Wavelet-Based Vibration Control of Smart Buildings and Bridges

Description

Earthquakes, bridge collapses, and other natural disasters have dominated news coverage in the last few years. Aging infrastructure needs to be rehabilitated and new infrastructure needs to be designed differently. Presenting a highly innovative, modern approach verging on the futuristic, Wavelet-Based Vibration Control of Smart Buildings and Bridges discusses a new generation of building and bridge structures that not only withstands[generation is singular] the destructive effects of nature but is also impact and explosion resistant. Based on the groundbreaking work of Hojit Adeli, the book introduces the new mathematical concept of wavelets into the field of structural vibration control. It presents a new control algorithm for robust control of smart civil structures subjected to destructive environmental forces, such as earthquakes and wind. It then discusses a new hybrid control system, the hybrid tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) system. The new hybrid control system, which combines passive and semi-active control systems, is intended to achieve increased reliability and maximum operability of the control system during power failure and to eliminate the need for a larger power requirement. The great majority of papers published in this area of active structural vibration control deal with small or academic problems. The models in this book have been tested and their effectiveness evaluated extensively on small problems for the sake of comparison with other methods and results reported in the literature. The authors go one step further and apply them to realistic and large building and bridge structures to demonstrate the applicability of the new smart technology to large real-world civil structures. Balancing coverage between theory and application, the book demonstrates the benefits of the new smart technology in the design of structures that are safer and more sustainable. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Dedication Contents Preface Acknowledgment About the Authors Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Motivation and objectives 1.2. Overview of the book Chapter 2 Vibration Control of Structures 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Passive control of structures 2.2.1. Supplementary damper devices 2.2.2. Passive viscous fluid dampers 2.2.3. Tuned mass damper 2.2.4. Tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) 2.3. Active control of structures 2.4. Semi-active control of structures 2.4.1. Semi-active viscous fluid damper 2.4.2. Semi-active TLCD system 2.5. Hybrid control of structures 2.5.1. Steps Involved in the design and implementation of the hybrid damper-TLCD swystem 2.5.2. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the hybrid damper-TLCD system 2.6. Concluding Remarks Chapter 3 Wavelets 3.1. What is a wavelet? 3.2. Types of wavelets 3.3. Multiresolution analysis Chapter 4 Time-Frequency Signal Analysis of Earthquake Records 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) 4.3. Ground motions as a sequence of penny-shaped ruptures at different locations along the fault line 4.4. Selection of the basis wavelet function 4.5. Representing earthquake acceleration signals b wavelet scalograms 4.6. Concluding remarks Chapter 5 Feedback Control Algorithms 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Equations of motion 5.3. LQR control algorithm 5.3.1. Application to active tuned mass damper 5.4. LQG control algorithm 5.5. Shortcomings of classic control algorithms Chapter 6 Filtered-x LMS Algorithm 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Adaptive LMS filter 6.3. Filtered-x LMS control algorithm 6.4. Application to active tuned mass damper Chapter 7 Hybrid Feedback-LMS Algorithm 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Hybrid feedback-LMS algorithm 7.3. Application to active tuned mass damper 7.4. Concluding remarks Chapter 8 Wavelet-hybrid Feedback LMS Algorithm for Robust Control of Structures 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Wavelet transform as an effective filter for control problems 8.3. Wavelet-hybrid feedback LMS control algorithm 8.3.1. Application to active tuned mass damper 8.3.2. Application to an active mass driver (AMD) benchmark example structure 8.4. Concluding remarks Chapter 9 Hybrid Control of 3D Irregular Buildings under Seismic Excitation 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Analytical model 9.2.1. Coupled dynamic response of 3D irregular buildings 9.2.2. Dynamic equation of a TLCD system 9.2.3. Equation of motion for the combined building and TLCD system 9.3. Optimal control of 3D irregular buildings equipped with hybrid damper-TLCD system 9.4 Examples 9.5 Concluding remarks Chapter 10 Vibration Control of Highrise Buildings under Wind Loading 10.1. Introduction 10.2. 76-story benchmark building 10.3. Semi-active TLCD system 10.4. Hybrid damper-TLCD system 10.5. Stochastic wind loads Chapter 11 Vibration Control of Cable-Stayed Bridges 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Cable-stayed bridge benchmark problem 11.3. Numerical simulation 11.4. Sensitivity analysis 11.5. Concluding remarks Chapter 12 Conclusion – Toward a New Generation of Smart Building and Bridge Structures References Index