Chicago Manual of Style

Description

an improved scanning version with CleanScan. Full searchable. Contents ......Page 4 Preface ......Page 10 Acknowledgments ......Page 14 1 Books and Journals ......Page 18 Introduction......Page 19 Pages and Page Numbers......Page 21 Running Heads......Page 23 Front Matter......Page 25 Text......Page 41 Back Matter......Page 45 Covers and Jackets......Page 50 Metadata, Abstracts, and Keywords......Page 52 Introduction......Page 53 Page Numbers and Running Heads......Page 54 Covers, Front Matter, and HomePages......Page 55 Metadata, Abstracts, and Keywords......Page 60 Articles and Other Components......Page 61 Tables and Illustrations......Page 64 Source Citations......Page 65 Version Control and Material Not Available in Print......Page 66 Design and Style......Page 67 Considerations for Electronic Formats ......Page 68 2 Manuscript Preparation, Manuscript Editing, and Proofreading ......Page 74 Overview and Process Outline ......Page 75 Basic Manuscript Submission Requirements......Page 78 Manuscript Formatting......Page 80 Preparing Illustrations and Tables......Page 87 Cross-Checking the Manuscript......Page 88 Preparing the Electronic Manuscript Files......Page 90 Preparing a Manuscript for a Multiauthor Book or Journal......Page 91 Compiling a Manuscript fromPreviously Published Material......Page 93 Principles of Manuscript Editing......Page 94 Editing Specific Parts of a Manuscript......Page 98 Communicating with Authors......Page 102 Preparing a Final Manuscript for Production......Page 104 The Mechanics of Electronic Editing......Page 106 The Mechanics of Editing on Paper......Page 115 Introduction......Page 119 Stages of Proof......Page 120 How to Proofread and What to Look For......Page 123 How to Mark Proofs......Page 126 Double-Checking Proofs and Assigning Responsibility......Page 132 Proofing and Testing Electronic Formats......Page 134 3 Illustrations and Tables ......Page 140 Types of Illustrations and Their Parts......Page 141 Placement and Numbering of Illustrations......Page 145 Preparation of Artwork......Page 149 Captions......Page 151 Credit Lines......Page 156 Lists of Illustrations......Page 159 Charts......Page 160 Introduction......Page 163 Table Numbering and Placement......Page 164 The Parts of a Table......Page 165 Cell Alignment and Formatting......Page 173 Notes to Tables......Page 178 Editing Tables......Page 180 4 Rights, Permissions, and Copyright Administration ......Page 186 Copyright Law and the Licensing of Rights ......Page 187 Varieties of Authorship......Page 189 Rights of the Copyright Owner......Page 190 Copyright and the Public Domain......Page 193 Assigning or Licensing Copyright......Page 198 Copyright Notice......Page 200 Deposit and Registration......Page 202 New Books......Page 204 Journal Articles......Page 210 Theses and Dissertations......Page 211 Alternative Publishing Arrangements......Page 212 Handling Subsidiary Rights......Page 215 The Author’s Responsibilities ......Page 220 Obtaining Permissions......Page 222 Requesting Permission......Page 229 5 Grammar and Usage ......Page 238 Introduction......Page 240 Nouns......Page 241 Pronouns......Page 248 Adjectives......Page 263 Verbs......Page 271 Adverbs......Page 290 Prepositions......Page 294 Conjunctions......Page 302 Interjections......Page 305 Syntax ......Page 306 The Four Traditional Types of Sentence Structures......Page 308 English Sentence Patterns......Page 309 Clauses......Page 310 Negation......Page 312 Expletives......Page 316 Parallel Structure......Page 317 Cleft Sentences......Page 319 Glossary of Problematic Words and Phrases......Page 321 Bias-Free Language......Page 373 6 Punctuation ......Page 378 Punctuation in Relation to Surrounding Text ......Page 379 Punctuation in Relation to Closing Quotation Marks......Page 382 Periods ......Page 384 Commas ......Page 385 Series and the Serial Comma ......Page 386 Commas with Independent Clauses......Page 388 Commas with Dependent Clauses ......Page 389 Commas with Relative Clauses, Appositives,and Descriptive Phrases......Page 391 Commas with Participal and Adverbial Phrases......Page 393 Commas with Introductory Words and Phrases......Page 395 Commas with Dates and Addresses......Page 396 Commas with Quotations and Questions......Page 397 Commas in Personal and Corporate Names......Page 399 Commas with Antithetical Elements......Page 400 Other Uses of the Comma......Page 401 Semicolons ......Page 404 Colons ......Page 406 Question Marks ......Page 408 Exclamation Points ......Page 410 En Dashes......Page 411 Em Dashes......Page 414 2-Em and 3-Em Dashes......Page 416 Parentheses ......Page 417 Brackets and Braces ......Page 418 Slashes ......Page 420 Quotation Marks ......Page 422 Spaces ......Page 423 Multiple Punctuation Marks ......Page 424 Lists and Outline Style ......Page 426 7 Spelling, Distinctive Treatment of Words, and Compounds ......Page 432 Overview ......Page 433 Plurals ......Page 434 The General Rule ......Page 437 Exceptions to the General Rule......Page 438 Particularities of the Possessive......Page 439 “A” and “An” ......Page 442 Ligatures ......Page 443 Word Division ......Page 444 Italics, Capitals, and Quotation Marks ......Page 447 Emphasis......Page 448 Words from Other Languages......Page 449 Highlighting Key Terms and Expressions......Page 450 Words as Words and Letters as Letters......Page 452 Music: Some Typographic Conventions......Page 454 Computer Terms......Page 456 Compounds and Hyphenation ......Page 458 8 Names, Terms, and Titles of Works ......Page 474 General Principles......Page 476 Non-English Names in an English Context......Page 478 Titles and Offices ......Page 482 Epithets, Kinship Names, and Personifications ......Page 489 Ethnic, Socioeconomic, and Other Groups ......Page 491 Parts of the World......Page 493 Political Divisions......Page 496 Topographical Divisions ......Page 498 Public Places and Major Structures ......Page 499 Words Derived from Proper Names ......Page 501 Governmental Bodies ......Page 502 Political and Economic Organizations and Movements ......Page 505 Institutions and Companies ......Page 507 Associations......Page 508 Periods ......Page 509 Events ......Page 510 Cultural Movements and Styles......Page 512 Acts, Treaties, and Government Programs ......Page 514 Awards ......Page 515 Academic Subjects, Courses of Study, and Lecture Series ......Page 516 Calendar and Time Designations ......Page 517 Deities and Revered Persons ......Page 518 Religious Groups ......Page 519 Religious Writings ......Page 522 Religious Events, Concepts, Services, and Objects......Page 524 Forces and Troops......Page 525 Wars, Revolutions, Battles, and Campaigns ......Page 526 Names of Ships and Other Vehicles ......Page 528 Scientific Nantes of Plants and Animals......Page 529 Genetic Terms......Page 532 Astronomical Terms......Page 534 Medical Terms......Page 536 Physical and Chemical Terms......Page 537 Brand Names and Trademarks ......Page 538 Titles of Works ......Page 540 Capitalization, Punctuation, and Italics......Page 541 Books and Periodicals......Page 545 Articles in Periodicals and Parts of a Book ......Page 548 Poems and Plays......Page 550 Unpublished Works ......Page 551 Movies, Television, Radio, and Podcasts ......Page 552 Websites and Blogs......Page 553 Musical Works......Page 555 Works of Art and Exhibitions ......Page 556 9 Numbers ......Page 558 General Principles......Page 559 Large Numbers......Page 562 Physical Quantities......Page 564 Percentages and Decimal Fractions......Page 566 Money......Page 567 Numbered Divisions in Publications and Other Documents......Page 569 Dates ......Page 570 Time of Day......Page 573 Numbers with Proper Names and Titles......Page 575 Addresses and Thoroughfares ......Page 576 Plurals and Punctuation of Numbers ......Page 577 Inclusive Numbers ......Page 581 Roman Numerals ......Page 583 10 Abbreviations ......Page 586 Overview ......Page 587 Personal Names, Titles, and Degrees......Page 591 Companies and Other Organizations ......Page 596 Geographical Terms ......Page 598 Names of Countries......Page 600 Addresses......Page 601 Compass Points, Latitude, and Longitude......Page 602 Designations of Time ......Page 603 Scholarly Abbreviations ......Page 604 Biblical Abbreviations ......Page 611 Technology and Science ......Page 615 The International System of Units ......Page 620 Astronomy......Page 623 Chemical Elements......Page 624 US Measure ......Page 626 Business and Commerce ......Page 628 11 Languages Other than English ......Page 632 Words and Phrases from Other Languages......Page 633 Titles of Works from Other Languages......Page 636 Quotations from Other Languages......Page 637 Languages Using the Latin Alphabet ......Page 640 African Languages......Page 644 French......Page 645 German......Page 649 Italian......Page 652 Latin......Page 654 Spanish......Page 656 Other Languages Using the Latin Alphabet......Page 659 Languages Usually Transliterated (or Romanized)......Page 662 Arabic......Page 663 Chinese and Japanese......Page 666 Hebrew......Page 669 Russian......Page 671 Classical Greek ......Page 675 Breathings and Accents ......Page 676 Punctuation and Numbers......Page 677 Word Division......Page 678 Old English and Middle English ......Page 679 American Sign Language (ASL) ......Page 680 12 Mathematics in Type ......Page 684 General Usage......Page 685 Signs and Symbols......Page 688 Punctuation......Page 694 Mathematical Expressions in Display......Page 696 Numeration......Page 698 Delimiters......Page 699 Subscripts and Superscripts......Page 702 Summations and Integrals......Page 703 Radicals......Page 704 Fractions......Page 705 Matrices and Determinants......Page 707 Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors......Page 709 Definitions, Theorems, and Other Formal Statements......Page 710 Probability and Statistics......Page 711 Preparation and Editing of Paper Manuscripts ......Page 713 13 Quotations and Dialogue ......Page 722 Overview ......Page 723 Permissible Changes to Quotations ......Page 725 Run In or Set Off......Page 726 Assimilation into the Surrounding Text......Page 727 Quotations and Punctuation......Page 728 Initial Capital or Lowercase Letter......Page 730 Block Quotations......Page 732 Poetry Extracts......Page 734 Double or Single Quotation Marks......Page 736 Quotations of More than One Paragraph......Page 737 Quotation Marks Omitted......Page 738 Speech, Dialogue, and Conversation ......Page 739 Drama, Discussions and Interviews, and Field Notes ......Page 741 Ellipses ......Page 743 Interpolations and Clarifications ......Page 747 Attributing Quotations in Text ......Page 749 Sources Following Run-In Quotations......Page 751 Sources Following Block Quotations and Poetry Extracts ......Page 752 14 Notes and Bibliography ......Page 756 Source Citations: An Overview ......Page 758 Sources Consulted Online......Page 760 Basic Format, with Examples and Variations ......Page 766 Note Numbers......Page 770 Shortened Citations......Page 772 Commentary and Quotations in Notes......Page 776 Footnotes versus Endnotes......Page 777 Two Sets of Notes......Page 783 Special Types of Notes ......Page 784 Remedies for Excessive Annotation ......Page 789 Overview ......Page 791 Arrangement of Entries ......Page 796 The 3-Em Dash for Repeated Names in a Bibliography......Page 797 Author’s Name ......Page 799 Title of Work ......Page 806 Books ......Page 814 Editors, Translators, Compilers, or Cowriters......Page 815 Chapters or Other Parts of a Book ......Page 817 Edition......Page 821 Multivolume Works ......Page 822 Series ......Page 826 Facts of Publication......Page 828 Page, Volume, and Other Locating Information......Page 836 Electronic Books......Page 839 Periodicals ......Page 843 Journals......Page 844 Magazines ......Page 852 Newspapers......Page 853 Reviews ......Page 858 Websites, Blogs, and Social Media ......Page 859 Interviews and Personal Communications ......Page 864 Papers, Contracts, and Reports ......Page 866 Manuscript Collections ......Page 869 Reference Works......Page 873 Artwork and Illustrations ......Page 874 Scriptural References......Page 876 Classical Greek and Latin References......Page 877 Musical Scores ......Page 881 Patents and Standards ......Page 882 Citations Taken from Secondary Sources ......Page 883 Recordings and Live Performances......Page 884 Online Multimedia and Apps......Page 888 Legal and Public Documents ......Page 890 Cases and Court Decisions......Page 893 Legislative and Executive Documents......Page 895 Canada......Page 900 United Kingdom......Page 901 International Entities......Page 905 15 Author-Date References ......Page 906 Overview ......Page 907 Basic Format, with Examples and Variations ......Page 908 Reference Lists......Page 913 The 3-Em Dash for Repeated Names in a Reference List......Page 915 Text Citations......Page 917 Author’s Name......Page 923 Title of Work......Page 925 Books......Page 926 Periodicals......Page 929 Websites, Blogs, and Social Media......Page 930 Manuscript Collections......Page 933 Audiovisual Recordings and Other Multimedia......Page 934 Legal and Public Documents......Page 936 16 Indexes ......Page 938 Overview ......Page 939 Main Headings, Subentries, and Locators......Page 941 Cross-References......Page 944 Run-In versus Indented Indexes......Page 947 General Principles of Indexing ......Page 950 Indexing Proper Names and Variants ......Page 951 Indexing Titles of Publications and Other Works ......Page 955 Alphabetizing ......Page 958 Letter by Letter or Word by Word?......Page 959 General Rules of Alphabetizing ......Page 961 Subentries......Page 963 Personal Names......Page 964 Non-English Personal Names......Page 965 Names of Organizations and Businesses......Page 969 Names of Places......Page 970 Punctuating Indexes: A Summary ......Page 971 Before Indexing Begins: Tools and Decisions......Page 973 When to Begin......Page 974 What Parts of the Work to Index......Page 975 Marking Proofs and Preparing Entries......Page 977 Editing and Refining the Entries......Page 980 Editing an Index Compiled by Someone Else ......Page 982 Typographical Considerations for Indexes ......Page 984 Examples of Indexes ......Page 985 Glossary ......Page 990 Bibliography ......Page 1006 1.1 Style ......Page 1007 1.2 Grammar and Usage ......Page 1010 1.3 Research and Writing ......Page 1011 2.1 Manuscript Editing and Proofreading ......Page 1013 2.3 Rights and Permissions ......Page 1014 2.4 Mathematics ......Page 1015 2.6 Design ......Page 1016 2.7 Production ......Page 1017 2.8 The Publishing Industry ......Page 1018 3.1 English Dictionaries ......Page 1019 3.3 Medical and Scientific Dictionaries ......Page 1020 4.1 Biography ......Page 1021 4.2 Geography ......Page 1022 4.5 Guides to Books, Periodicals, and Other Sources ......Page 1023 4.7 Abbreviations ......Page 1026 5 Miscellaneous Works Cited in Text ......Page 1027 Index ......Page 1030 The Chicago Manual of Style ......Page 1160