Power System Dynamics: Stability and Control

Description

An authoritative guide to the most up-to-date information on power system dynamics The revised third edition of Power System Dynamics and Stability contains a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of information on the topic. The third edition continues the successful approach of the first and second editions by progressing from simplicity to complexity. It places the emphasis first on understanding the underlying physical principles before proceeding to more complex models and algorithms. The book is illustrated by a large number of diagrams and examples. The third edition of Power System Dynamics and Stability explores the influence of wind farms and virtual power plants, power plants inertia and control strategy on power system stability. The authors―noted experts on the topic―cover a range of new and expanded topics including:  Wide-area monitoring and control systems. Improvement of power system stability by optimization of control systems parameters. Impact of renewable energy sources on power system dynamics. The role of power system stability in planning of power system operation and transmission network expansion. Real regulators of synchronous generators and field tests. Selectivity of power system protections at power swings in power system. Criteria for switching operations in transmission networks. Influence of automatic control of a tap changing step-up transformer on the power capability area of the generating unit. Mathematical models of power system components such as HVDC links, wind and photovoltaic power plants.  Data of sample (benchmark) test systems. Power System Dynamics: Stability and Control, Third Edition is an essential resource for students of electrical engineering and for practicing engineers and researchers who need the most current information available on the topic. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents About the Authors List of Symbols & Abbreviations Part I Introduction to Power Systems Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Stability and Control of a Dynamic System 1.2 Classification of Power System Dynamics 1.3 Two Pairs of Important Quantities 1.4 Stability of a Power System 1.5 Security of a Power System Chapter 2 Power System Components 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Reliability of Supply 2.1.2 Supplying Electrical Energy of Good Quality 2.1.3 Economic Generation and Transmission 2.1.4 Environmental Issues 2.2 Structure of the Electric Power System 2.2.1 Generation 2.2.2 Transmission 2.2.3 Distribution 2.2.4 Demand 2.3 Generating Units 2.3.1 Synchronous Generators 2.3.2 Exciters and Automatic Voltage Regulators 2.3.2.1 Excitation Systems 2.3.2.2 Automatic Voltage Regulators 2.3.3 Turbines and Their Governing Systems 2.3.3.1 Steam Turbines 2.3.3.2 Gas Turbines 2.3.3.3 Combined Cycle Gas Turbines 2.3.3.4 Hydro Turbines 2.3.3.5 Turbine Governing Systems 2.3.3.6 Turbine Characteristics 2.3.3.7 Governor Control Functions 2.4 Substations 2.5 Transmission and Distribution Network 2.5.1 Overhead Lines and Underground Cables 2.5.2 Transformers 2.5.2.1 Tap-changing Transformers 2.5.2.2 Phase Shifting Transformers 2.5.3 Shunt and Series Elements 2.5.3.1 Shunt Elements 2.5.3.2 Series Elements 2.5.4 FACTS Devices 2.5.4.1 Static VAR Compensator 2.5.4.2 Static Compensator 2.5.4.3 Energy Storage System 2.5.4.4 Thyristor-Controlled Braking Resistor 2.5.4.5 Series Compensators 2.5.4.6 Thyristor-controlled Phase Angle Regulator 2.5.4.7 Unified Power Flow Controller 2.6 Protection 2.6.1 Protection of Transmission Lines 2.6.2 Protection of Transformers 2.6.3 Protection of Busbars 2.6.4 Protection of Generating Units 2.7 Wide Area Measurement Systems Chapter 3 The Power System in the Steady State 3.1 Transmission Lines 3.1.1 Line Equations and the π-equivalent Circuit 3.1.2 Performance of the Transmission Line 3.1.2.1 Real Power Transmission 3.1.2.2 Reactive Power Considerations 3.1.3 Underground Cables 3.2 Transformers 3.2.1 Equivalent Circuit 3.2.2 Off-nominal Transformation Ratio 3.3 Synchronous Generators 3.3.1 Round-rotor Machines 3.3.1.1 The Generator on No Load 3.3.1.2 Armature Reaction and the Air-gap Flux 3.3.1.3 Equivalent Circuit and the Phasor Diagram 3.3.1.4 The Torque Creation Mechanism 3.3.2 Salient-pole Machines 3.3.2.1 Phasor Diagram and the Equivalent Circuit 3.3.2.2 The d- and q-axis Armature Coils 3.3.2.3 Torque in the Salient-pole Machine 3.3.3 Synchronous Generator as a Power Source 3.3.3.1 Equivalent Circuit of the Generator-transformer Unit 3.3.3.2 Real and Reactive Power of the Generator-transformer Unit 3.3.4 Reactive Power Capability Curve of a Round-rotor Generator 3.3.5 Voltage-reactive Power Capability Characteristic V(Q) 3.3.5.1 If