History of Technology Volume 9: Volume 9, 1984

Description

The technical problems confronting different societies and periods, and the measures taken to solve them form the concern of this annual collection of essays. Volumes contain technical articles ranging widely in subject, time and region, as well as general papers on the history of technology. In addition to dealing with the history of technical discovery and change, History of Technology also explores the relations of technology to other aspects of life -- social, cultural and economic -- and shows how technological development has shaped, and been shaped by, the society in which it occurred. Cover Half-title Title Copyright Contents Preface The Origins of Alloy Steels Introduction The First Industrial Alloy Steel Early Work Steel Production Ferro-Alloys Defence and Offence Nickel Steels Structural Steels Sir Robert Hadfield and his Work Electrical and Magnetic Materials Corrosion- and Heat-Resisting Steels Tool Steels—Further Progress Summary Appendix 1 Notes and References Bibliography A Fourteenth-Century Pile Driver: the Engin of the Bridge at Orleans Notes Rail Stresses, Impact Loading and Steam Locomotive Design Introduction Evolution of the Machine-Ensemble Scientific Investigation of Rail Working by Locomotives The Urbana Investigations of the Impact Loading of Rail Investigations of Wheel Lift and Engine Balancing Rail-Stress Measurements and Locomotive Counterbalancing Rail Section 1940-50 The Reduction of Rail Stress and Locomotive Design Conclusion Notes and References Giovanni Francesco Sitoni, an Hydraulic Engineer of the Renaissance Introduction The Man and His Work The Codex Pseudo-Juanelo Turriano Sitoni Notes Information on Engineering in the Works of Muslim Geographers Notes The Second-Century Romano-British Watermill at Ickham, Kent Introduction The Site and its Ground Conditions A Note on Terminology Structural Analysis—Support of the Machinery and Millstones Structural Analysis—the Floors and Walls The Roof Possible Extensions to the Mill Further Speculations The South-West Structure Summary of the Building History Dating of the Mill The Fourth-Century Watermill The Millstones and Querns Conclusions Acknowledgements Appendix Notes and References The Gas Engine in British Agriculture, c. 1870-1925 Introduction Early Use of Power on Farms The Gas Engine Gas Engines on Farms Conclusions Acknowledgement Notes The Contributors Contents of Former Volumes