Biogas: From Waste to Fuel

Description

Biogas- from waste to fuel makes the readers aware about the process of anaerobic digestion and explains the ways in which the waste is converted to biogas and how further it is upgraded to biomethane. It informs the ways in which the algae is used for biogas production and discusses the impact of biogas technology. The book discusses about the optimization of biogas production in the developing countries and explains what methanogens mean. Also discussed in the book are the strategies for the enhancement of biogas production for second generation lignocellulosic resources and the opportunities and challenges for the industrial application of combined production of biogas and bioethanol. It also provides the meaning of biomethane and elaborates on the various process disturbances in agricultural biogas production, further discussing the various perspectives of biogas conversion into bio-CNG for use as a fuel in automobiles. Cover Title Page Copyright DECLARATION ABOUT THE EDITOR TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Contributors List of Figures List of Tables List of Abbreviations Preface PART – I: ANAEROBIC DIGESTION AND BIOGAS OVERVIEW Chapter 1 Introduction to anaerobic digestion (AD) Introduction 1.1 Anaerobic Digestion Process 1.2 Factors Affecting AD 1.3 Types of Anaerobic Reactors 1.4 Pretreatment Methods 1.5 Biomethane Potential Assays 1.6 Pathogen Removal By Ad Chapter 2 Waste to Biogas Introduction 2.1 Food Waste 2.2 Municipal Solid Waste 2.3 Animal Waste (AW) 2.4 Industrial Waste 2.5 Kitchen Waste 2.6 Anaerobic Digestate Chapter 3 Biogas Upgradation to Biomethane Introduction 3.1 Physical/ Chemical Removal of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 3.2. Chemoautotrophic Biogas Upgrading 3.3 Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Technologies 3.4 Removal of Trace Compounds 3.5 Methane Removal From Offgas Chapter 4 Algae for Biogas Production Introduction 4.1 Algae: An Overview 4.2 Composition 4.3 Pretreatment Methods For Optimizing AD of Algae 4.4 Challenges In AD of Algae 4.5 Conclusions Chapter 5 Impact of Biogas Technology 5.1 Benefits of Biogas 5.2 Negative Impacts of Biogas Combustion 5.3 Biogas In Developing Countries References PART – II: APPLICATIONS OF BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY Chapter 6 Recent Updates on Biogas Production - A Review 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Biogas, Driving Forces And The Biogas Industry 4. Current Biogas Process Technologies 5. Novel Anaerobic Digestion Technologies 6. Microbial Community Analysis And Biogas Process Control 7. Concluding Remarks 8. References Chapter 7 Enhancement and Optimization Mechanisms of Biogas Production for Rural Household Energy in Developing Countries: A review 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Rationale of Using Biogas than Solid Biomass 4. Optimization Level 5. Enhancing The Biochemical Processes In Anaerobic Digestion 6. Enhancement of Bio-Digestion For Optimum Production 7. Conclusion 8. Acknowledgement 9. References Chapter 8 Methanogens: Biochemical Background And Biotechnological Applications 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Biochemical And Microbial Background 4. Electroactivity Of Methanogens 5. Genetic Tools For Methanogens 6. Applications Of Methanogens 7. Conclusions 8. Authors’ Contributions 9. Acknowledgements 10. References Chapter 9 Anaerobic Digestion Without Biogas? 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Methane Containing Biogas As Process Driver 4. Vfa As Central Intermediate 5. Valorisation of VFA 6. Summary And Outlook 7. Acknowledgments 8. References Chapter 10 Biological Pretreatment Strategies For Second-Generation Lignocellulosic Resources To Enhance Biogas Production 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Lignocelluloses 4. Biodegradation Of Lignocellulose 5. Concepts of Pretreatment 6. By-Product Formation 7. Closing Remarks—Conclusions 8. Author Contributions 9. References Chapter 11 Combined Biogas And Bioethanol Production: Opportunities And Challenges For Industrial Application 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Bioethanol Production 4. Biogas Production 5. The Combination Of Bioethanol And Biogas Production Processes 6. Conclusions 7. Acknowledgments 8. Author Contributions 9. References Chapter 12 Biomethane: A Renewable Resource As Vehicle Fuel 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Materials And Methods 4. Results 5. Discussion And Conclusions 6. References Chapter 13 Process Disturbances In Agricultural Biogas Production—Causes, Mechanisms And Effects On The Biogas Microbiome: A Review 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. The Biogas Microbiome 4. Types Of Process Instabilities And Disturbances 5. Perspectives Of A Future Microbial Process Monitoring And Control .328 6. Author Contributions 7. Acknowledgments 8. References Chapter 14 Perspectives Of Biogas Conversion Into Bio-Cng For Automobile Fuel In Bangladesh 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Present Status Of Transportation Fuels In Bangladesh 4. Biogas To Automobile Fuels 5. Prospective Analysis Of Bio-Cng In Bangladesh 6. Competitive Analysis Of Bio-Cng As Transportation Fuel 7. Issues And Challenges Of Bio-Cng Technology In Bangladesh 8. Concluding Remarks 9. References Index Back Cover