Another View of Stalin

Description

Ludo Martens goes back through the history of the early USSR to show that Stalin did more good than bad-- to give another view of Stalin. FOREWORD............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION: THE IMPORTANCE OF STALIN........................................................................................................6 STALIN IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE IN THE FORMER SOCIALIST COUNTRIES................................................................................................ 9 STALIN IS AT THE CENTER OF POLITICAL DEBATES IN SOCIALIST COUNTRIES............................................................................................9 STALIN'S WORK IS OF CRUCIAL IMPORTANCE IN THE THIRD WORLD..................................................................................................... 9 STALIN'S WORK TAKES ON NEW MEANING GIVEN THE SITUATION CREATED SINCE CAPITALIST RESTORATION IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 IN COMMUNIST PARTIES AROUND THE WORLD, THE IDEOLOGICAL STRUGGLE AROUND THE STALIN QUESTION PRESENTS MANY COMMON CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................................................................................................................... 11 THE YOUNG STALIN FORGES HIS ARMS..................................................................................................................... 13 STALIN'S ACTIVITIES IN 1900—1917..........................................................................................................................................15 THE `SOCIALISTS' AND REVOLUTION............................................................................................................................................. 20 STALIN DURING THE CIVIL WAR..................................................................................................................................................22 LENIN'S `WILL'........................................................................................................................................................................ 25 BUILDING SOCIALISM IN ONE COUNTRY...................................................................................................................32 SOCIALIST INDUSTRIALIZATION.................................................................................................................................. 39 HEROISM AND ENTHUSIASM.........................................................................................................................................................40 CLASS WAR.............................................................................................................................................................................. 43 AN ECONOMIC MIRACLE............................................................................................................................................................. 46 COLLECTIVIZATION.......................................................................................................................................................... 48 FROM REBUILDING PRODUCTION TO SOCIAL CONFRONTATION.............................................................................................................48 Weakness of the party in the countryside.........................................................................................................................49 The character of the Russian peasant............................................................................................................................. 50 New class differentiation................................................................................................................................................. 51 Who controlled the market wheat?..................................................................................................................................52 Towards confrontation.....................................................................................................................................................52 Bukharin's position..........................................................................................................................................................53 Betting on the kolkhoz .................................................................................................................................................... 54 ... or betting on the individual peasant?..........................................................................................................................55 THE FIRST WAVE OF COLLECTIVIZATION......................................................................................................................................... 56 The kulak......................................................................................................................................................................... 56 The kolkhozy surpass the kulaks......................................................................................................................................57 A fiery mass movement.................................................................................................................................................... 58 The war against the kulak............................................................................................................................................... 59 The essential rôle of the most oppressed masses.............................................................................................................60 THE ORGANIZATIONAL LINE ON COLLECTIVIZATION.......................................................................................................................... 61 The Party apparatus in the countryside.......................................................................................................................... 61 Extraordinary organizational measures..........................................................................................................................62 The 25,000....................................................................................................................................................................... 63 The 25,000 against the bureaucracy............................................................................................................................... 64 The 25,000 against the kulaks......................................................................................................................................... 65 The 25,000 and the organization of agricultural production.......................................................................................... 65 THE POLITICAL DIRECTION OF COLLECTIVIZATION............................................................................................................................66 The November 1929 resolution........................................................................................................................................68 Reject Bukharin's opportunism........................................................................................................................................68 New difficulties, new tasks...............................................................................................................................................69 The January 5, 1930 resolution.......................................................................................................................................70 `DEKULAKIZATION'.................................................................................................................................................................... 71 Kulak rumors and indoctrination.................................................................................................................................... 72 What should be done with the kulaks?............................................................................................................................ 73 Struggle to the end...........................................................................................................................................................74 The resolution on dekulakization.....................................................................................................................................75 The kulak offensive picks up strength..............................................................................................................................76 Kautsky and the `kulak revolution'.................................................................................................................................. 77 `DIZZY WITH SUCCESS'...............................................................................................................................................................78 Stalin corrects..................................................................................................................................................................79 Rectify and consolidate................................................................................................................................................... 80 Right opportunism rears its head.................................................................................................................................... 81 The anti-Communists attack............................................................................................................................................82 Retreats and advances.....................................................................................................................................................83 Remarkable results.......................................................................................................................................................... 83 THE RISE OF SOCIALIST AGRICULTURE........................................................................................................................................... 85 The second wave of collectivization................................................................................................................................ 85 Economic and social creativity........................................................................................................................................86 Investments in the countryside........................................................................................................................................ 88 The breakthrough of socialist agriculture....................................................................................................................... 89 `Colossal support'............................................................................................................................................................90 THE COLLECTIVIZATION `GENOCIDE'..............................................................................................................................................92 COLLECTIVIZATION AND THE `UKRAINIAN HOLOCAUST'..................................................................................95 A BOOK FROM HITLER............................................................................................................................................................... 97 A BOOK FROM MCCARTHY.........................................................................................................................................................99 BETWEEN 1 AND 15 MILLION DEAD........................................................................................................................................... 99 TWO PROFESSORS TO THE RESCUE OF UKRAINIAN NAZIS............................................................................................................... 100 `SCIENTIFIC' CALCULATIONS...................................................................................................................................................... 101 B-MOVIES.............................................................................................................................................................................. 102 HARVEST OF SORROW: CONQUEST AND THE RECONVERSION OF UKRAINIAN NAZI COLLABORATORS..................................................... 103 CONQUEST'S FASCIST SOURCES...................................................................................................................................................107 THE CAUSES OF FAMINE IN THE UKRAINE.................................................................................................................................... 108 UKRAINE UNDER NAZI OCCUPATION............................................................................................................................................111 THE STRUGGLE AGAINST BUREAUCRACY.............................................................................................................. 112 ANTI-COMMUNISTS AGAINST `BUREAUCRACY'..............................................................................................................................112 BOLSHEVIKS AGAINST BUREAUCRATIZATION................................................................................................................................. 113 REINFORCE PUBLIC EDUCATION.................................................................................................................................................. 114 REGULARLY PURGE THE PARTY..................................................................................................................................................115 THE STRUGGLE FOR REVOLUTIONARY DEMOCRACY........................................................................................................................ 116 THE PARTY ELECTIONS IN 1937: A `REVOLUTION'........................................................................................................................117 THE GREAT PURGE...........................................................................................................................................................118 HOW DID THE CLASS ENEMY PROBLEM POSE ITSELF?..................................................................................................................... 121 Boris Bazhanov..............................................................................................................................................................121 George Solomon............................................................................................................................................................ 122 Frunze............................................................................................................................................................................124 Alexander Zinoviev........................................................................................................................................................125 THE STRUGGLE AGAINST OPPORTUNISM IN THE PARTY................................................................................................................... 126 THE TRIALS AND STRUGGLE AGAINST REVISIONISM AND ENEMY INFILTRATION.................................................................................... 130 The trial of the Trotskyite-Zinovievist Centre................................................................................................................130 Trotsky and counter-revolution..................................................................................................................................................131 `Destroy the communist movement'......................................................................................................................................131 Capitalist restoration is impossible....................................................................................................................................... 133 In support of terror and insurrection..................................................................................................................................... 135 The Zinoviev--Kamenev--Smirnov counter-revolutionary group...............................................................................................136 The trial of Pyatakov and the Trotskyists...................................................................................................................... 137 Sabotage in the Urals................................................................................................................................................................. 138 Sabotage in Kazakhstan............................................................................................................................................................. 141 Pyatakov in Berlin..................................................................................................................................................................... 143 Sabotage in Magnitogorsk..........................................................................................................................................................144 The trial of the Bukharinist social-democratic group................................................................................................... 145 The February 1937 decision to purge.........................................................................................................................................145 The Riutin affair.........................................................................................................................................................................148 Bukharin's revisionism...............................................................................................................................................................149 Bukharin and the enemies of Bolshevism.................................................................................................................................. 150 Bukharin and the military conspiracy.........................................................................................................................................153 Bukharin and the question of the coup d'état..............................................................................................................................154 Bukharin's confession................................................................................................................................................................ 156 From Bukharin to Gorbachev.....................................................................................................................................................164 The Tukhachevsky trial and the anti-Communist conspiracy within the army..............................................................165 Plot?...........................................................................................................................................................................................166 The militarist and Bonapartist tendency.....................................................................................................................................170 Vlasov........................................................................................................................................................................................171 Solzhenitsyn...............................................................................................................................................................................173 A clandestine anti-Communist organization in the Red Army....................................................................................................175 THE 1937--1938 PURGE........................................................................................................................................................ 183 THE RECTIFICATION..................................................................................................................................................................187 THE WESTERN BOURGEOISIE AND THE PURGE..............................................................................................................................191 TROTSKY'S RÔLE ON THE EVE OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR........................................................................ 192 THE ENEMY IS THE NEW ARISTOCRACY, THE NEW BOLSHEVIK BOURGEOISIE...................................................................................... 193 BOLSHEVISM AND FASCISM........................................................................................................................................................195 DEFEATISM AND CAPITULATION IN FRONT OF NAZI GERMANY........................................................................................................ 196 TROTSKY AND THE TUKHACHEVSKY PLOT................................................................................................................................... 197 PROVOCATIONS IN THE SERVICE OF THE NAZIS............................................................................................................................. 199 TROTSKY ENCOURAGED TERRORISM AND ARMED INSURRECTION...................................................................................................... 201 STALIN AND THE ANTI-FASCIST WAR.........................................................................................................................203 THE GERMANO-SOVIET PACT...................................................................................................................................................203 DID STALIN POORLY PREPARE THE ANTI-FASCIST WAR?.................................................................................................................. 209 THE DAY OF THE GERMAN ATTACK.............................................................................................................................................214 STALIN AND THE NAZI WAR OF ANNIHILATION.............................................................................................................................. 224 STALIN, HIS PERSONALITY AND HIS MILITARY CAPACITIES............................................................................................................... 229 Stalin, the `dictator'.......................................................................................................................................................230 Stalin, the `hysteric'.......................................................................................................................................................234 Stalin, of `mediocre intelligence'................................................................................................................................... 238 Stalin's military merits...................................................................................................................................................239 FROM STALIN TO KHRUSHCHEV.................................................................................................................................241 THE U.S. TAKES UP WHERE NAZI GERMANY LEFT OFF................................................................................................................. 243 Gehlen, the Nazi, and the CIA.......................................................................................................................................243 The nuclear bomb against the Soviet Union................................................................................................................. 244 Anti-imperialist struggle and the struggle for peace.....................................................................................................246 Tito's revisionism and the United States........................................................................................................................249 STALIN AGAINST OPPORTUNISM.................................................................................................................................................. 256 Bourgeois tendencies in the thirties...............................................................................................................................256 Weaknesses in the struggle against opportunism.......................................................................................................... 259 Beria's and Khrushchev's revisionist groups.................................................................................................................260 Stalin against the future Khrushchevism.......................................................................................................................263 KHRUSHCHEV'S COUP D'ÉTAT..................................................................................................................................................... 268 Beria's intrigues.............................................................................................................................................................268 Stalin's death................................................................................................................................................................. 270 Khrushchev's intrigues against Beria............................................................................................................................271 The `rehabilitated' enemies........................................................................................................................................... 272 Khrushchev and the pacific counter-revolution............................................................................................................ 273 REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................................................... 275 FOREWORD.............................................................................................................................................................................275 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................................275 CHAPTER 1............................................................................................................................................................................ 275 CHAPTER 2............................................................................................................................................................................ 278 CHAPTER 3............................................................................................................................................................................ 279 CHAPTER 4............................................................................................................................................................................ 280 CHAPTER 5............................................................................................................................................................................ 288 CHAPTER 6............................................................................................................................................................................ 289 CHAPTER 7............................................................................................................................................................................ 290 CHAPTER 8............................................................................................................................................................................ 295 CHAPTER 9............................................................................................................................................................................ 296 CHAPTER 10.......................................................................................................................................................................... 298