Templar Families: Landowning Families and the Order of the Temple in France, C. 1120-1307

Description

Founded in c. 1120, in the aftermath of the First Crusade in Jerusalem, the Order of the Temple was a Christian brotherhood dedicated to the military protection of pilgrims and the Holy Land, attracting followers and supporters throughout Christian Europe. This detailed study explores the close relationship between the Order of the Temple and the landowning families it relied upon for support. Focussing on the regions of Burgundy, Champagne and Languedoc, Jochen Schenk investigates the religious expectations that guided noble and knightly families to found and support Templar communities in the European provinces, and examines the social dynamics and mechanisms that tied these families to each other. The book illustrates the close connection between the presence of Cistercians and the incidence of crusading within Templar family networks, and offers new insights into how collective identities and memory were shaped through ritual and tradition among medieval French-speaking social elites. Cover TEMPLAR FAMILIES SERIES Title Copyright CONTENTS MAPS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION HISTORIOGRAPHY METHODOLOGY THE SOURCES STRUCTURE Chapter 1: TEMPLAR FAMILIES ENDOWMENTS AND TRANSACTIONS Donations Business transactions LAY ASSOCIATION WITH THE TEMPLE Confraternity The donat Milites ad terminum Chapter 2: THE RELIGIOUS CONTEXT OF TEMPLAR SUPPORT TEMPLAR SUPPORT AMONG THE SECULAR CLERGY Bishops and church officials from Templar families TEMPLAR FAMILIES AND CÎTEAUX The Cistercian legacy in the Temple Templar families and the Cistercians in Burgundy and Champagne Templar families and the Cistercians in Languedoc TEMPLAR FAMILIES AND THE CHURCH: INVOLVEMENT BEYOND CÎTEAUX THE RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS OF TEMPLAR FAMILIES: VARIETY AND PREFERENCE Chapter 3: TEMPLARS AND FAMILIES THE INTENSITY OF FAMILY INVOLVEMENT The impact of heresy and the Albigensian crusades Evidence for early long-term involvement in Burgundy and Champagne A Templar family: the lords of Grancey THE SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSACTIONS The laudatio Transactions as ‘social glue’ The Templars as lords and neighbours FRIENDSHIP AND FEUDAL NETWORKS The influence of the Trencavels A lordship and friendship network in Burgundy A lordship and friendship network in Comminges Templars in the network Chapter 4: FAMILY NETWORKS THE ROLE OF WOMEN NETWORKS IN EXISTENCE The network of Comminges Burgundian–Champenois networks Chapter 5: CRUSADING AND ITS LEGACY IN TEMPLAR FAMILIES COMMUNICATING THE IDEAL: POPULAR PERCEPTION OF THE TEMPLE AS A CRUSADING INSTITUTION The influence of Bernard of Clairvaux Papal and episcopal promotion Popular awareness of the military role of the Temple THE CRUSADING CONTEXT OF TEMPLAR SUPPORT Preparing for the Journey Desire for the Holy Land On crusade RETURNING FROM CRUSADE Spiritual awareness Gratitude Memory and obligations THE CRUSADING LEGACY IN TEMPLAR FAMILIES THE CORRELATION BETWEEN CRUSADING AND TEMPLAR SUPPORT The crusading legacy: six examples TEMPLAR AND CRUSADER NETWORKS CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY ARCHIVAL SOURCES PRINTED SOURCES SECONDARY LITERATURE Appendix: GENEALOGIES (a) Burgundy and Champagne Baudement and Dreux Broyes–Châteauvillain–Rethel Chacenay, Arcis(-sur-Aube), Bar(-sur-Seine) Grancey Mello Mont-Saint-Jean and Charny Noyers, Pierre-Perthuis, Bar(-sur-Seine) Tilchâtel (b) Languedoc Aspet Aure Comminges Martres and Tersac INDEX Cross-referencing convention Notes on the order of entries Abbreviations