A History of Humanitarian Intervention

Description

The question of 'humanitarian intervention' has been a staple of international law for around 200 years, with a renewed interest in the history of the subject emerging in the last twenty years. This book provides a chronological account of the evolution of the discussion and uncovers the fictional narrative provided by international lawyers to support their conclusions on the subject, from justifications and arguments for 'humanitarian intervention', the misrepresentation of great power involvement in the Greek War of Independence in 1827, to the 'humanitarian intervention that never was', India's war with Pakistan in 1971. Relying on a variety of sources, some of them made available in English for the first time, the book provides an undogmatic, alternative history of the fight for the protection of human rights in international law. Cover Half-title Title page Copyright information Epigraph Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 1 The Battlegrounds of a History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Definition of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 1.3 'Humanity' in Nineteenth-Century International Law 1.4 The 'Humanity' of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 1.5 The Law on Intervention and 'Humanitarian Intervention' 1.6 'Humanitarian Intervention' into the Twenty-First Century 2 A History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' in Nineteenth-Century International Law 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Intervention of the European Great Powers in the Greek War of Independence 2.2.1 The Intervention and Its History 2.2.2 The Intervention in Context 2.2.3 The Intervention in the History of International Law 2.2.4 The Intervention and the History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 2.3 The Principle of Non-intervention in Mid-Nineteenth-Century International Law 2.3.1 Introduction 2.3.2 The 'Intervention' in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, 1856 2.3.3 The Paris Treaty of 1856 2.4 Lebanon, 1860 2.4.1 The Intervention and Its History 2.4.2 The Intervention in Context 2.4.3 The Intervention in the History of International Law 2.4.4 The Intervention in the History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 2.5 Intervention in Mid-Nineteenth-Century International Law 2.5.1 Introduction 2.5.2 Poland, 1863 2.5.3 Crete, 1866 2.6 The Great Balkan Crisis 2.6.1 Introduction 2.6.2 The 'Interventions' and Their History 2.6.3 The Interventions in Context 2.6.4 The Interventions in the History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 2.7 The Principle of Non-intervention in Late Nineteenth-Century International Law 2.7.1 The 'Humanitarian Impulse' 2.7.2 The Principle of Non-intervention 2.7.3 'Humanitarian Intervention' and the 'International Law of Civilised Nations' 2.8 Cuba, 1898 2.8.1 Introduction 2.8.2 The Intervention in Context 2.8.3 The Intervention in the History of International Law 2.8.4 The Intervention in the History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 2.9 The Long End of the Long Nineteenth Century 2.9.1 Antoine Rougier's 'Théorie de l'Intervention de Humanité' 2.9.2 China, 1900 2.9.3 Macedonia, 1903–1908 and 1913 2.9.4 Armenia, 1915–1916 2.9.5 'Humanitarian Intervention' in International Law at the Turn of the Century 2.9.6 International Law at the Turn of the Century in the History of 'Humanitarian Intervention' 3 'Humanitarian Intervention' in the Era of the League of Nations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 International Law Theory and 'Humanitarian Intervention' in the Age of the League of Nations 3.3 State practice 3.3.1 Introduction 3.3.2 The International Response to Nazi Germany's Persecution of Jews 3.3.3 World War II and the Shoah 3.4 Nazi International Law Theory and 'Humanitarian Intervention' 3.4.1 Intervention in Nazi International Law Theory 3.4.2 'Völkische' (Ethnic) and 'Konnationale' (Co-National) Intervention 4 The World after 1945 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Charter of the United Nations and 'Humanitarian Intervention' in Early Interpretations 4.3 Early State Practice under the UN Charter 4.4 The 'Humanitarian Intervention' Debate Reignited: Biafra, 1968 4.5 The 'Humanitarian Intervention' That Never Was: East Pakistan, 1971 4.6 Into the Twenty-First Century: 'Humanitarian Intervention' and the Uses of History Bibliography Literature Prior to 1945 Literature after 1945 Journal Articles Books Collections of Sources Index