Adaptive Phytoremediation Practices: Resilience to Climate Change

Description

Adaptive Phytoremediation Practices: Resilience to Climate Change discusses current phytoremediation practices under an ever-pressing need for environmental remediation due to increasing pollution in a changing climate. Phytoremediation is increasingly relevant due to plants’ high effectiveness and sustainability during remediation and the ability of potential phytoremediation plants to adapt to changes in climate. Changing climatic conditions cause various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants and thereby negatively affect a plant’s establishment, growth, and yield. Therefore, the integration of suitable climate-resilient plants and adaptive remedial practices along with proper agro-biotechnological interventions is of paramount importance to mitigate the rapidly growing pollution. This book is an important reference for environmental scientists, particularly those working in pollution management and remediation, forming an up-to-date collection of phytoremediation practices that provide sustainable solutions as a holistic approach for carrying out phytoremediation under changing climatic conditions. Front Matter Copyright Preface About the authors Acknowledgments Foreword by Dr. ir. Filip M G Tack Foreword by Dr. Jan Frouz Phytoremediation in a changing climate Introduction Global climate change Impacts of climate change on growth, uptake of metals, and phytoremediation potential of plants Impacts of elevated concentration of CO2 Impacts of elevated temperature Impacts of drought Plant-microbe interaction and their effect on metal uptake and phytoremediation in a changing climate Impact of elevated CO2 Impact of drought Impact of high temperature Conclusions and future prospects References Plant responses toward climatic stressors individually and in combination with soil heavy metals Introduction Coping against abiotic stress condition High-temperature tolerance Drought tolerance Salinity tolerance Cold tolerance Submergence/flood tolerance Heavy metal tolerance Coping against biotic stresses Pest resistance Pathogen stress Plant responses toward climatic stressors in combination with soil heavy metals Conclusions and future prospects References Structural and functional characteristics of resilient plants for adaptive phytoremediation practices Introduction Environmental pollution Climate-resilient pathways and adaptive management Phytoremediation—“Gray to green” Adaptive characteristics of resilient plants Functional and structural plant response to pollution and climatic change Functional response of resilient plants to pollution and climatic change Plant physiology Plant biochemistry Lipidomics-based understanding of adaptation between plants and climate change/pollution Structural response of resilient plants to pollution and climatic change Plant leaf anatomy Plant leaf morphology Conclusions Future perspectives References Soil and phytomanagement for adaptive phytoremediation practices Introduction Soil management Phytomanagement Soil management Arbuscular mycorrhizae against drought stress Arbuscular mycorrhizae against salinity stress Using rhizobacteria in management of polluted soils Using industrial waste in management of degraded soils Using organic waste in management of polluted soils Phytomanagement Climate-resilient economic crops Biofuel crop production—Role in phytoremediation Fiber crop production—Role in phytoremediation Aromatic essential oil crop production—Role in phytoremediation Fortified crop production—Role in phytoremediation Pros and cons of adaptive phytoremediation practice Conclusion References Adaptive phytoremediation practices for sustaining ecosystem services Introduction Adaptive phytoremediation practices—An ultimate hope for nature sustainability Adaptive responses of plants toward pollutant stress Different phytoremediation strategies for environmental cleanup Adaptive site management and long-time monitoring Ecosystem services from phytoremediated polluted sites Provisioning services Regulating services Supporting services Cultural services Opportunities and challenges in adaptive phytoremediation practices Summary and conclusion References Designer plants for climate-resilient phytoremediation Overview Biotechnological strategies for generating climate-resilient phytoremediation Omics-based breeding approach for introducing adaptive traits CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing Designing and developing climate-resilient plants for adaptive phytoremediation involving OMICS approach and CRISPE ... Omics approach (cloning and expression)-mediated transgenic plant generation CRISPER-Cas-mediated transgenic plant generation Application of CRISPER to improve plant growth-promoting microbes and other features of plant growth-promoting micr ... Adaptive and climate-resilient phytoremediation practices Genome editing for cold tolerance Genome editing for salt tolerance Genome editing for heat tolerance Genome editing for drought tolerance Genome editing for increasing yields Genome editing for improving quality/nutrition Genome editing for disease stress resistance Designer plants in agriculture and phytoremediation through CRISPR/Cas9 system Designer plants in agriculture via CRISPR/Cas9 system Genome editing in monocots Genome editing in dicots Designer plants in phytoremediation through CRISPR/Cas9 system Challenges and opportunities Conclusion References Making biomass from phytoremediation fruitful: Future goal of phytoremediation Introduction Phytoremediation and generation of heavy metal-contaminated biomass (HMCB) The fate of contaminated biomass from phytoremediation Bioeconomy via products recovery from contaminated biomass Technologies for contaminated biomass conversion into bioenergy Biochemical processes Thermochemical processes Pyrolysis Liquefaction Gasification Combustion Biodiesel, biogas, and bioethanol recovery from contaminated biomass Biodiesel Biogas Bioethanol Microalgal biofuel Conversion of biomass to bioelectricity Other valorization of heavy metal-contaminated biomass Essential oils recovery from contaminated biomass of aromatic plants Dye recovery from plants grown on contaminated lands Bioenergy from farm waste via pyrolysis Techno-economic assessment (TEA) Summary and conclusion References Policy implications and future prospects for adaptive phytoremediation practices Climatic zones and potential shift under future global warming scenario Current scenario Increase in polluted sites Status of remediation Policy implications Climate change effects and adaptive phytomanagement Climate-smart agriculture and phytoremediation Conclusion and future prospects References Index A B C D E F G H I M N O P R S T