Formalizing Natural Languages: Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities: 16th International Conference, NooJ 2022 Rosario, Argentina, June 14–16, 2022 Revised Selected Papers

Description

This book constitutes selected revised papers of the 16th International Conference on Formalizing Natural Languages: Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities, NooJ 2022, held in Rosario, Argentina, in June 2022. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. NooJ is a linguistic development environment that provides tools for linguists to construct linguistic resources that formalize a large gamut of linguistic phenomena: typography, orthography, lexicons for simple words, multiword units and discontinuous expressions, inflectional, derivational and agglutinative morphology, local, phrase-structure and dependency grammars, as well as transformational and semantic grammars. The 17 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topics:​ Morphological and Lexical Resources; Syntactic and Semantic Resources; Corpus Linguistics and Discourse Analysis; Natural Language Processing Applications. Preface Organization Contents List of Contributors Morphological and Lexical Resources The Architecture of SANTI-Morf’s Guesser Module 1 To Guess or Not to Guess 2 A Brief Look at SANTI-Morph’s Architecture 3 The Guesser 3.1 Morphological Cues 3.2 Capitalization 3.3 Final Guess 3.4 Ambiguity Problem 3.5 Solution 3.6 Architecture 4 The New +UNAMB Operator: A Proposal for Simplification 5 Conclusion References Formation and Evolution of Intensive Adverbs Ending in -mente Derived from the Adjectival Class in Spanish and French 1 Introduction 2 Intensive Adjectives Derived from the Class 2.1 Terriblemente/Terriblement 2.2 Horriblemente/Horriblement 2.3 Espantosamente/Épouvantablement 2.4 Other Adverbs 3 Conclusion References Formalizing the Ancient Greek Participle Inflection with NooJ 1 Introduction 1.1 The Ancient Greek Participle 1.2 The Modern Greek Module 1.3 The Text Corpus and the Participle Corpus 2 Morphological Processing of the Ancient Greek Participle 2.1 Extraction of Participles 2.2 Selection of Participles 2.3 Lemmas Classification Criteria: Accented Vowels Before Verb Endings 2.4 Creation of Dictionaries and Grammars 2.5 Linguistic Analysis and TAS 3 Conclusions, Challenges and Perspectives References Automatic Analysis of Appreciative Morphology: The Case of Paronomasia in Colombian Spanish 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework: The Phenomenon of Paronomasia, Generative Lexicon Theory and Constraint Grammar 2.1 Paronomasia: Description of the Phenomenon 2.2 The Generative Lexicon Theory 2.3 Constraint Grammars 3 Methodology 3.1 Selection of Colombian Spanish Names 3.2 Computer Work 4 Results Obtained 5 Conclusions References Prosodic Segmentation of Belarusian Texts in NooJ 1 Introduction 2 Relevance of the Study: Lack of Automatic Prosodic Segmentation in TTS 3 Text Sources: Corpus of Literary and Medical Texts 4 Extraction of Syntagms 5 Syntactic Grammar for Extracting Syntagms in NooJ 6 Conclusion References Syntactic and Semantic Resources Zellig S. Harris’ Transfer Grammar and Its Application with NooJ 1 Introduction 2 On-Line Translation Portals and Tools 2.1 A Brief Outline of Google Translate Errors 3 Zellig S. Harris’ Transfer Grammar 4 NooJ and Harris’ Transfer Grammar 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Formalization of Transformations of Complex Sentences in Quechua 1 Introduction 2 Gerund Subordination Classes 2.1 Concordance Grammars 3 Basic Transformations (BT) 3.1 Permutation [PERM] 3.2 Interrogation [INT] 3.3 Past2 [PASSG] 3.4 Past1 [PASSG1] 3.5 Future [F] 3.6 Progressive [Prog2] 4 Paraphrasing Subordinate Clauses 5 Transformation and Machine Translation 6 Conclusion References Automatic Extraction of Verbal Phrasemes in the Electrical Energy Field with NooJ 1 Introduction 2 Phraseology Criteria 2.1 Frequency 2.2 Fixation 2.3 Pragmatic Criterion 3 Language Description Software: NOOJ’S Approach 3.1 Rational Grammar 3.2 Algebraic Grammar 3.3 Contextual Grammar 4 Modeling and Implementation in NooJ 5 Results 6 Conclusion References A Linguistic Approach for Automatic Analysis, Recognition and Translation of Arabic Nominal Predicates Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Nominal Predicates, Support Verbs and Translation 3 Linguistic Characteristics of the Nominative Predicate: Advice 3.1 The General Support Verbs: أفعال ناقلة عامّة 3.2 The Aspectual Support Verbs: أفعال ناقلة مظهريّة 3.3 Determiners of Predicate “Advice” 3.4 The Verbal Predicate “نَصَحَ” “Conseiller” “ to Advise” 4 Creation of a Bilingual French-Arabic Dictionary 5 The Creation of Grammars for the Analysis and Recognition of Syntactic Patterns 6 The Creation of Translation Grammars 7 Conclusion and Perspectives References Corpus Linguistics and Discourse Analysis Processing the Discourse of Insecurity in Rosario with the NooJ Platform 1 Introduction 1.1 The Aim of Our Paper 1.2 Why Do We Use NooJ? 1.3 The Corpus 2 General Considerations 2.1 New Tags 2.2 Grammars for the Discourse of Insecurity 3 Conclusions References Analyzing Political Discourse: Finding the Frames for Guilt and Responsibility 1 Introduction 2 Previous Work 3 About the Language and the Corpus 3.1 Croatian Language Specifics 3.2 Croatian Parliament Corpus 4 Design of the Language Models 4.1 Language Model for ‘Responsibility’ 4.2 Language Model for ‘Guilt’ 5 Discussion of Results 6 Conclusion References Creation of Parallel Medical and Social Domains Corpora for the Machine Translation and Speech Synthesis Systems Abstract 1 First Section Introduction 2 Compilation of a Medical and Social Domain Corpus 3 Creating Medical and Social Trilingual Dictionaries in NooJ 4 NooJ for Proofreading and Translating 4.1 Common Names in the Corpora 4.2 Personal Names in the Corpora 5 Conclusion References Creation of a Legal Domain Corpus for the Belarusian Module in NooJ: Texts, Dictionaries, Grammars Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Compilation of a Legal Domain Corpus 3 Creating Medical and Social Trilingual Dictionaries in NooJ 4 Syntactic Grammars for Searching Legal Terminology and Punctuational Syntagmas 5 Conclusion References Natural Language Processing Applications Construction of an Educational Game “CONJNOOJ” 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Method 2.1 Identification of Resources 2.2 Building of Resources 2.3 Game Steps 3 CONJNooJ Experimentation 3.1 Conjugation of Verbs 3.2 Inflection of Adjectives and Nouns 4 Conclusion and Perspectives References Annotation of Procedural Questions in Standard Arabic Using Syntactic Grammars Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 The Generic Architecture of the Proposed QA System 4 Our Approach 4.1 Question Analysis 4.2 Segmentation and Passage Retrieval 5 Experiments and Results 5.1 Named Entity Recognition (NER) 5.2 Recognition and Analysis of Procedural Questions 6 Conclusion References Integrated NooJ Environment for Arabic Linguistic Disambiguation Improvement Using MWEs Abstract 1 Introduction 2 State of Art 2.1 Arabic Specificities 2.2 Sources of Syntactic Ambiguity in Arabic 2.2.1 Vocalization Ambiguity 2.2.2 Word Order Ambiguity 2.2.3 Multifunctionality of Arabic Nouns 2.3 Arabic Disambiguation Task 3 Approach 3.1 Disambiguation Approach 3.2 Disambiguation Grammars 4 Experimentations and Results 5 Conclusion Appendix References The Digital Text Workshop Cloud, New Solutions for Super Calculation Environments 1 Introduction 2 Comparing Models: Language Environments and Lexicon-Grammar as an Elementary Calculation LGLI 3 The Lexicon-Grammatical and Automatic Text Analysis 4 Digital Intelligence W.Tool in NooJ Environment 5 Conclusion and Research Results References Author Index