Practising Spanish Grammar

Description

Cover......Page 1 Half Title......Page 2 Series......Page 3 Title......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Contents......Page 6 Preface to the first edition......Page 18 Preface to the third edition......Page 20 Note to the fourth edition......Page 21 Acknowledgements......Page 22 1.2 General exercise (2) 1......Page 24 1.4 Words with two genders (1) 1......Page 25 1.5 Words with two genders (2) 2/3......Page 26 1.7 Nouns ending in –ma 2/3......Page 27 1.10 Gender of compound nouns 2/3......Page 28 1.13 Spanish plural for English singular and vice versa 2......Page 29 2.3 The article with names of countries and towns 1/2......Page 31 2.5 General exercise on the definite article 2......Page 32 2.6 The indefinite article after a verb 2......Page 33 2.8 Use and omission of the definite article 2......Page 34 2.10 Use and omission of the definite and indefinite article (1) 2/3......Page 35 2.11 Use and omission of the definite and indefinite article (2) 3......Page 36 3.3 Colour adjectives 2/3......Page 37 3.5 –ísimo forms 1......Page 38 3.7 Adjectives formed from nouns (relational adjectives) 3......Page 39 3.9 Adjective position (1) 2/3......Page 40 3.12 Adjective position: bueno, malo, grande, pequeño 3......Page 41 3.13 Adjectives whose meaning varies according to position 3......Page 42 4.2 Más grande/mayor, más pequeño/menor 2......Page 43 4.3 Más/menos que or más/menos de? 1......Page 44 4.5 Constructing comparisons of quantity with a clause 2/3......Page 45 4.6 Superlative of adjectives 1......Page 46 4.8 ‘The more . . . the more/the less . . . the less . . .’ 1......Page 47 4.10 Tan and tanto 1......Page 48 4.12 General exercise (2) 2/3......Page 49 5.2 Equivalence with English 2......Page 50 5.3 Demonstrative or article? 1/2......Page 51 6.2 Translation of ‘how’ by lo 1/2......Page 52 6.4 Lo as a neuter pronoun 1......Page 53 6.5 Lo, lo que, lo de 2/3......Page 54 6.8 General exercise (2) 1/2......Page 55 7.2 Use of the definite article in place of a possessive 1......Page 57 7.4 The definite article with the long possessive form 2......Page 58 7.5 General exercise 2/3......Page 59 8.1 Numbers in full written (or spoken) form 2/3......Page 60 8.4 Cien or ciento? 2......Page 61 8.6 Advanced number expressions 2/3......Page 62 9.2 The voseo 3......Page 63 9.3 Degrees of familiarity: tú and usted 3......Page 65 9.5 Pronouns after prepositions (2) 1/2......Page 66 9.7 Reflexive pronouns with prepositions 2/3......Page 67 9.9 Order of object pronouns 1/2......Page 68 9.11 Position with the gerund and past participles 1......Page 69 9.12 Position of the pronoun in double verb constructions (1) 2/3......Page 70 9.13 Position of the pronoun in double verb constructions (2) 3......Page 71 9.15 ‘Redundant’ or reduplicative object pronouns (1) 2......Page 72 9.17 General exercise (2) 2......Page 73 9.18 Le/les and se for le/les when followed by lo/la/los/las 1......Page 74 9.20 General exercise (3) 3......Page 75 9.21 Use with certain verbs 3......Page 76 10.3 Radical­changing verbs 1/2......Page 77 10.4 Verb­form crossword (general exercise) 3......Page 78 10.5 Irregular verbs: preterites 1......Page 79 10.7 Irregular verbs: positive imperatives 1......Page 80 10.8 The present subjunctive 1/2......Page 81 10.10 Voseo forms 3......Page 82 10.11 General exercise on verb forms 2/3......Page 83 11.1 The present tense 2......Page 84 11.4 The preterite and the imperfect (1) 1/2......Page 85 11.6 The preterite and the imperfect (3) 2......Page 86 11.7 Future tense (1) 2/3......Page 87 11.8 Future tense (2) 2/3......Page 88 11.9 Suppositional future 1/2......Page 89 11.11 The conditional: use of the conditional in conditional contexts 1/2......Page 90 11.13 Compound tenses (1) 1......Page 91 11.15 The past tenses (1) 2......Page 92 11.17 The past tenses (3) 2......Page 93 11.18 The past tenses (4) 2/3......Page 95 11.19 The perfect tense in Latin America 3......Page 96 11.20 The –ra verb form 3......Page 98 12.2 Verbs of influence (1) 2......Page 99 12.3 Verbs of influence (2) 2......Page 100 12.5 Infinitive and full clause 2/3......Page 101 12.6 Verbs of permitting and forbidding 2......Page 102 12.8 Sería . . . que . . . 2......Page 103 12.9 Expressing doubt, fear, and hope 2......Page 104 12.10 General exercises on statements, assumptions, and value judgements 3......Page 105 12.11 Negative main clause + que 2/3......Page 106 12.12 Indirect negative questions and negated imperatives 2/3......Page 107 12.14 ‘The fact that . . .’ 2......Page 108 12.16 Verbs with a double meaning (2) 3......Page 109 12.17 Purpose, cause, manner, and result 2......Page 110 12.20 Time 2......Page 111 12.22 Subordinators other than si (1) 2......Page 112 12.23 Subordinators other than si (2) 2/3......Page 113 12.25 The subjunctive in relative clauses (2) 3......Page 114 12.27 The subjunctive to express wishes 2/3......Page 115 12.29 General exercise on the subjunctive (2) 3......Page 116 13.2 The tú and vosotros imperatives (2) 1/2......Page 118 13.3 Imperatives with object pronouns 2......Page 119 13.5 The vos imperative 3......Page 120 13.6 Latin American and peninsular usage 2......Page 121 13.8 Third person imperatives 2......Page 122 13.9 The infinitive used as an imperative 1......Page 123 14.1 Infinitive governed by a verb 2......Page 124 14.3 Verbs of perception 2......Page 125 14.5 Choice between infinitive and que + finite verb 2......Page 126 14.7 Adjective + de + infinitive 2......Page 127 14.9 Forms (2) 2/3......Page 128 14.12 Forms 1/2......Page 129 14.13 Use 3......Page 130 14.16 Adverbial use of the gerund 3......Page 131 14.18 Verbs with the gerund (1) 2/3......Page 132 14.20 Translating English ‘–ing’ (1) 2......Page 133 14.21 Translating English ‘–ing’ (2) 3......Page 134 15.2 Pudo, no pudo/podía, no podía? 2......Page 135 15.4 The imperfect of poder used for reproaching 2......Page 136 15.5 Poder used in speculations and suggestions 3......Page 137 15.7 Haber que and tener que 2......Page 138 15.9 ‘Usually’ 2......Page 139 16.2 Personal a before pronouns 1......Page 141 16.4 General exercise on the use of personal a 2......Page 142 17.2 General exercise 2......Page 144 17.4 Ninguno, nada, and nadie 1/2......Page 145 17.6 Nomás 3......Page 146 18.2 Que and qué 1/2......Page 147 18.4 ¡Qué – más/tan – ! 1......Page 148 18.5 Translating ‘how’ 2/3......Page 149 19.3 Remote conditions (2) 1/2......Page 150 19.5 Unfulfilled conditions (2) 2/3......Page 151 19.6 Remote and unfulfilled conditions (1) 2......Page 152 19.8 General exercise on conditional sentences 2/3......Page 153 19.10 Other ways of expressing conditions (2) 3......Page 154 20.1 Making reciprocal meaning clear 2......Page 155 20.2 Translation of ‘–self’ 3......Page 156 20.4 Pronominal and non­pronominal forms of the same verb 3......Page 157 20.5 Optional and obligatory reflexive pronouns 3......Page 158 20.6 Rendering pronominal nuances in English 3......Page 159 ‘Passive’ and ‘impersonal’ uses of the third person reflexive......Page 160 20.9 Definite or indefinite subject? 3......Page 161 20.10 Use of se 2/3......Page 162 21.2 Verbs expressing the notion of ‘becoming’ (2) 2......Page 164 21.4 Special verbs meaning ‘becoming’ (2) 2/3......Page 165 21.5 Translation of English ‘become’ 3......Page 166 22.3 Translation of the English passive 2/3......Page 167 22.5 Ser/estar + past participle 2/3......Page 168 22.7 Other impersonal constructions 2/3......Page 169 22.8 The ‘passive’ meaning of the infinitive 2......Page 170 23.2 Haber and estar in contrast 1......Page 171 23.4 Sentences involving both ser and estar 2......Page 172 23.5 General exercise (1) 2......Page 173 23.7 General exercise (3) 2/3......Page 174 23.8 Ser de and estar de 2......Page 175 23.10 Ser and estar with expressions of location 2......Page 176 23.12 Ser and estar with adjectives (2): change of condition 2......Page 177 24.3 Avoiding adverbs in –mente 2......Page 179 24.5 Aun and aún 2......Page 180 24.7 Luego and entonces 2/3......Page 181 24.9 Ya 2/3......Page 182 24.10 Adverbial phrases of manner 2/3......Page 183 25.2 Time phrases expressing duration (2) 2......Page 184 25.4 Desde, desde que, and desde hace 1......Page 185 25.6 General exercise (2) 2/3......Page 186 25.9 Verbal constructions expressing notions of time 2......Page 187 26.2 Sino and sino que 3......Page 188 26.4 Que, qué, or de qué? 2......Page 189 26.7 Como, porque, así que 1......Page 190 26.9 Aunque, a pesar de que, por . . . que 3......Page 191 26.10 Substitutes for si 3......Page 192 26.12 General exercise 3......Page 193 27.2 Idiomatic expressions with a and en 3......Page 195 27.4 Discrimination of por and para: general 2......Page 196 27.5 Place and time 2/3......Page 197 27.7 Verbs followed by por or para 3......Page 198 27.8 General exercise 3......Page 199 27.11 Tras 2......Page 200 27.13 Prepositional phrases 2/3......Page 201 27.14 Multiple choice exercise 1/2......Page 202 28.3 Relative clauses 1/2......Page 204 28.5 Discrimination of lo que/cual, el que/cual, etc. 2......Page 205 28.7 Donde, adonde, de donde, como, and cuando as relatives 1/2......Page 206 29.2 Use of el de, el que, etc. 2......Page 208 29.4 The cleft sentence construction 2/3......Page 209 29.6 ‘That’s why’ 2......Page 210 29.7 Verb form agreement 2/3......Page 211 30.2 Word order in questions 2......Page 212 30.4 Word order with adverbs (1) 2......Page 213 30.6 Word order in relative clauses 2......Page 214 30.7 Set phrases 3......Page 215 31.3 Forms 1......Page 216 31.5 Some recent augmentative forms 3......Page 217 31.8 General exercise 1......Page 218 32.1 Accents 1/2......Page 219 32.3 Use of upper and lower case letters 2......Page 220 32.5 Question and exclamation marks 1/2......Page 221 33.2 Close test (2) 2......Page 222 33.3 Multiple choice (1) 2......Page 223 33.4 Multiple choice (2) 2/3......Page 224 33.5 Spot the mistakes (1) 2/3......Page 225 33.6 Spot the mistakes (2) 3......Page 226 Glossary of grammatical terms......Page 227 Key to the exercises......Page 237