Is There a Link between Unemployment and Criminality in the US Economy? Further Evidence
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Description
Using Markov-Switching models, this paper studies the existence of a relationship between the unemployment rate and four di§erent types of crimes in the U.S. economy. After it, using the non-parametric Concordance Index of Harding and Pagan (2002, 2006), the correlation between the cycles of unemployment rate and crime variables is determined. Results conÖrm that there is no significant relationship between the unemployment rate, burglary and motor-vehicle theft. However, the unemployment rate has a signiÖcant relationship with robbery and larceny. The contemporaneous relationship is positive for robbery and negative for larceny. However, it turns to be positive between the lagged values of the unemployment rate and larceny. Keywords: Markov-Switching Models, Cycles, Unemployment, Crime. JEL ClassiÖcation: C22, K14 Resumen Utilizando modelos Markov-Switching, este documento investiga la existencia de una relaciÛn entre la tasa de desempleo y cuatro diferentes tipos de criminalidad en la economÌa de los Estados Unidos. Asimismo, se analiza la correlaciÛn entre los ciclos de la tasa de de desempleo y las diferentes variables de criminalidad utilizando una medida no paramÈtrica denominada indice de concordancia propuesto por Harding y Pagan (2002, 2006). Los resultados indican que no existe una relaciÛn estadÌsticamente signiÖcativa entre la tasa de desempleo y las tasas de robo violentos y robo de vehÌculos. Sin embargo, la tasa de desempleo presenta una relaciÛn estadÌsticamente signiÖcativa con asaltos a mano armada y hurtos o fraudes. La relaciÛn es contempor·neamente positiva con la tasa de robo a mano armada y negativa con la tasa de hurto o fraude. Sin embargo esta relaciÛn se vuelve positiva entre valores rezagados de la tasa de hurto o fraude y la tasa de desempleo. Palabras Claves: Modelos Markov-Switching, Ciclos, Desempleo, Criminalidad. ClassiÖcaciÛn JEL: C22, K14 DDD285-Caratula DDD285-tercera hoja DDD285-Contratapa DDD285-solo
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