Essays on Skepticism
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The problem of skepticism about knowledge of the external world has been the centrepiece of epistemology since Descartes. In the last 25 years, there has been a keen focus of interest on the problem, with a number of new insights by the best contemporary epistemologists and philosophers of mind. Anthony Brueckner is recognized as one of the leading contemporary investigators of the problem of skepticism. Essays on Skepticism collects Brueckner's most important work in this area, providing a connected and comprehensive guide to the complex state of play on this intensively studied area of philosophy. The guiding questions of this volume are: Can we have knowledge of the external world of things outside our minds? Can we have knowledge of the internal world of our own contentful mental states? The work divides into four sections: I. Transcendental Arguments against Skepticism; II. Semantic Answers to Skepticism; III. Self-knowledge; IV. Skepticism and Epistemic Closure. Dedication Contents Acknowledgements Introduction I. TRANSCENDENTAL ARGUMENTS AGAINST SKEPTICISM 1. Transcendental Arguments I 2. Transcendental Arguments II 3. The Anti-Skeptical Epistemology of the Refutation of Idealism 4. Modest Transcendental Arguments 5. Transcendental Arguments from Content Externalism 6. Stroud’s ‘‘Transcendental Arguments’’ Reconsidered II. SEMANTIC ANSWERS TO SKEPTICISM PART A: ON PUTNAM 7. Brains in a Vat 8. Semantic Answers to Skepticism 9. Trees, Computer Program Features, and Skeptical Hypotheses 10. Cartesian Skepticism, Content Externalism, and Self-Knowledge 11. Terms of Envatment (with Jon Altschul) PART B: ON DAVIDSON 12. Charity and Skepticism 13. The Omniscient Interpreter Rides Again PART C: ON McDOWELL 14. Singular Thought and Cartesian Philosophy III. SELF-KNOWLEDGE PART A: CONTENT EXTERNALISM AND SELF-KNOWLEDGE 15. Scepticism about Knowledge of Content 16. Knowledge of Content and Knowledge of the World 17. Externalism and Memory PART B: THE McKINSEY PROBLEM 18. What an Anti-Individualist Knows A Priori 19. The Characteristic Thesis of Anti-Individualism 20. Brewer on the McKinsey Problem 21. Wright on the McKinsey Problem 22. Externalism and Privileged Access Are Consistent 23. The Resiliency of the McKinsey Problem IV. SKEPTICISM AND EPISTEMIC CLOSURE 24. Epistemic Universalizability Principles 25. Why Nozick is a Sceptic 26. Skepticism and Epistemic Closure 27. Unfair to Nozick 28. Problems with the Wright Route to Skepticism 29. The Structure of the Skeptical Argument 30. Klein on Closure and Skepticism 31. The Elusive Virtues of Contextualism 32. Strategies for Refuting Closure for Knowledge 33. Knowledge, Evidence, and Skepticism According to Williamson 34. Fallibilism, Underdetermination, and Skepticism 35. Some Comfort for the Closure Skeptic 36. ∼K∼SK Bibliography Index
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