英语词缀与英语派生词

Description

本书是一部用“词素构词”理论探讨英语词缀的理论与应用的专著。 全书分为三部分。第一部分用“词素构词”理论探讨英语词缀的定义、发展历史与分类，并将英语构词法引入新的理论框架；又从形音、义、性等角度探求英语词缀在构词中的功能与规律，从而架构了较为完整的英语词缀理论体系。第二部分精心选介了近百个常用的英语词缀与数以千计的相关派生词，其中既有“说文解字”式的例证，又有丰富多样的练习，充分体现了本书的实践性。第三部分简介了三百多个较常用的英语词缀及其主要派生词，提供了尽可能充分的词缀信息。 本书理论通俗、内容详实、编排合理，适合于中，高级程度的读者从事英语词汇学习与研究的需要。 目录 第一部分 英语词缀的基本知识 一、 什么是词缀 四、 英语词缀的各种分类法 五、 从词缀的角度反思英语构词法 八、 词缀的含义与派生词的词义 10种不同含义的前缀 8种不同含义的后缀 词缀语义与派生词词义之间的关系 最常见的英语前缀及其派生词 A a-=on，in a-=not，without ab-（abs-）=away from，off ad-（ac-，af-，etc.）=to，at ante-=before，in front of anti-（ant-）=against，opposing B be-=about；completely/to make；to provide with bi-（bin-）=two；twice；doubly by-=secondary；near by C circum-=around，about com-（co-，col-，con-，cor-）=with，together contra-=against，opposite counter-=against，opposite，in return D de-=down；away/to undo；to make down or away di-=twice，two dia-（di-）=through，across dis-（dif-，di-）=apart；to undo；lack of，to remove；not E en-（em-）=to put into；to make ex-（e-，ef-）=out，out of/former extra-=outside；beyond F for-=forth；away fore-=front；before；beforehand I in-（il-，im-，ir-）=not；lack of in-（il-，im-，ir-）=in，into；on，upon；towards inter-（intel-）=between；mutual，mutually K kilo-=one thousand M mal-（male-）=bad，badly；evil，evilly micro-=small，very small；one millionth mis-=bad，badly；wrong，wrongly multi-=many；having many；many times N non-=not；absence of；without O ob-（oc-，of-，op-）=toward；against out-=out，outside；more than，to surpass，to be more than over-=above，across；too；too much P para-（par-）=beside，near；related to，subordinate to per-=through；throughout；thoroughly；to destruction peri-=around；near post-=after；behind pre-=before，beforehand；in front pro-=forward，forth，out；in favour of，in place of R re-（red-）=back；again；against S se-（sed-）=apart，aside，away self-=oneself；by oneself；automatic，automatically semi-=half；partly；half a time or twice sub-（suc-，suf-，etc.）=under；subordinate；incompletely；further super-=above；beyond；more than；excessively sur-=above，beyond syn-（syl-，sym-，sy-）=with，together T tele-=afar；operating over a distance；having to do with television，etc. trans-（tran-，tra-）=across；beyond；over tri-=three；having three U ultra-=beyond；on the other side；excessively un-=not；lack of；to undo/to remove under-=under，beneath；lower；not enough up-=up；upward；upper；to make···upward W with-=against；away；back；with 最常见的英语后缀及其派生词 A -able（-ible）=that can be ~ed；able to be ~ed -age n.=the act or result of ~ing/a group of or a place for ~s；the condition of ~ -al（-ial，-ical，-ual）=of ~；like ~；having the nature of ~/the act of ~ing -ance（-ancy）=the act or fact of ~ing；the state or quality of being ~ed；a thing that ~s；what is ~ed -ant=that ~s；~ing/a person or thing that ~s -ar（-ular，-icular）=of ~；like ~；having the nature of ~/one that is connected with ~ -ary=a place for ~；a collection of ~s；a person or thing connected with ~/of ~；being ~；characterized by ~ -ate=of ~；having ~；like ~/to become ~ or cause to be ~；to produce ~；to supply or treat with ~；to combine with ~/salt made from ~，etc. D -dom=the rank or realm of ~；all who are ~s/the condition or fact of being ~ E -ed=having ~；having the characteristics of ~ -ee=a person who is ~ed；a person to whom sth. is ~ed；a person who ~s -en=to cause to be ~/to cause to have ~/made of ~；having the look of ~ -ence（-ency）=the act or fact of -ing；the quality or condition of ~ing -ent=that ~s；~ing/one that ~s -er=a person or thing that ~s/a person living in ~；a person who makes or works with ~；a person who has ~ -ery=a place for ~ing/a place for ~s；the art or occuption of a ~；the condition，quality or action of a ~；a group of ~s F -ful=full of；showing ~；having the qualities of ~；that can be of ~/as much as a ~ can fill -fy=to make ~，to cause to be ~；to become H -hood=the state of quality of ~；the character of ~；a group or body of ~s；a concrete instance of ~ I -ic=of ~；having the nature of ~；being ~；made up of ~；made or caused by ~；like ~/an art or system of thought；a person connected with ~ -ion=the act or process of ~ing；the result of ~ing；the condition of being ~ed；a thing or process that ~s -ish=like ~；of ~；tending to ~；about or slightly past ~/somewhat ~ -ism=the doctrine，theory or system of ~；a disease caused by ~/the quality or condition of being ~；instance of being ~ -ite=an inhabitant of ~；a descendant of ~；a supporter or follower of ~；a person associated with ~/a mineral species；a fossil；an explosive；a chemical product -ity（-ty，-ety）=the condition，quality or fact of being ~ -ive=~ing；having the quality of ~ing；tending to ~ -ize=to make ~；to become ~；to engage in or use ~；to treat in the way of ~；to act like ~ L -less=without ~；lacking ~；free from ~/that never ~s；that cannot be ~ed -logy=the doctrine，study or science of ~；the speech or discussion of ~ -ly=like a ~；characteristic of ~；suited to ~；occuring once a ~；of or being a ~ M -ment=the act or state or fact of ~ing；the condition of being ~ed；the product or result of ~ing；the cause or means of ~ing N -ness=the quality or condition of being ~；~action or behaviour；an instance of being ~ O -or=a person or thing that ~s -ory=a place of ~ing；a thing used for ~ing/~ing；characterized by ~ion；tending or serving to ~ -our（-or）=the act，state，quality or characteristics of ~ing -ous=having ~，full of ~；characterized by ~，having the nature of ~；having to do with ~；of ~；like ~；practising ~ R -ry=the occupation of a ~；the act of a ~；the quality or condition of a ~；a collection of ~s/a place for ~ S -ship=the position or occupation of ~；the quality or condition of being ~；the act or skill of ~；the relation between ~s；the number of ~s -some=causing ~；tending to ~；~ to a considerable degree T -th=number ~ in order/the action or process of ~ing/the quality or condition of being ~ U -ure=the act or fact of ~ing；the condition of being ~ed；the result of being ~ed；sth. that ~s or is ~ed W -ward(s)=tending to ~；in the direction of ~；toward ~ -wise=in a ~ manner；like a ~；in the direction of ~；in the ~ respect Y -y（-ey）=full of ~；containing ~；characterized by ~；resembling ~；somewhat ~；inclined to ~ -y=the act of ~ing/the condition or quality of being ~；a group of ~s；~ condition or quality 较常见的英语前缀及其派生词 A acro-=tip aeri-，aero-=air；aircraft afore-=before agro-=field；agriculture alti-，alto-=high amb(i)-=both；around amphi-=on both sides；around ana-=back；again；up anthrop(o)-=human being apo-=away off arch(i)-=chief，principal astro-=star；space atmo-=vapour auto-=self；automatic B bene-=well biblio=book；the Bible bio-=life C caco-=bad calor(i)-=heat carb(o)-=carbon cardio-=the heart cat(a)-=down；against；wrongly；completely cent(i)-=hundred；a hundredth centri-，centro-=centre chem(o)-=chemical chromo-，chromato-=colour；chromatin chron(o)-=time cis-=on this side cosmo-=world；universe cruci-=cross cryo-=cold，low temperature crypto-=hidden cyber-=computer cyclo-=circle D dec(a)-=ten deci-=tenth denti-,dento-=tooth dermat(o)-=shin deuter(o)-=second dipl(o)-=double duo-=two dys-=bad；abnormal E F G H hetero-=different homo-=the same I K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Z 较常见的英语后缀及其派生词 A B C -cracy=power or rule E F G H I K L M -mania=unusual or unreasonable fondness N O P R S T U V Y