A History of Europe in the Modern World

Description

A History of Europe in the Modern World delves into how Europe''s history has contributed to the development of the modern world and an increasingly global society. The twelfth edition of this classic text links specific nations, movements, and landmark events in European history to broader historical themes and problems that have shaped the contemporary era. Readers of this text will learn about Europe''s past within the context of key historical trends, including the rise of industry and a global economy; the development of science, technology, and new forms of knowledge; social, cultural, and political movements; evolving views of human rights; and the complex relations between European nations and the wider world. Title Page Copyright Page About the Authors Brief Contents Contents List of Chapter Illustrations List of Chronologies, Historical Documents, Historical Interpretations and Debates, Maps, Charts, and Tables Preface Geography, History, and the Modern World Chapter 1 The Rise of Europe 1. Ancient Times: Greece, Rome, and Christianity 2. The Early Middle Ages: The Formation of Europe 3. The High Middle Ages: Secular Civilization 4. The High Middle Ages: The Church Chapter 2 The Upheaval in Western Christendom, 1300–1560 5. Disasters of the Fourteenth Century 6. The Renaissance in Italy 7. The Renaissance outside Italy 8. The New Monarchies 9. The Protestant Reformation 10. Catholicism Reformed and Reorganized Chapter 3 The Atlantic World, Commerce, and Wars of Religion, 1560–1648 11. The Opening of the Atlantic 12. The Commercial Revolution 13. Changing Social Structures 14. The Wars of Catholic Spain: The Netherlands and England 15. The Disintegration and Reconstruction of France 16. The Thirty Years’ War, 1618–1648: The Disintegration of Germany Chapter 4 The Growing Power of Western Europe, 1640–1715 17. The Grand Monarque and the Balance of Power 18. The Dutch Republic 19. Britain: The Civil War 20. Britain: The Triumph of Parliament 21. The France of Louis XIV, 1643–1715: The Triumph of Absolutism 22. The Wars of Louis XIV: The Peace of Utrecht, 1713 Chapter 5 The Transformation of Eastern Europe, 1648–1740 23. Three Aging Empires 24. The Formation of an Austrian Monarchy 25. The Formation of Prussia 26. The Transformation of Russia Chapter 6 The Scientific View of the World 27. The Emergence of a Scientific Culture: Bacon and Descartes 28. The Road to Newton: The Law of Universal Gravitation 29. New Knowledge of Human Beings and Society 30. Political Theory: The School of Natural Law Chapter 7 The Global Struggle for Wealth and Empire 31. Elite and Popular Cultures 32. The Global Economy of the Eighteenth Century 33. Western Europe after the Peace of Utrecht, 1713–1740 34. The Great War of the Mid-Eighteenth Century: The Peace of Paris, 1763 Chapter 8 The Age of Enlightenment 35. The Philosophes and the Ideas of Enlightenment Culture 36. Enlightened Despotism: France, Austria, Prussia 37. Enlightened Despotism: Russia 38. The Partitions of Poland 39. New Stirrings: The British Reform Movement 40. The American Revolution Chapter 9 The French Revolution 41. Social and Cultural Backgrounds 42. The Revolution and the Reorganization of France 43. The Revolution and Europe: The War and the “Second” Revolution, 1792 44. The Emergency Republic, 1792–1795: The Terror 45. The Constitutional Republic: The Directory, 1795–1799 46. The Authoritarian Republic: The Consulate, 1799–1804 Chapter 10 Napoleonic Europe 47. The Formation of the French Imperial System 48. The Grand Empire: Spread of the Revolution 49. The Continental System: Britain and Europe 50. The National Movements and New Nationalist Cultures 51. The Overthrow of Napoleon: The Congress of Vienna Chapter 11 Industries, Ideas, and the Struggle for Reform, 1815–1848 52. The Industrial Revolution in Britain 53. The Advent of the “Isms” 54. The Leaking Dam and the Flood: Domestic 55. The Leaking Dam and the Flood: International 56. The Breakthrough of Liberalism in the West: Revolutions of 1830–1832 57. Triumph of the West European Bourgeoisie Chapter 12 Revolutions and the Reimposition of Order, 1848–1870 58. Paris: The Specter of Social Revolution in the West 59. Vienna: The Nationalist Revolutions in Central Europe and Italy 60. Frankfurt and Berlin: The Question of a Liberal Germany 61. The New European “Isms”: Realism, Positivism, Marxism 62. Bonapartism: The Second French Empire, 1852–1870 Chapter 13 The Consolidation of Large Nation-States, 1859–1871 63. Backgrounds: The Idea of the Nation-State 64. Cavour and the Italian War of 1859: The Unification of Italy 65. The Founding of a German Empire and the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary 66. Tsarist Russia: Social Change and the Limits of Political Reform 67. Nation-Building in the Wider Atlantic World: The United States and Canada Chapter 14 Europe’s Economic and Political Ascendancy, 1871–1914 68. The Concept of the Modern “Civilized World” 69. Basic Demography: The Increase of Europe’s Population 70. The World Economy of the Nineteenth Century 71. The Advance of Democracy: Third French Republic, United Kingdom, German Empire Chapter 15 European Society and Culture, 1871–1914 72. The Advance of Democracy: Socialism, Labor Unions, and Feminism 73. Science, Philosophy, the Arts, and Religion 74. The Waning of Classical Liberalism Chapter 16 Europe’s Colonial Empires and Global Dominance, 1871–1914 75. Imperialism: Its Nature and Causes 76. The Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire 77. The European Partition of Africa 78. Imperialism in Asia: The Dutch, the British, and the Russians 79. Imperialism in Asia: China and Europe 80. The Russo-Japanese War and Its Consequences Chapter 17 The First World War 81. The International Anarchy 82. The Armed Stalemate 83. The Collapse of Russia and the Intervention of the United States 84. The Collapse of the Austrian and German Empires 85. The Economic, Social, and Cultural Impact of the War 86. The Peace of Paris, 1919 Chapter 18 The Russian Revolution and the Emergence of the Soviet Union 87. Backgrounds 88. The Revolution of 1905 89. The Revolution of 1917 90. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 91. Stalin: The Five-Year Plans and the Purges 92. The International Impact of Communism, 1919–1939 Chapter 19 Democracy, Anti-Imperialism, and the Economic Crisis After the First World War 93. The Advance of Democracy after 1919 94. The German Republic and the Spirit of Locarno 95. Anti-Imperialist Movements in Asia 96. The Great Depression: Collapse of the World Economy Chapter 20 Democracy and Dictatorship in the 1930S 97. Trials and Adjustments of Democracy in Britain and France 98. Italian Fascism 99. Totalitarianism: Germany’s Third Reich Chapter 21 The Second World War 100. The Weakness of the Democracies: Again to War 101. The Years of Axis Triumph 102. The Western-Soviet Victory 103. The Foundations of the Peace Chapter 22 The Cold War and Reconstruction after the Second World War 104. The Cold War: The Opening Decade, 1945–1955 105. Western Europe: Economic Reconstruction 106. Western Europe: Political Reconstruction 107. Europe and the Global Economy 108. Communist Societies in the U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe Chapter 23 Decolonization and the Breakup of the European Empires 109. The Emergence of Independent Nations in South Asia and Southeast Asia 110. The African Revolution 111. Europe and the Modern Middle East Chapter 24 Coexistence, Confrontation, and the New European Economy 112. Confrontation and Détente, 1955–1975 113. Collapse and Recovery of the European and Global Economy: The 1970s and 1980s 114. The Cold War Rekindled and Defused Chapter 25 The International Revolt Against Soviet Communism 115. The Crisis in the Soviet Union 116. The Collapse of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe 117. The Collapse of the Soviet Union 118. After Communism Chapter 26 Europe and the Changing Modern World 119. Western Europe after the Cold War 120. Nation-States and Economies in the Age of Globalization 121. Intellectual and Social Transitions in Modern Cultures 122. Europe and International Conflicts in the Early Twenty-First Century 123. Social and Environmental Challenges in the Twenty-First Century Appendix Rulers and Regimes Index Suggestions for Further Reading