Recycled Ceramics in Sustainable Concrete: Properties and Performance (Emerging Materials and Technologies)

Description

Recycled Ceramics in Sustainable Concrete: Properties and Performance explores the use of novel waste materials in the construction industry as sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional cement production technologies. It specifically focuses on using waste ceramics as a binder and aggregate replacement for concrete. Includes a lifecycle assessment Describes recycling of ceramic tile waste as fine and coarse aggregate replacement Discusses microstructure performance of sustainable concrete Evaluates performance of sustainable concrete exposed to elevated temperatures and corrosives Written for materials, chemical, and civil engineers as well as others who develop construction materials, this book provides readers with a thorough understanding of the merits of using waste ceramics to produce sustainable concrete. . Cover Half Title Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Authors Chapter 1 Recycling of Ceramic Wastes: Emerging Research and Opportunities 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Environmental Problems of Cement 1.3 Concrete Durability Problems 1.4 Energy Problems in Cement Industries 1.5 Utilizing Pozzolanic Materials in Concrete 1.6 Wastes of Ceramic 1.7 Utilizing Ceramic Wastes in Concrete Industry 1.7.1 Traditional Concrete 1.7.2 Geopolymer Concrete 1.8 Conclusions References Chapter 2 Chemical, Physical, and Mineral Properties of Ceramic Wastes 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Preparation Stages 2.2.1 Fine and Coarse Aggregates 2.2.2 Micro Ceramic Powder 2.2.3 Nano Ceramic Powder 2.3 Chemical Composition 2.4 Physical Properties 2.4.1 Fine and Coarse Aggregates 2.4.2 Micro Powder 2.4.3 Nano Powder 2.5 Mineral Properties 2.5.1 X-Ray Diffraction Pattern 2.5.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy 2.5.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy 2.5.4 Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy 2.5.5 Differential Thermal and Thermogravimetric Analysis 2.6 Conclusions References Chapter 3 Utilizing Ceramic Wastes in the Concrete Industry 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Workability Performance of Traditional Concrete 3.2.1 Effects of Ceramic Powder on Cement Flowability 3.2.2 Effects of WCP on Cement Setting Time 3.2.3 Effect of Ceramic Aggregates on Concrete Workability 3.3 Workability of Cement-Free Concrete 3.3.1 Effect of WCP on Alkali-Activated Flowability 3.3.2 Effect of WCP on Prepared Mortar Setting Time 3.4 Density of Traditional Concrete 3.4.1 Effect of WCP 3.4.2 Effect of Ceramic Aggregates 3.5 Density of Cement-Free Mortar 3.6 Traditional Concrete UPV Readings 3.6.1 Effect of WCP 3.6.2 Effect of Ceramic Aggregates 3.7 UPV Readings of Cement-Free Specimens 3.8 Conclusions References Chapter 4 Effects of Ceramic Waste on Durability Performance of Traditional Concrete 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Materials and Mix Design 4.2.1 Materials 4.2.2 Mix Proportions 4.3 Specimen Preparation and Test Methods 4.4 Engineering Properties 4.4.1 Compressive Strength 4.4.2 XRD Patterns 4.4.3 SEM Images 4.4.4 FTIR Spectral Analysis 4.4.5 TGA Thermograms 4.5 Resistance to Sulphate Attack 4.6 Conclusions References Chapter 5 Properties of Ceramic Waste-Based Alkali-Activated Mortars 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Materials 5.3 Method for Mix Design 5.4 Specimen Preparation and Test Procedure 5.5 Fresh and Hardened Properties 5.5.1 Flow of AAMs 5.5.2 Setting Time of AAMs 5.5.3 Hardened Density of AAMs 5.5.4 Compressive Strength of AAMs (CS) 5.5.5 Effect of SiO2:Al2O3 on Strength Development 5.5.6 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 5.5.7 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 5.5.8 FTIR Spectral Analysis 5.5.9 Tensile Splitting Strength of AAMs 5.5.10 Flexural Strength of AAMs 5.5.11 Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of AAMs 5.5.12 Water Absorption 5.6 Conclusions References Chapter 6 Bond Strength Performance of Alkali-Activated Mortars in Aggressive Environments 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Physical and Chemical Properties of Materials 6.3 Mix Design and Casting Process 6.4 Test Procedures 6.5 Results and Discussion 6.5.1 Compressive Strength of AAMs 6.5.2 Porosity 6.5.3 Bond Strength 6.5.4 Effect of Sulphuric Acid Attack 6.5.5 Effect of Elevated Temperatures 6.5.6 Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycles 6.5.7 Effect of Wet–Dry Cycles 6.6 Conclusions References Chapter 7 Ceramic Waste-Based Self-Compacting Alkali-Activated Concrete 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Raw Materials 7.3 Mix Design 7.4 Testing of Fresh and Hardened SCAAC 7.4.1 Workability Tests 7.4.2 Hardened Concrete Testing 7.4.3 Sulphuric Acid Attack Test 7.5 Results and Discussion 7.5.1 Filling Ability of Concrete 7.5.2 Passing Ability of Concrete 7.5.3 Resistance to Segregation 7.5.4 Setting Time 7.5.5 Compressive Strength 7.5.6 X-Ray Diffraction Analysis 7.5.7 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 7.5.8 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 7.5.9 Tensile Strength 7.5.10 Flexural Strength 7.5.11 Water Absorption 7.5.12 Sulphuric Acid Attack 7.6 Conclusions References Chapter 8 Durability Performance of Ceramic Waste–Based Alkali-Activated Mortars 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Materials and Mix Design 8.2.1 Materials 8.2.2 Mix Design 8.3 Testing Procedure 8.3.1 Strength and Water Absorption 8.3.2 Carbonation Depth 8.3.3 Sulphuric Acid and Sulphate Attack 8.3.4 Freeze–Thaw Cycles 8.3.5 Wet–Dry Resistance 8.3.6 Elevated Temperatures 8.4 Mechanical and Durable Performance 8.4.1 Compressive Strength 8.4.2 Water Absorption 8.4.3 Carbonation Depth 8.4.4 Acid Attack Resistance 8.4.5 Sulphate Attack Resistance 8.4.6 Freeze–Thaw Cycles 8.4.7 Wet–Dry Cycles 8.4.8 Elevated Temperatures 8.5 Conclusions References Chapter 9 Performance Evaluation Alkali-Activated Mortar Exposed to Elevated Temperatures 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Materials and Mix Design 9.2.1 Materials 9.2.2 Mix Design and Sample Preparation 9.3 Testing Procedures 9.4 Strength and Microstructure Properties 9.4.1 Residual Compressive Strength 9.4.2 Mass Loss 9.4.3 Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity 9.4.4 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 9.4.5 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 9.4.6 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 9.4.7 Thermogravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis 9.5 Visual Appearance 9.5.1 Impact of Temperature Rise on Cracks 9.5.2 Impact of Temperature Rise on Discolouration 9.6 Conclusions References Chapter 10 Sustainability of Ceramic Waste in the Concrete Industry 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Sustainability of Modified Cement-Based Concrete 10.2.1 Life Cycle Calculation 10.2.2 Mix Design 10.2.3 Greenhouse Emission, Energy Efficiency, and Cost Analysis 10.3 Sustainability of Alkali-Activated Concrete 10.3.1 Waste Materials Life Cycle 10.3.2 Mix Design 10.3.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions 10.3.4 Cost-Effectiveness and Energy Efficiency 10.4 Conclusions References Chapter 11 Alkali-Activated Mortars Containing Ceramic Waste as Repair Material 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Material Characterizations 11.3 Design of AAM Mixes 11.4 Test Procedures 11.4.1 Fresh and Strength Tests 11.4.2 Porosity Test 11.4.3 Abrasion Resistance Test 11.4.4 Slant Shear Bond Strength Test 11.4.5 Freeze–Thaw Cycling Resistance Test 11.5 Compatibility between AAM and Concrete Substrate 11.5.1 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 11.5.2 Four-Point Loading Flexural Test 11.6 Workability Performance 11.7 Strength Performance 11.7.1 Compressive Strength 11.7.2 XRD 11.7.3 Splitting Tensile Strength 11.7.4 Flexural Strength and Modulus of Elasticity 11.8 Porosity of AAMs 11.9 Surface Abrasion Resistance 11.10 Freeze–Thaw Resistance 11.11 Bond Strength Performance 11.11.1 Slant Shear Bonding Strength (SSBS) 11.11.2 Splitting Tensile Strength/Bond Strength 11.11.3 Flexural Strength/Bond Strength 11.12 Compatibility between AAMs and Concrete Substrate 11.12.1 Thermal Expansion Coefficient 11.12.2 Four-Point Loading Flexural 11.13 Conclusions References Chapter 12 Structural Applications of Alkali-Activated Concrete Containing Ceramic Waste 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Materials and Mix Design 12.3 Specimen Preparation 12.4 Fresh Properties 12.5 Compressive Strength 12.6 Flexural Behaviour 12.7 Conclusions References Index