Tricolor and Crescent: France and the Islamic World (Perspectives on the Twentieth Century)

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For 1,400 years, France has been in contact with Islam and Muslim populations. This study explores their long relationship and history, examining in particular the expansion and contraction of France's Islamic Empire throughout the 20th century. This modern empire essentially consisted of conquered territories inhabited by Muslims and administered by Frenchmen. Thus far, France has avoided a September 11-type terrorist attack despite the intra-country presence of Muslim terrorist groups like the Roubaix gang and Bin Laden's al-Qa'ida. Other Western countries can learn a great deal from France's long and varied experiences. Watson addresses the origins of Franco-Muslim contact and details early cases of French expansion into the Islamic world. The bulk of the book, however, focuses on the creation of the modern French Empire in Saharan and Sudannic Africa, as well as in Syria and the Lebanese Mandates, during the New Imperialism of the 19th and 20th centuries. Features include a selection of pertinent documents that illustrate the extent of French involvement with the Islamic world. Contents Series Foreword Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Three Legacies: Charles Martel, the Crusades, and Napoleon 2. The Sahara and the Legion 3. France, the Muslims, and the Eastern Mediterranean through World War I 4. French Colonization in the Islamic World through the Interwar Years 5. World War II, the Arabs, and the Empire 6. The Beginning of the End of the French Islamic Empire 7. The Algerian Crisis 8. The Aftermath of Empire Documents I. AL-MAQQARI ON THE ITINERARY OF THE EIGHTH-CENTURY MUSLIM INVASIONS OF THE FRANKISH KINGDOM II. DIFFERING ACCOUNTS OF THE BATTLE OF TOURS (732) A. Latin Chronicles B. Arabic Chronicles C. Edward Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: III. THE CRUSADES A. Robert the Monk, Urban's Appeal for Crusaders: B. Jean de Joinville, on the perils of crusading in Egypt, from La Vie de Saint Louis: C. Stephen Runciman, on the demise of the crusader states, A History of the Crusades: IV. NAPOLEON IN EGYPT V. BOURMONT'S ULTIMATUM TO THE DEY OF ALGIERS VI. GUIZOT ON ALGERIA: 'ABD AL-QADIR, BUGEAUD, AND THE DUC D'AUMALE VII. NINETEENTH-CENTURY JUSTIFICATIONS OF EMPIRE A. Jules Ferry, Speech before the Chamber of Deputies: B. Gabriel Charmes, in Journal des Debats: C. General Thomas R. Bugeaud, Letter to General Charon: D. General Louis H. G. Lyautey, Morocco in 1913: VIII. CROMER ON THE ANGLO-FRENCH RIVALRY IN THE MIDDLE EAST A. Differences between the British and French Imperial Styles in the Orient B. THE ANGLO-FRENCH AGREEMENT OF 1904 IX. THE ALGECIRAS CONVENTION X. THE SYKES-PICOT AGREEMENT 1. Sir Edward Grey to Paul Cambon, 15 May 1916 2. Sir Edward Grey to Paul Cambon, 16 May 1916 XI. THE KING-CRANE COMMISSION XII. CLEMENCEAU ON THE TURKISH EMPIRE XIII. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MANDATES XIV. THE INDEPENDENCE OF MOROCCO XV. THE ÉVIAN ACCORDS (1962) Notes Series Foreword Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 6 Chapter 8 Bibliography THE ERA OF THE MUSLIM INVASIONS OF FRANCE THE PERIOD OF THE CRUSADES THROUGH THE ERA OF NAPOLEON THE EMPIRE AND THE "EASTERN QUESTION" THROUGH WORLD WAR I ISLAMIC AFRICA THROUGH WORLD WAR II THE MANDATES ISLAMIC AFRICA THROUGH INDEPENDENCE THE ERA OF THE COLD WAR CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS Index Пустая страница