Groups: Process and Practice

Description

Learn to blend theory with practice in group work with Marianne, Gerald, and Cindy Corey's GROUPS: PROCESS AND PRACTICE. Focusing on the "what is" and the "how to" of group counseling, the authors use up-to-date examples, guidelines, insights, and an enhanced diversity perspective to show you how group leaders can apply the key concepts of the group process to a variety of groups. You'll receive practical guidance on working with groups of children, adolescents, and adults in both school settings and community settings. Many new activities encourage active learning, enabling you to see clinical applications come to life in the content that is covered. Also available: the MindTap online learning experience, which includes videos of group counseling sessions that further help to prepare you for professional practice. Cover......Page 1 Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 18 Part 1: Introduction: Basic Issues in Group Work......Page 26 Chapter 1: Introduction to Group Work: A Multicultural Perspective......Page 28 An Overview of Various Types of Groups......Page 29 Psychoeducational Groups......Page 30 Counseling Groups......Page 32 Psychotherapy Groups......Page 33 Brief Groups......Page 34 A Multicultural Perspective on Group Work......Page 35 Becoming a Culturally Skilled Group Counselor......Page 38 A Starting Place: Understanding Your Own Culture......Page 39 A Personal Perspective on Understanding Differences......Page 40 Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies......Page 41 Inviting Conversations About Culture With Group Members......Page 44 Introduction to Group Work: A Multicultural Perspective......Page 47 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 48 Chapter 2: The Group Counselor......Page 50 The Group Counselor as a Person......Page 51 Problems and Issues Facing Beginning Group Leaders......Page 52 Personal Characteristics of the Effective Group Leader......Page 53 Overview of Group Leadership Skills......Page 61 An Integrated View of Leadership Skills......Page 68 The Basis of Coleadership......Page 70 Advantages of the Coleadership Model......Page 72 Disadvantages of the Coleadership Model......Page 73 Developing a Research Orientation to Practice......Page 74 Research on Common Factors......Page 75 How Research Can Enhance Your Group Practice......Page 76 The Challenge of Combining Research and Practice......Page 77 Attitude Questionnaire on Group Leadership......Page 78 Questions for Discussion......Page 80 Chapter 3: Ethical and Legal Issues in Group Counseling......Page 82 Introduction......Page 83 Informed Consent......Page 85 Involuntary Membership......Page 86 Freedom to Withdraw From a Group......Page 87 Psychological Risks for Members......Page 88 Confidentiality......Page 91 Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Confidentiality......Page 92 Multicultural Dimensions of Confidentiality......Page 94 Confidentiality of Minors in Groups......Page 95 The Role of the Leader’s Values in the Group......Page 97 Dealing With Conflicts of Values......Page 98 The Ethical Imperative of Addressing Diversity in Group Counseling......Page 99 Values and Working With Diversity......Page 100 Ethics and Standards of Preparation and Practice......Page 101 Social Justice Approach to Group Counseling......Page 102 Special Issues Pertaining to Sexual Orientation......Page 104 Ethical Concerns in Using Group Techniques......Page 106 Competence as an Ongoing Developmental Process......Page 107 Professional Training Standards for Group Counselors......Page 108 Adjuncts to a Training Program......Page 109 Ethical Issues in Training Group Counselors......Page 110 Legal Liability and Malpractice......Page 115 Legal Safeguards for Group Practitioners......Page 116 Ethical and Legal Issues in Group Counseling......Page 118 In-Class Activities......Page 119 Questions for Discussion......Page 121 Chapter 4: Theories and Techniques of Group Counseling......Page 122 Introduction......Page 123 Our Theoretical Orientation......Page 124 Developing Your Own Theory of Group Practice......Page 129 Using Group Techniques Effectively......Page 130 Rationale for Use of Techniques......Page 131 Viewing a Group Through a Multicultural Lens......Page 132 Psychodynamic Approaches......Page 134 Psychoanalytic Approach......Page 135 The Adlerian Approach......Page 137 Experiential and Relationship-Oriented Approaches......Page 140 The Existential Approach......Page 141 The Person-Centered Approach......Page 143 Gestalt Therapy......Page 145 Psychodrama......Page 147 Cognitive Behavioral Approaches......Page 149 Behavior Therapy......Page 150 Cognitive Therapy......Page 152 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy......Page 155 Choice Theory/Reality Therapy......Page 156 Postmodern Approaches......Page 158 Solution-Focused Brief Therapy......Page 159 Narrative Therapy......Page 162 Motivational Interviewing......Page 164 Feminist Therapy......Page 165 An Integrative Approach......Page 168 Theories and Techniques of Group Counseling......Page 169 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 170 Part 2: Group Process: Stages of Development......Page 172 Chapter 5: Forming a Group......Page 174 Introduction......Page 175 Developing a Proposal for a Group......Page 176 Working Within the System......Page 177 Guidelines for Announcing a Group and Recruiting Group Members......Page 178 Screening and Selection Procedures......Page 179 Group Composition......Page 182 Frequency and Duration of Meetings......Page 183 Open Versus Closed Groups......Page 184 Orientation and Preparation of Members at a Pregroup Meeting......Page 186 Clarifying Leader and Member Expectations......Page 187 Establishing Basic Ground Rules......Page 188 Building Evaluation Into Group Work......Page 190 Coleader Issues on Forming a Group......Page 191 Leader Functions......Page 193 Interviewing......Page 194 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 195 Chapter 6: Initial Stage of a Group......Page 198 Some Early Concerns......Page 199 Initial Hesitation and Cultural Considerations......Page 200 Identifying and Exploring Common Fears of Group Members......Page 202 Hidden Agendas......Page 203 Address Conflict Early......Page 205 Self-Focus Versus Focus on Others......Page 206 Here-and-Now Focus Versus There-and-Then Focus......Page 207 Trust Versus Mistrust......Page 208 The Importance of Modeling......Page 209 Attitudes and Actions Leading to Trust......Page 212 Identifying and Clarifying Goals......Page 216 General Goals for Group Members......Page 217 Helping Members Define Personal Goals......Page 218 Group Norms......Page 219 Group Cohesion......Page 222 Support Versus Confrontation......Page 225 Guidelines for Creating Therapeutic Relationships With Members......Page 226 Helping Members Get the Most From a Group Experience......Page 227 Leader Guidelines for Members......Page 228 Avoid Too Much Structuring and Teaching......Page 232 Journal Writing as an Adjunct to Group Sessions......Page 233 Leader Issues at the Initial Stage......Page 235 Division of Responsibility......Page 236 Degree of Structuring......Page 237 Opening and Closing Group Sessions......Page 238 Member Functions......Page 242 Facilitation of Initial Stage of a Group......Page 243 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 244 Chapter 7: Transition Stage of a Group......Page 246 Introduction......Page 247 Establishing Trust......Page 248 Defensiveness and Reluctant Behavior......Page 250 A Critique of the Notion of Resistance......Page 252 Common Fears and Anxieties Experienced by Members......Page 254 Conflict......Page 258 Confrontation......Page 260 Challenges to the Group Leader......Page 262 The Leader’s Reactions to Defensive Behaviors......Page 263 Group Members Who Pose a Challenge for Leaders......Page 264 Silence and Lack of Participation......Page 266 Monopolistic Behavior......Page 268 Storytelling......Page 270 Questioning......Page 271 Giving Advice......Page 272 Dependency......Page 273 Hostile Behavior......Page 274 Acting Superior......Page 275 Socializing......Page 276 Intellectualizing......Page 277 Dealing With Defensive Behavior Therapeutically......Page 278 Dealing With Avoidance by the Whole Group......Page 281 Dealing With Transference and Countertransference......Page 284 Coleader Issues at the Transition Stage......Page 290 Member Functions......Page 291 Self-Assessment Scale for Group Members......Page 292 Scenarios for Exploration......Page 293 Challenges Facing Group Leaders......Page 295 Chapter 8: Working Stage of a Group......Page 298 Introduction......Page 299 Progressing to the Working Stage......Page 300 Interventions at the Initial Stage......Page 302 Interventions at the Transition Stage......Page 303 Interventions at the Working Stage......Page 304 Group Norms and Behavior......Page 305 Contrasts Between a Working Group and a Nonworking Group......Page 306 Deepening Trust During the Working Stage......Page 308 Choices to Be Made During the Working Stage......Page 311 Therapeutic Factors That Operate in a Group......Page 314 Self-Disclosure and the Group Member......Page 315 Self-Disclosure and the Group Leader......Page 317 Feedback......Page 320 Confrontation......Page 322 Cohesion and Universality......Page 323 Willingness to Risk and to Trust......Page 325 Caring and Acceptance......Page 326 Catharsis......Page 327 The Cognitive Component......Page 328 Commitment to Change......Page 329 Humor......Page 330 Coleader Issues During the Working Stage......Page 331 Topics for Coleader Meetings......Page 332 Working Stage Characteristics......Page 333 Leader Functions......Page 334 Member’s Weekly Evaluation of a Group......Page 335 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 336 Chapter 9: Final Stage of a Group......Page 338 Introduction......Page 339 Tasks of the Final Stage of a Group: Consolidation of Learning......Page 340 Termination of the Group Experience......Page 341 Group Proposals Illustrate Ending of a Group......Page 343 Dealing With Feelings of Separation......Page 344 Comparing Early and Later Perceptions in the Group......Page 345 Personal Gestures in Expressing the Meaning of a Group Experience......Page 346 Reviewing the Group Experience......Page 347 Carrying Learning Further......Page 348 Giving and Receiving Feedback......Page 349 Use of a Contract and Homework......Page 350 Dealing With Setbacks......Page 351 Guidelines for Applying Group Learning to Life......Page 352 Evaluation of the Group Experience......Page 353 Coleader Issues as the Group Ends......Page 354 Postgroup Sessions......Page 355 Member Functions......Page 357 Final Stage of a Group......Page 358 Questions for Discussion......Page 359 Guide to Groups in Action: Evolution and Challenges DVD and Workbook......Page 360 Part 3: Application of Group Process to Schools and Community Agency Settings......Page 362 Chapter 10: Groups in School Settings......Page 364 Group Counseling in the School Setting......Page 365 Legal Considerations......Page 367 Practical Considerations......Page 368 Strategies in the Group......Page 369 Personal and Professional Qualifications......Page 372 Play Therapy in Group Work With Children and Adolescents......Page 373 Group Proposals: A School Counseling Group for 6- to 11-Year-Olds......Page 375 Group Proposals: A Group for Elementary School Children of Divorce and Changing Families......Page 379 Group Proposals: A Group for Children Who Have Been Abused......Page 384 Developmental Themes of Adolescence......Page 390 Developmental Group Counseling With Adolescents......Page 391 Establishing Trust......Page 392 Know Your Comfort Zone With Self-Disclosure......Page 393 Group Proposal: Teens Making a Change (T-MAC): A Group for Preventing Teen Delinquency......Page 394 Helping Adolescents Deal With Anger and Conflict......Page 398 Group Proposal: A High School Anger Management Group......Page 399 Common Topics in College Groups......Page 401 Some Groups for College Students......Page 402 Groups Designed for School Settings......Page 403 In-Class Activities......Page 404 Chapter 11: Groups in Community Settings......Page 406 Group Work With Women......Page 407 Group Proposal: A Women’s Support Group for Survivors of Incest......Page 408 Group Work With Men......Page 412 Group Proposal: A Men’s Group in a Community Agency......Page 413 Group Treatment of Domestic Violence Offenders......Page 416 Group Proposal: An Involuntary Domestic Violence Group......Page 417 Group Treatment for People With Substance Use Disorders......Page 419 Group Proposal: A Substance Use Disorder Treatment Group Using the Payoff Matrix......Page 421 Attitudes, Knowledge, and Skills of Leaders......Page 423 Preparing Yourself to Work With Older Adults......Page 424 Guidelines for the Group Process......Page 425 Group Proposal: A Successful Aging Group......Page 427 The Therapeutic Value of Grief Work in Groups......Page 432 Group Proposal: An Older Adult Bereavement Group......Page 434 Group Proposal: A Group Treatment Program for Institutionalized Older Adults......Page 440 In-Class Activities......Page 444 References and Suggested Readings......Page 446 Name Index......Page 458 Subject Index......Page 461