An Overview of Coal based Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technology

Description

Ola Maurstad, MIT Laboratory for Energy and the Environment, 2005. — 49 p.The integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) produces electricity from a solid or liquid fuel. First, the fuel is converted to syngas which is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide Second, the syngas is converted to electricity in a combined cycle power block consisting of a gas turbine process and a steam turbine process which includes a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG).Contents Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Introduction Classification of gasifiers GCC process description Performance without CO2 capture Efficiency Availability Environmental performance Key IGCC technology issues Maturity Performance with CO2 capture Process description for IGCC with CO2 capture Efficiency Maturity GCC related research and improvement potential Research and development areas Improvement potential Major IGCC Blocks and Components Gasification Classification of gasifiers The Shell and GE gasifiers Gas clean up Chemical components of raw syngas Syngas quenching Syngas coolers cle removal Shift Sulfur removal CO2 capture Air separation Gas turbines NOx emissions from gas turbines Gas turbines on syngas Compressor surge limitation Gas turbine torque limitation Turbine inlet temperature and material lifetime Gas turbines on hydrogen as only fuel GCC System Issues Gasification and coal quality ntegration of the gas turbine and the air separation unit What is meant by integration? What are the benefits of integration? Why may integration be problematic? Maximizing power or efficiency? Conclusions about maximum power or efficiency References Appendix Lower vs. higher heating value Energy penalties and efficiency penalty Various losses and net electricity generated