Learn to Program with Scratch: A Visual Introduction to Programming with Art, Science, Math and Games

Description

Scratch is a fun, beginner-friendly programming environment popular in schools around the world. Its playful, intuitive interface uses colorful programming blocks and cartoon sprites to make real programming more approachable.Learn to Program with Scratchshows just how much you can do with Scratch and teaches you essential, universal programming concepts along the way. InLearn to Program with Scratch, author Majed Marji takes you on a tour through Scratch's surprisingly powerful features to teach programming concepts like procedures, variables, loops, recursion, decision making, and lists. You will use your new-found skills to create science simulations, math projects, and even some fun arcade games! Each chapter offers a summary and practice exercises at the end to make sure the lessons stick. Scratch is an incredibly fun and easy language to learn, plus you can do some seriously potent programming with it. Learn to Program with Scratch will help you get the most out of Scratch and begin your journey into the world of programming. About the Technical Reviewer......Page 7 Acknowledgments......Page 17 Introduction......Page 19 Features......Page 20 Organization of This Text......Page 21 Errata and Updates......Page 22 Chapter 1: Getting Started......Page 23 What Is Scratch?......Page 24 Scratch Programming Environment......Page 25 try it out 1-3......Page 27 The Stage......Page 26 Blocks Tab......Page 28 Scripts Area......Page 29 try it out 1-5......Page 30 Costumes Tab......Page 31 Sounds Tab......Page 32 Backdrops Tab......Page 33 Toolbar......Page 34 Setting the Center of an Image......Page 35 Setting Transparent Color......Page 36 Your First Scratch Game......Page 37 Step 2: Add the Paddle and Ball......Page 38 Step 3: Start the Game and Get Your Sprites Moving......Page 39 try it out 1-11......Page 40 Step 4: Spice It Up with Sound......Page 41 Scratch Blocks: An Overview......Page 42 Random Numbers......Page 43 Summary......Page 44 Problems......Page 45 Using Motion Commands......Page 47 Absolute Motion......Page 48 Relative Motion......Page 49 Other Motion Commands......Page 52 try it out 2-3......Page 53 try it out 2-4......Page 54 The Power of Repeat......Page 55 Rotated Squares......Page 56 try it out 2-7......Page 57 Get the Money......Page 58 Catching Apples......Page 61 More on Cloned Sprites......Page 64 Summary......Page 65 Problems......Page 66 Chapter 3: Looks and Sound......Page 69 Changing Costumes to Animate......Page 70 try it out 3-1......Page 71 Sprites That Speak and Think......Page 72 Layers......Page 74 Playing Audio Files......Page 75 Composing Music......Page 77 Playing Drums and Other Sounds......Page 76 Scratch Projects......Page 78 Dancing on Stage......Page 79 Fireworks......Page 82 Summary......Page 84 Problems......Page 85 Size and Visibility......Page 73 Chapter 4: Procedures......Page 89 Message Broadcasting and Receiving......Page 90 Sending and Receiving Broadcasts......Page 91 Message Broadcasting to Coordinate Multiple Sprites......Page 92 Creating Large Programs in Small Steps......Page 94 Creating Procedures with Message Broadcasting......Page 95 Building Your Own Block......Page 97 Passing Parameters to Custom Blocks......Page 99 try it out 4-1......Page 103 Using Nested Procedures......Page 104 Breaking Programs Down into Procedures......Page 106 try it out 4-3......Page 108 Building Up with Procedures......Page 109 Problems......Page 111 Chapter 5: Variables......Page 113 What’s in the Shape?......Page 114 Automatic Data Type Conversion......Page 115 What Is a Variable?......Page 116 Creating and Using Variables......Page 119 The Scope of Variables......Page 122 Changing Variables......Page 124 Variables in Clones......Page 126 Displaying Variable Monitors......Page 128 Simulating Ohm’s Law......Page 130 Demonstrating a Series Circuit......Page 132 Visualizing a Sphere’s Volume and Surface Area......Page 133 Try It Out 5-5......Page 135 Drawing an n-Leaved Rose......Page 136 Try It Out 5-6......Page 137 Modeling Sunflower Seed Distribution......Page 138 Getting Input from Users......Page 139 Performing Arithmetic Operations......Page 141 Reading a Number......Page 140 Problems......Page 142 Chapter 6: Making Decisions......Page 145 Comparison Operators......Page 146 Evaluating Boolean Expressions......Page 147 Comparing Letters and Strings......Page 148 The if Block......Page 150 Using Variables as Flags......Page 151 The if/else Block......Page 152 Menu-Driven Programs......Page 154 Logical Operators......Page 156 The or Operator......Page 157 The not Operator......Page 158 Using Logical Operators to Check Numeric Ranges......Page 159 Guess My Coordinates......Page 162 Triangle Classification Game......Page 164 try it out 6-2......Page 167 Line Follower......Page 168 Equation of a Line......Page 169 Summary......Page 173 Problems......Page 174 Chapter 7: Repetition: A Deeper Exploration of Loops......Page 177 More Loop Blocks in Scratch......Page 178 The repeat until Block......Page 179 Building a forever if Block......Page 180 try it out 7-2......Page 181 Stop Commands......Page 182 try it out 7-3......Page 183 Validating User Input......Page 184 Check a Password......Page 186 Counting by a Constant Amount......Page 187 Revisiting Nested Loops......Page 189 Recursion: Procedures That Call Themselves......Page 191 Analog Clock......Page 193 Bird Shooter Game......Page 195 try it out 7-8......Page 198 Free-Fall Simulation......Page 199 try it out 7-9......Page 200 Projectile Motion Simulator......Page 201 Summary......Page 204 Problems......Page 205 Chapter 8: String Processing......Page 207 Counting Special Characters in a String......Page 208 Comparing String Characters......Page 209 try it out 8-1......Page 210 Igpay Atinlay......Page 211 Fix My Spelling......Page 212 try it out 8-3......Page 214 Unscramble......Page 215 Shoot......Page 217 try it out 8-4......Page 219 Binary to Decimal Converter......Page 220 try it out 8-5......Page 221 Hangman......Page 223 try it out 8-7......Page 227 Fraction Tutor......Page 228 Summary......Page 232 Problems......Page 233 Chapter 9: Lists......Page 235 Creating Lists......Page 236 List Commands......Page 238 try it out 9-2......Page 240 Bounds Checking......Page 241 Filling Lists with User Input......Page 242 Creating a Bar Chart......Page 243 Finding Min and Max......Page 246 Finding the Average......Page 247 Summary......Page 0 Frequency of Occurrence......Page 249 try it out 9-6......Page 250 Bubble Sort......Page 251 Finding the Median......Page 253 The Poet......Page 254 try it out 9-8......Page 255 Quadrilateral Classification Game......Page 256 try it out 9-9......Page 257 Math Wizard......Page 258 Flower Anatomy Quiz......Page 261 Other Applications......Page 262 Problems......Page 264 Creating a Scratch Account......Page 265 Using the Backpack......Page 268 Starting a New Project......Page 269 The Project Page......Page 271 Sharing Your Project......Page 272 Index......Page 273 About the Online Resources......Page 285 Updates......Page 288