Human Rights in Our Own Backyard: Injustice and Resistance in the United States

Description

Most Americans assume that the United States provides a gold standard for human rights—a 2007 survey found that 80 percent of U.S. adults believed that "the U.S. does a better job than most countries when it comes to protecting human rights." As well, discussions among scholars and public officials in the United States frame human rights issues as concerning people, policies, or practices "over there." By contrast, the contributors to this volume argue that many of the greatest immediate and structural threats to human rights, and some of the most significant efforts to realize human rights in practice, can be found in our own backyard. Human Rights in Our Own Backyard examines the state of human rights and responses to human rights issues, drawing on sociological literature and perspectives to interrogate assumptions of American exceptionalism. How do people in the U.S. address human rights issues? What strategies have they adopted, and how successful have these strategies been? Essays are organized around key conventions of human rights, focusing on the relationships between human rights and justice, the state and the individual, civil rights and human rights, and group rights versus individual rights. The contributors are united by a common conception of the human rights enterprise as a process involving not only state-defined and implemented rights but also human rights from below as promoted by activists. William T. Armaline is a faculty member of the Department of Justice Studies at San Jose State University. Davita Silfen Glasberg is Professor of Sociology and Associate Dean of Social Sciences in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at the University of Connecticut. Bandana Purkayastha is Professor of Sociology at the University of Connecticut. Foreword —Judith Blau Introduction: Human Rights in the United States PART I. ECONOMIC RIGHTS Chapter 1. Sweatshirts and Sweatshops: Labor Rights, Student Activism, and the Challenges of Collegiate Apparel Manufacturing —Julie Elkins and Shareen Hertel Chapter 2. Labor Rights After the Flexible Turn: The Rise of Contingent Employment and the Implications for Worker Rights in the United States —Andrew S. Fullerton and Dwanna L. Robertson Chapter 3. Preying on the American Dream: Predatory Lending, Institutionalized Racism, and Resistance to Economic Injustice —Davita Silfen Glasberg, Angie Beeman, and Colleen Casey PART II. SOCIAL RIGHTS Chapter 4. Food Not Bombs: The Right to Eat —Deric Shannon Chapter 5. The Long Road to Economic and Social Justice —Amanda Ploch Chapter 6. Hurricane Katrina and the Right to Food and Shelter —Barret Katuna Chapter 7. Education, Human Rights, and the State: Toward New Visions —Abraham P. DeLeon Chapter 8. Health and Human Rights —Kathryn Strother Ratcliff PART III. CULTURAL RIGHTS Chapter 9. We Are a People in the World: Native Americans and Human Rights —Barbara Gurr Chapter 10. Reflections on Cultural Human Rights —MihoIwata and Bandana Purkayastha PART IV. POLITICAL AND CIVIL RIGHTS Chapter 11. Erosion of Political and Civil Rights: Looking Back to Changes Since 9/11/01: The Patriot Act —Christine Zozula Chapter 12. U.S. Asylum and Refugee Policy: The "Culture of No" —Bill Frelick Chapter 13. The Border Action Network and Human Rights: Community-Based Resistance Against the Militarization of the U.S.-Mexico Border —Sang Hea Kil, Jennifer Allen, and Zoe Hammer Chapter 14. Sexual Citizenship: Marriage, Adoption, and Immigration in the United States —Katie Acosta Chapter 15. Do Human Rights Endure Across Nation-State Boundaries? Analyzing the Experiences of Guest Workers —Shweta Majumdar Adur Part V. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Chapter 16. From International Platforms to Local Yards: Standing Up for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in the United States —Bandana Purkayastha, Aheli Purkayastha, and Chandra Waring Chapter 17. Caging Kids of Color: Juvenile Justice and Human Rights in the United States —William T. Armaline PART VI. CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN Chapter 18. "What Lies Beneath": Foundations of the U.S. Human Rights Perspective and the Significance for Women —Tola Olu Pearce Chapter 19. Sex Trafficking: In Our Backyard? —Ranita Ray Chapter 20. The U.S. Culture of Violence —Stacy A. Missari PART VII. HUMAN RIGHTS AND RESISTANCE IN THE UNITED STATES Chapter 21. Building U.S. Human Rights Culture from the Ground Up: International Human Rights Implementation at the Local Level —Chivy Sok and Kenneth J. Neubeck Chapter 22. Critical Resistance and the Prison Abolitionist Movement —Zoe Hammer Chapter 23. Human Rights in the United States: The "Gold Standard" and the Human Rights Enterprise —William T. Armaline, Davita Silfen Glasberg, and Bandana Purkayastha Notes References List of Contributors Index Acknowledgments