Guidelines for Morphological and Syntactic Annotation of Old Norwegian Texts: Project Menotec

Description

English translation by Eiríkur Kristjánsson. This series also contains a Norwegian version of the guidelines, Vol. 4, No. 1. The present English version is a translation of the Norwegian text and follows this page by page, example by example. It is intended to be fully equivalent with the Norwegian version. Some deviations and changes are unavoidable in a translation, but we believe that for the great majority of readers, the two versions will be fully compatible. These guidelines for morphological and syntactic annotation of Old Norwegian were developed for use by the Menotec project (2010–2012). While they were written for the annotators of the project, we hope that they will be helpful also for those who will be working with the texts in the Menotec corpus as well as for anyone with a general interest in morphological and syntactic annotation. The questions discussed in these guidelines are likely to be familiar to anyone studying the Old Norwegian language (which together with Old Icelandic constitute Old Norse, in the Scandinavian languages often referred to as norrønt). We have chosen dependency analysis as our model for syntactic annotation, and in our experience, this model has given us a surprisingly simple way of manual annotation. It also works very well with a language of relatively free word order. Recently, dependency analysis has been used for several other projects, and a number of older languages are now available in this formalism, including Ancient Greek, Latin, Classical Armenian, Gothic, Church Slavonic, Old English, Old French, Old Spanish and Old Portuguese. Preface 3 Contents 5 1. Background for the Morphological Annotation 13 1.1 Word Classes and Morphological Terms 13 2 Word Classes 23 3 Homonymy 41 4 Menotec and PROIEL encoding 49 5 Background for the Syntactic Annotation 61 6 Word and Sentence Boundaries 65 7 Functions 77 8 Phrases 113 9 Slashing and Coordination 121 10 Subordinate Clauses and Clause-like Constructions 133 11 Verbs and Verbal Particles 163 12 Topicalisation and Dislocation 179 13 Ellipsis, Agreement, Discontinuity and Anacoluthon 185 14 Ambiguous Functions 191 15 List of Functions 199 16 Examples 203 17 Special Word Lists 211 18 Sources and Literature 227