Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Review of Medical and Biomedical Engineering and Science Concepts

Description

Total Knee Arthroplasty: Medical and Biomedical Engineering and Science Concepts provides an extensive overview of the most recent advancements in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) through a thorough review of the literature in medicine, engineering, and technology. Coverage includes the most recent engineering and computing techniques, such as robotics, biomechanics, artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML), and optimization, as well as the medical and surgical aspects of pre-existing conditions, surgical procedure types, surgical complications, patient care, and psychological factors. This book will be a valuable introduction to TKA concepts and advances for academics, students, and researchers. Preface Contents About the Authors Chapter 1: Surgical Approaches Used for Total Knee Arthroplasty 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Medial Parapatellar Approach 1.2.1 Minimally Invasive – Limited MPA 1.3 Subvastus Approach 1.3.1 Modified Subvastus Approach 1.3.2 Mini-Subvastus Approach 1.4 Midvastus Approach 1.4.1 Mini-Midvastus Approach 1.5 Trivector Approach 1.5.1 Mini-Trivector Approach 1.6 Lateral Approach References Chapter 2: Preexisting Conditions Leading to Total Knee Arthroplasty 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Osteoarthritis 2.3 Osteonecrosis 2.4 Sickle Cell Disease 2.5 Chronic Kidney Disease 2.6 Crohn’s Disease 2.7 Human Immunodeficiency Virus References Chapter 3: Surgical Approach Comparison in Total Knee Arthroplasty 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Preservation of Anatomical Structures 3.3 Operative Comparisons 3.3.1 Length of Operation 3.3.2 Exposure and Visibility 3.4 Length of Hospital Stay 3.5 Postoperative Pain 3.5.1 Narcotic Use 3.6 Range of Motion 3.6.1 Time to Straight Leg Raise 3.6.2 Quadriceps Function 3.6.3 Knee Flexion 3.7 Other Notable Variables 3.7.1 Operability in Large Patients References Chapter 4: Perioperative Patient Care for Total Knee Arthroplasty 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Patient Education 4.3 Dietary Considerations 4.4 Preoperative Evaluation 4.5 Surgical Approach 4.6 Analgesia 4.7 Rehabilitation Program References Chapter 5: Complications of Total Knee Arthroplasty 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Neurovascular Injuries 5.3 Polyethylene Wear and Osteolysis 5.4 Metallosis After TKA 5.5 Infection 5.6 Joint Stiffness 5.7 Persistent Pain References Chapter 6: Ergonomics of Total Knee Arthroplasty 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Importance of Surgeon Ergonomics 6.3 Ergonomics of Total Knee Arthroplasty with Robotic Assistance 6.4 Ergonomics of Traditional Total Knee Arthroplasty 6.5 Managing/Improving Ergonomic Stress 6.6 Discussion 6.7 Summary References Chapter 7: Medical Improvement Suggestions for Total Knee Arthroplasty 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Improvements in Overall Surgical Approach 7.3 Improvements in the Comparison of Surgical Approaches 7.4 Improvements in Perioperative Care 7.5 Improvements with Post-surgical Complications 7.6 Improvements to the Ergonomics of Total Knee Arthroplasty 7.7 Summary References Chapter 8: Biomechanics of Total Knee Arthroplasty 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Implant Choice 8.3 Bone Quality 8.4 Patient Physiology 8.5 Surgical Factors 8.6 Biomechanical Constraint Characterization 8.7 Ligament Affects 8.7.1 Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 8.7.2 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) 8.7.3 Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) 8.7.4 Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) 8.8 Biomechanical Feature Clustering of Patients with Osteoarthritis 8.9 Conclusion and Future Work References Chapter 9: Robotics Applications in Total Knee Arthroplasty 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Semi-Active Systems 9.3 Active Robotic Systems 9.4 Unspecified Robotic Systems 9.5 Robotic-Assisted Gait Rehabilitation and Training Systems 9.6 Conclusion and Future Work References Chapter 10: Impact of Manufacturing on Total Knee Arthroplasty 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Manufacturer-Provided Surgical Implants for TKA 10.3 Impact of Polyethylene Manufacturing on TKA 10.4 TKA Implant Failure with Creep and Wear Issues 10.5 Impact of Advanced Manufacturing on TKA 10.6 Conclusions and Suggested Future Work References Chapter 11: Optimization Investigations on Total Knee Arthroplasty 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Numerical Optimization Results 11.3 Theoretical Constrained Mathematical Optimization Formulation for TKA Applications 11.4 Optimization of Patient Outcomes and Psychological Factors Impacting TKA Patients 11.4.1 Impact of Self-Efficacy on TKA Patients 11.4.2 Impact of Positiveness on TKA Patients 11.4.3 Impact of Vigor on TKA Patients 11.4.4 Impact of Vitality on TKA Patients 11.5 A Case Study: Power of Mind for Recovery 11.6 Conclusions and Suggested Future Research Directions References Chapter 12: Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning Applications in Total Knee Arthroplasty 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Preoperative Applications 12.3 Hospital Length of Stay After Revision TKAs 12.4 Diagnosis and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis 12.5 Predicting Postoperative Outcomes of TKA 12.6 AI Applications in Economics of TKA 12.7 ML Integration into Biomechanical Properties 12.8 ML Applications on TKA Rehabilitation 12.9 Psychological Factors and Regression Analysis 12.10 Other Considerations 12.11 Conclusions Suggestions and Future Work References Chapter 13: Advancing Engineering of Total Knee Arthroplasty 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Impact of Psychological Factors on TKA Patients’ Well-Being 13.3 Suppliers’ Material Quality and Manufacturers’ Production 13.4 AI-, DL-, and ML-Related TKA Improvements 13.5 Impact and Advancements of Robotics on TKA 13.6 TKA Implant Design and Optimization 13.7 Biomechanics Applications on TKA 13.8 Conclusion References Epilogue References Index