The Interpersonal Communication Book

Description

Cover Title Page Copyright Page Brief Contents Contents Specialized Contents Welcome to The Interpersonal Communication Book PART One Preliminaries To Interpersonal Communication 1 Foundations of Interpersonal Communication The Benefits of Studying Interpersonal Communication Personal Benefits Professional Benefits The Elements of Interpersonal Communication Source–Receiver Messages Channel Noise Context Effects Ethics The Principles of Interpersonal Communication Interpersonal Communication Exists on a Continuum Interpersonal Communication Involves Interdependent Individuals Interpersonal Communication Is Inherently Relational Interpersonal Communication Is a Transactional Process Interpersonal Communication Serves a Variety of Purposes Interpersonal Communication Is Ambiguous Interpersonal Relationships May Be Symmetrical or Complementary Interpersonal Communication Refers to Content and Relationship Interpersonal Communication Is a Series of Punctuated Events Interpersonal Communication Is Inevitable, Irreversible, and Unrepeatable Summary Key Terms 2 Culture and Interpersonal Communication Culture The Importance of Cultural Awareness The Transmission of Culture The Aim of a Cultural Perspective Cultural Differences Individual and Collective Orientation High‐ and Low‐Context Cultures Power Distance Masculine and Feminine Cultures High‐Ambiguity‐Tolerant and Low‐Ambiguity‐Tolerant Cultures Long‐ and Short‐Term Orientation Indulgence and Restraint Principles for Effective Intercultural Communication Educate Yourself Recognize Differences Confront Your Stereotypes Reduce Your Ethnocentrism Recognize Culture Shock Adjust Your Communication Summary Key Terms 3 Perception of the Self and Others The Self in Interpersonal Communication Self‐Concept Self‐Awareness Self‐Esteem Perception in Interpersonal Communication Stage One: Stimulation Stage Two: Organization Stage Three: Interpretation–Evaluation Stage Four: Memory Stage Five: Recall Impression Formation Impression Formation Processes Increasing Accuracy in Impression Formation Impression Management: Goals and Strategies To Be Liked: Affinity‐Seeking and Politeness Strategies To Be Believed: Credibility Strategies To Excuse Failure: Self‐Handicapping Strategies To Secure Help: Self‐Deprecating Strategies To Hide Faults: Self‐Monitoring Strategies To Be Followed: Influencing Strategies To Confirm Self‐Image: Image‐Confirming Strategies Summary Key Terms PART Two Interpersonal Messages 4 Verbal Messages Principles of Verbal Messages Messages Are Packaged Message Meanings Are in People Meanings Are Denotative and Connotative Messages Vary in Abstraction Messages Vary in Politeness Messages Can Be Onymous or Anonymous Messages Can Deceive Messages Vary in Assertiveness Confirmation and Disconfirmation Racism Ageism Heterosexism Sexism Cultural Identifiers Guidelines for Using Verbal Messages Effectively Extensionalize: Avoid Intensional Orientation See the Individual: Avoid Allness Distinguish between Facts and Inferences: Avoid Fact–Inference Confusion Discriminate Among: Avoid Indiscrimination Talk about the Middle: Avoid Polarization Update Messages: Avoid Static Evaluation Summary Key Terms 5 Nonverbal Messages Principles of Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Messages Interact with Verbal Messages Nonverbal Messages Help Manage Impressions Nonverbal Messages Help Form Relationships Nonverbal Messages Structure Conversation Nonverbal Messages Can Influence and Deceive Nonverbal Messages Are Crucial for Expressing Emotions Channels of Nonverbal Communication Body Messages Facial Communication Eye Communication Touch Communication Paralanguage Silence Spatial Messages and Territoriality Artifactual Communication Olfactory Messages Temporal Communication Nonverbal Communication Competence Encoding Skills Decoding Skills Summary Key Terms 6 Listening The Process and Skills of Listening Stage One: Receiving Stage Two: Understanding Stage Three: Remembering Stage Four: Evaluating Stage Five: Responding Listening Barriers Physical and Mental Distractions Biases and Prejudices Racist, Heterosexist, Ageist, and Sexist Listening Lack of Appropriate Focus Premature Judgment Hearing Impairment Styles of Effective Listening Empathic Listening Polite Listening Critical Listening Active Listening Culture, Gender, and Listening Culture and Listening Gender and Listening Summary Key Terms 7 Emotional Messages Principles of Emotions and Emotional Messages Emotions Occur in Stages Emotions May Be Primary or Blended Emotions Involve Both Body and Mind Emotional Expression Uses Multiple Channels Emotional Expression Is Governed by Display Rules Emotions Can Be Used Strategically Emotions Have Consequences Emotions May Be Adaptive and Maladaptive Emotions Are Contagious Obstacles to Communicating Emotions Personality Factors Inadequate Interpersonal Skills Societal and Cultural Customs Fear Emotional Competence Emotional Expression Emotional Responding Summary Key Terms 8 Conversational Messages Principles of Conversation The Principle of Process The Principle of Cooperation The Principle of Politeness The Principle of Dialogue The Principle of Turn Taking Conversational Disclosure Revealing Yourself Influences on Self‐Disclosure Rewards and Dangers of Self‐Disclosure Guidelines for Self‐Disclosure Everyday Conversations Making Small Talk Making Introductions Making Excuses Apologizing Asking for a Favor Complimenting Advising Summary Key Terms PART Three Interpersonal Relationships 9 Interpersonal Relationship Stages, Communication, and Theories Relationship Stages Contact Involvement Intimacy Deterioration Repair Dissolution Movement among the Stages Relationship Communication Communicating in Developing and Maintaining Relationships Communicating in Deteriorating and Dissolving Relationships Communicating in Relationship Repair Relationship Theories Attraction Theory Relationship Rules Theory Relationship Dialectics Theory Social Exchange Theory Equity Theory Politeness Theory Summary Key Terms 10 Interpersonal Relationship Types Friendship Relationships Definition and Characteristics Friendship Types Friendship Needs Friendship and Communication Friendship, Culture, and Gender Love Relationships Love Types Love and Communication Love, Culture, and Gender Family Relationships Characteristics of Families Couple Types Family Types Family and Communication Families, Culture, and Gender Workplace Relationships Workplace Communication Networking Relationships Mentoring Relationships Romantic Relationships at Work The Dark Side of Interpersonal Relationships Jealousy Violence Summary Key Terms 11 Interpersonal Conflict and Conflict Management Preliminaries to Interpersonal Conflict Definition of Interpersonal Conflict Myths about Interpersonal Conflict Interpersonal Conflict Issues Principles of Interpersonal Conflict Conflict Is Inevitable Conflict Can Have Negative and Positive Effects Conflict Is Influenced by Culture and Gender Conflict Styles Have Consequences Conflict Management Is a Multistep Process Conflict Management Strategies Win–Lose and Win–Win Strategies Avoidance and Active Fighting Strategies Force and Talk Strategies Face‐Attacking and Face‐Enhancing Strategies Verbal Aggressiveness and Argumentativeness Strategies Summary Key Terms 12 Interpersonal Power and Influence Principles of Power and Influence Some People Are More Powerful Than Others Power Can Be Shared Power Can Be Increased or Decreased Power Follows the Principle of Less Interest Power Generates Privilege Power Is Influenced by Culture Relationship, Person, and Message Power Power in the Relationship Power in the Person Power in the Message Resisting Power and Influence Misuses of Power Sexual Harassment Bullying Power Plays Prosocial Communication The Nature of Prosocial Communication Factors Influencing Prosocial Communication Examples of Prosocial Communication Effects of Prosocial Communication Summary Key Terms Glossary References Credits Index