Violence in the Military

Description

This brief highlights issues relating to military service members’ expression of violence outside of the military due to the constant readiness for or the exposure to organized violence. It investigates how service members are affected by these experiences, considering both the exacerbation of aggressive traits and the impact it has on mental health. The chapters address the following types of non-combat related violence: Suicide and Self-Harm in the MilitaryMilitary Sexual Violence: Sexual Assault, Sexual Harassment, and Sexual HazingIntimate Partner and Domestic Violence Among Military PopulationsViolent Criminal Behavior in the Military The volume also reviews the contributing factors to the perpetration of violence, including personality traits (i.e., aggression), the military life cycle, interpersonal dynamics, and mental health. It ultimately poses future directions to mitigate risk factors for non-combat related violence. This brief is ideal for military leaders, military psychologists, and mental health providers of service members and veterans. Preface Acknowledgments Contents About the Authors Chapter 1: Introduction to Violence in the Military References Chapter 2: Suicide and Self-Harm in the Military 2.1 Recent Suicide Statistics 2.1.1 Methods for Suicide 2.1.2 Known Concerns 2.2 The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide 2.2.1 IPTS Risk and Protective Factors 2.2.2 Military IPTS Research 2.3 Shame, Guilt, and Moral Injury 2.4 Other Mental Health Factors: Depression, Substance Use, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Traumatic Brain Injury 2.5 Suicide Prevention Efforts 2.6 Summary References Chapter 3: Military Sexual Violence: Sexual Assault, Sexual Harassment, and Sexual Hazing 3.1 Case Study 3.2 Military Sexual Trauma: Types of MST 3.2.1 Sexual Assault 3.2.2 Sexual Harassment 3.2.3 Sexual Hazing 3.3 Prevalence of Military Sexual Trauma 3.4 Reporting Procedures 3.4.1 Unrestricted Reporting 3.4.2 Restricted Reporting 3.4.3 Why Do Service Members Choose Not to Report? 3.5 Health Consequences of Military Sexual Trauma 3.5.1 Physical Health 3.5.2 Sexual Satisfaction 3.5.3 Mental Health 3.6 Outcomes of Military Sexual Trauma 3.6.1 Survivor Outcomes 3.6.1.1 Revictimization 3.6.1.2 Loss of Identity 3.6.1.3 Extraneous Health Diagnosis 3.6.2 Abuser Outcomes 3.7 Summary References Chapter 4: Intimate Partner and Domestic Violence Among Military Populations 4.1 Intimate Partner Violence and Domestic Violence 4.2 Types of Maltreatment 4.3 Intimate Partner Violence Recidivism and Escalation 4.4 Prevalence Among Military Populations 4.4.1 Reported Incidents 4.4.1.1 Spouse Abuse 4.4.1.2 Intimate Partner Abuse 4.4.1.3 Adult Sexual Abuse 4.4.1.4 Domestic Abuse Fatalities 4.5 Context of Violence 4.6 Factors Associated with Military Service 4.7 Summary References Chapter 5: Violent Criminal Behavior in the Military 5.1 Risk Factors for Violent Crime 5.2 Factors Contributing to Violence 5.2.1 Aggression 5.2.2 Service-Related Factors 5.2.2.1 Pre-enlistment History 5.2.2.2 Deployment and Combat Exposure 5.2.2.3 Discharge Deposition 5.2.3 Mental Health 5.2.3.1 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 5.2.3.2 Traumatic Brain Injury 5.2.3.3 Personality Disorders 5.2.3.4 Substance Use 5.3 Summary References Chapter 6: Clinical Implications, Limitations, Future Directions, and Conclusions 6.1 Clinical Implications 6.1.1 Suicide and Self-Harm in the Military 6.1.2 Military Sexual Violence: Culture 6.1.2.1 Treatment Considerations 6.1.3 Intimate Partner and Domestic Violence Among Military Populations 6.1.4 Violent Criminal Behavior 6.2 Limitations 6.2.1 Suicide and Self-Harm in the Military 6.2.2 Military Sexual Violence 6.2.3 Intimate Partner and Domestic Violence Among Military Populations 6.2.4 Violent Criminal Behavior in the Military 6.3 Future Directions 6.3.1 Suicide and Self-Harm in the Military 6.3.2 Military Sexual Violence 6.3.3 Intimate Partner and Domestic Violence Among Military Populations 6.3.4 Violent Criminal Behavior in the Military 6.4 Conclusions References Index