana, Hallucinogens, and PCP Opioids Intoxication and Withdrawal Toxic Leukoencephalopathies Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome 5 Movement Disorders Spastic Ataxias Hereditary Ataxias: Autosomal Recessive Inheritance Hereditary Ataxias: X-­Linked Inheritance Congenital Ataxias Acquired Ataxias: Selected Disorders Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation Neuroacanthocytosis (Acanthocytosis-­Associated Neurological Disorders) Dystonia Parkinson Disease Imaging in Parkinson Disease and Other Parkinsonisms Levodopa-­Induced Dyskinesia Tremor in Conditions Other Than PD Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Multiple System Atrophy Autonomic Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases Corticobasal Degeneration Machado–Joseph Disease (MJD; Most Commonly, SCA3) Other Parkinsonian Disorders Pathology of Tauopathies Pathology of Synucleinopathies Chorea Huntington Disease Sydenham Disease Restless Leg Syndrome (Ekbom Syndrome) Paroxysmal Dyskinesias Selected Facial Disorders Myoclonus (See Also Myoclonic Encephalopathies) Wilson Disease Tourette Syndrome 6 Behavioral Neurology Behavioral Neuroanatomy Vascular Syndromes Leading to Classical Behavioral Complications Amnesia Memory Primer Agnosias Apraxias Aphasias Acquired Dyslexia Neglect Delirium or Acute Confusional State Mild Cognitive Impairment Alzheimer Disease Treatment of Alzheimer Disease Vascular Dementia Dementia With Lewy Bodies Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Frontal Assessment Battery—Office Assessment of Frontal Function 7 Neuro-­Ophthalmology and Neuro-­Otology Transient Monocular Visual Loss Permanent Monocular Visual Loss Binocular Visual Loss Cerebral Visual Loss Anisocoria Diplopia Disorders of Saccades Nystagmus Selected Cerebellar, Pontine, and Midbrain Oculomotor Syndromes Giant-­Cell Arteritis Tolosa–Hunt Syndrome Dizziness: Vertigo and Light-­Headedness Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Ménière Disease Cerebellar Ataxia With Bilateral Vestibulopathy 8 Demyelinating Diseases, Neuro-­Oncology, and Disorders of 
Neural Tube Closure and Other Congenital Malformations Multiple Sclerosis Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Autoimmune Channelopathies Autoimmune Encephalopathies Brain Tumors Circumscribed Astrocytomas Diffuse Astrocytomas Oligodendrogliomas Ependymal Tumors Neuronal Tumors Mixed Ganglioneuronal Tumors Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors Meningeal and Mesenchymal Tumors Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Pineal Tumors and Keratin-­Containing Masses Paraneoplastic Syndromes of the Central Nervous System Paraneoplastic Syndromes of the Peripheral Nervous System Disorders of Neural Tube Closure and Other Congenital Malformations 9 Neuromuscular Disorders Brachial Plexopathies Brachial Neuropathies Lumbar Plexus Sacral Plexus Tibial Nerve Peroneal Nerve Assessment of Foot Drop Guillain–Barré Syndrome Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Myasthenia Gravis Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Spinal Cord Pathologies per Compartment Neurogenic Bladder Causative Spinal Cord Lesions Axonal Polyneuropathies Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension Autosomal Dominant Recurrent Hereditary Neuropathies (HNPP, HNA) Paraproteinemic Neuropathies Multiple Myeloma Amyloid Neuropathies Peripheral Nerve Tumors Muscular Dystrophies: X-­Linked Dystrophinopathies Muscular Dystrophies: Limb-­Girdle Muscular Dystrophies Congenital Muscular Dystrophies Distal Myopathies Myotonic Dystrophy Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy Scapuloperoneal Dystrophy Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy Inflammatory Myopathies: Dermatomyositis Inflammatory Myopathies: Polymyositis and Inclusion Body Myositis Metabolic Myopathies Episodic Muscle Weakness Familial Periodic Paralysis: Clinical Recognition Progressive or Stable Muscle Weakness Mitochondrial Myopathies Other Myogenic Causes of Cramps and Myalgia (Often Exercise-­Related) Neurogenic Causes of Cramps and Myalgia (Mostly at Rest) Congenital Myopathies Malignant Hyperthermia Syndrome Critical Illness–Related Neuropathy and Myopathy 10 Psychiatry Depression Bipolar Disorder Anxiety Disorders Obsessive-­Compulsive Disorder Personality Disorders Eating Disorders Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses Delusions Neuroleptic-­Induced Movement Disorders Functional Neurological Disorders Dissociative Disorders Suggested References for Further Reading Index