Explaining Imagination

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Cover Explaining Imagination Copyright Dedication Contents Acknowledgments Preface 1 Explaining Imagination 1.1 Introduction 1.2 What It Is to Imagine 1.3 Cats and Bats 1.4 Imagistic Imagining and Attitude Imagining 1.5 The Relation of I-imagining to A-imagining 1.6 Explaining in What Sense? 1.7 What We Do When We Imagine 1.8 Simple and Complex Attitudes 1.9 What Do I Mean by “More Basic”? 1.10 The Delicious Mud Pie 1.10.1 Imagination and Action 1.10.2 Imagination and the Will 1.10.3 Imagining What We Disbelieve 1.10.4 Imagination and Emotion 1.11 Introspection and Mental Imagery 1.12 More Case Studies as Prelude 1.12.1 Daydreaming: Imagining that I Am Rich and Famous 1.12.2 Pretense—a Sketch of Chapters 7 and 8 1.12.3 Conditional Reasoning—a Sketch of Chapters 5 and 6 1.12.4 Consuming Fiction: The Barest Sketch 1.13 Summary 2 Folk Psychology and Its Ontology 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Folk Psychological Ontologies—a Brief History 2.3 Heavy-Duty Ontology 2.4 Light-Duty Ontology 2.5 Heavy-Duty Incredulity about Light-Duty Dispositionalism, and Principled Agnosticism 2.6 Explaining Imagination for Light-Duty Theorists 2.6.1 Objections to this Form of Explanation, from a Light-Duty Perspective 2.7 Explaining Imagination for Heavy-Duty Theorists 2.8 Summary 3 Imagistic Imagining Part I: Imagery, Attitude Imagining, and Recreative Imagining 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Imagistic Imaginings and the Nature of Mental Imagery 3.2.1 Defining ‘Mental Imagery’ 3.3 Attitude Imaginings—Keeping the Definition Neutral 3.4 The Relationship between A- and I-imagining 3.5 A-imagining without I-imagining 3.6 I-imagining without A-imagining 3.7 Against Recreative Imagining 4 Imagistic Imagining Part II: Hybrid Structure, Multiple Attitudes, and Daydreams 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Relation of Mental Images to I-imaginings 4.3 The Multiple Use Thesis 4.4 Judgment I-imaginings 4.5 I-imaginings that are Desires, Decisions, and Intentions 4.6 On the Relation of Desire to A-imagining More Generally 4.7 Decision I-imaginings 4.8 Imaginative I-imagining? 4.9 Daydreams 4.10 Hybrid Structures Are Not Problematic 4.11 Recap 5 Conditional Reasoning Part I: Three Kinds of Conditionals and the Psychology of the Material Conditional 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Modal Epistemology? 5.3 Conditionals: Metaphysics and Psychology 5.4 The Material Conditional and Its Relation to Indicative and Subjunctive Conditionals 5.5 The Material Conditional and Assumptions: Conditional Proof and Reductio ad Absurdum 5.6 Psychology and Systems of Natural Deduction 5.7 Conditional Proof and Reductio ad Absurdum Revisited 5.7.1 Conditional Proof without Assumptions 5.7.2 Reductio without Assumptions 5.8 Mental Models? 5.9 Summary 6 Conditional Reasoning Part II: Indicatives, Subjunctives, and the Ramsey Test 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Ramsey Test and Its Psychology 6.3 From Belief Conditions to Truth Conditions 6.4 A Difference for Subjunctives 6.5 The Ramsey Test and the Psychology of Indicative Conditionals 6.6 A General Argument Against the Need for Sui Generis Imaginative States in Conditional Reasoning 6.7 It Is Simpler to Just Use Beliefs—Considering an Example from Williamson 6.8 Mental Imagery and Conformations of the Brain? 6.9 Two Objections Considered 6.9.1 Would We Really Have to Copy So Much into Imagination? 6.9.2 Thought Experiments—Hard Cases for Me? 6.10 Recap 7 Pretense Part I: Metaphysics and Epistemology 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Psychology: Three Questions about the Relation of Pretense to Imagination 7.3 The Metaphysical Question: What Is It to Pretend? 7.4 What It Is to Pretend 7.5 Answering the Epistemological Question 7.6 Summary 8 Pretense Part II: Psychology 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Question of Quarantining from a Light-Duty Perspective 8.3 Quarantining: The Central Mistake 8.4 Inner Speech as Imagining? A Digression 8.5 Leslie’s Tea Party—a More Complex Pretense 8.6 Conditional Reasoning during Pretense 8.7 Inferential Disorderliness and the Outlandish Premise 8.8 Cognitive Attention—Asking Ourselves Questions and Holding Propositions in Mind 8.9 Freedom and Pterodactyls 8.10 Autism and Pretense 8.11 Conclusion 9 Consuming Fictions Part I: Recovering Fictional Truths 9.1 Imagination and the Many Puzzles of Fiction: Plan for the Next Three Chapters 9.2 Understanding a Fiction—the First Puzzle 9.3 Imaginative Filling-in—the Second Puzzle 9.3.1 Sidebar on Matravers 9.3.2 Recovering Fictional Content through Counterfactual Reasoning 9.3.3 Imagery and the Development of Indeterminate Fictional Truths 9.4 Extracting Fictional Truths through Non-counterfactual Reasoning 9.5 Constraints on Fiction-related Imaginings? 9.6 Reconciliation with Intentionalism—the Third and Fourth Puzzles of Comprehension 9.7 Summary 10 Consuming Fictions Part II: The Operator Claim 10.1 Introduction 10.2 The Operator Claim 10.3 Mapping the Territory: Three Views 10.4 To Which Fiction Do Your Desires Refer? Troubles for the Simple View 10.5 Troubles with I-desires 10.6 The Life-expectancy of Fiction-directed Desires 10.7 Imagining that, in the Fiction, p, and the Problem of Thatcher’s Pearls 10.8 The OC’s Implications 10.9 Immersion in the Fiction as Such? 10.10 Does Immersion Involve an Imaginative “Spectrum”? 10.11 Being Upset at the Fiction Itself, or Its Events? 10.12 Summary 11 Consuming Fictions Part III: Immersion, Emotion, and the Paradox of Fiction 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The Emotional Irrelevance of What We Merely Imagine 11.3 The Paradox of Fiction 11.4 Some Background on the Paradox 11.5 Distinguishing the Metaphysical and Normative Puzzles 11.6 Solving the Normative Puzzle: False Starts 11.7 Believing It Is a Fiction and the Norms of Immersion 11.8 But None of These Things Are Happening! Summary via Objection 11.9 Back to the Triad 11.10 Summary 12 Creativity 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Creativity and A-imagining 12.3 The Easy versus the Hard Problems of Creativity 12.4 The Build Challenge 12.5 Losing the Scent—Recent Missteps in Linking (Sui Generis) Imaginings to Creativity 12.6 Back to the Deep Waters 12.7 Songwriters on Songwriting 12.8 Creativity and the Subconscious 12.9 Creativity and Associationism 12.10 Generative Adversarial Networks 12.11 The Importance of Being Earnest 12.12 Character, Creativity, and Conscious Dreams 12.13 Concluding Thoughts References Index