Animal Rationality: Later Medieval Theories 1250–1350

Description

Animal Rationality: Later Medieval Theories 1250–1350......Page 3 Copyright......Page 4 Dedication......Page 5 Contents......Page 7 Preface......Page 11 Introduction......Page 15 1 What are and Why Study Later Medieval Theories of Animal Rationality?......Page 19 2 How to Study Later Medieval Theories?......Page 26 3 Structure and Key Questions......Page 30 Part 1 Animals and Rationality in the Middle Ages......Page 33 Introduction to Part 1......Page 34 4 The Role of Animals in the Middle Ages......Page 35 5 Animal Souls and Sensory Cognition......Page 42 6 Human Souls and the Triad of Intellectual Operations......Page 50 7 Grey Areas......Page 58 Part 2 Universal Cognition and Concept Formation......Page 65 Introduction to Part 2......Page 66 8 Estimation, Conceptualisation, and Categorisation (Thomas Aquinas)......Page 71 9 Intentions and Quiddities (Albertus Magnus)......Page 84 10 Elevated Intentions and Common Forms (Pseudo-Peter of Spain)......Page 92 11 Vague Particulars as Universals (Roger Bacon)......Page 96 12 Universal Desire and Experience (John Buridan)......Page 102 13 General Mental Representations (Peter of John Olivi)......Page 109 Part 3 Judging......Page 113 Introduction to Part 3......Page 114 14 The Idea of Sensory Judgments......Page 116 15 Natural Judgments (Thomas Aquinas)......Page 120 16 Erroneous Judgments and Differences in Estimation (Albertus Magnus)......Page 126 17 Reflective and Experimental Judgments (Peter of John Olivi, John Buridan)......Page 130 18 The Ascription of Judgments and the Problem of Anthropomorphism (William of Ockham, Adam Wodeham, Gregory of Rimini)......Page 135 Part 4 Reasoning......Page 145 Introduction to Part 4......Page 146 19 Quasi-Reasoning (Thomas Aquinas, Gregory of Rimini, John Duns Scotus)......Page 148 20 Quasi-Reasoning and Cogitation (Roger Bacon)......Page 156 21 Imperfect Argumentations and Practical Syllogisms (Albertus Magnus)......Page 164 22 Material Souls and Degrees of Reasoning (John Buridan, Nicole Oresme)......Page 170 Part 5: Prudence......Page 177 Introduction to Part 5......Page 178 23 Memory vs. Recollection (Albertus Magnus)......Page 182 24 Incomplete and Complete Memory (Thomas Aquinas, Roger Bacon)......Page 189 25 Foresight and Provision (Albertus Magnus, Bonaventure)......Page 192 26 Quasi-Foresight and Quasi-Hope (Thomas Aquinas)......Page 197 27 Operating for and towards the Future (Roger Bacon, Peter of John Olivi)......Page 203 28 Imperfect or Particular Prudence (Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquinas)......Page 207 29 Prudence by Analogy (Giles of Rome, John Duns Scotus)......Page 213 Part 6 Rationality without Reason?......Page 217 Introduction to Part 6......Page 218 30 Medieval and Contemporary Theories: The Differences......Page 220 31 Medieval and Contemporary Theories: The Commonalities......Page 223 32 Towards a Classification: Differentialist and Assimilationist Explanations......Page 231 33 Room for Rationality or Rationality without Reason......Page 241 Conclusion......Page 248 Bibliography......Page 253 Index of Names......Page 278 Index of Subjects......Page 280