Raspberry Pi Operating System Assembly Language

Description

Raspberry Pi Operating System Assembly Language is a fully revised and updated guide to learning to program ARM machine code on your Raspberry Pi. With nothing other than the Raspberry Pi Operating System installed on your Raspberry Pi, this book shows you how to access all the tools that you'll need to create your own machine code programs using assembly language. Ideal for the novice, this book starts from first principles and leads you comfortably on your way to become an accomplished programmer. Providing lucid descriptions, award winning author Bruce Smith keeps things simple and includes plenty of program examples you can try for yourself. Ideas and concepts are introduced in the order required so you should never be left wondering. This book is compatible with all Raspberry PI models including the RPi 4, 400 and 3. Just some of the many features include:•Practical approach with example programs•GCC assembler and linker•ARM registers and arrangements•Use of Operating System calls•Debugging with GDB•Using libc function calls•Programming the GPIO•Floating Point and Neon co-processors•Thumb Code•Full details at the author websiteExamples are provided that are written using the GCC Compiler running under the Raspberry Pi Operating System, and can be downloaded from the website at www.brucesmith.info .What reviewers have said about Bruce's books: "This book is an excellent introduction to coding in ARM assembler on the Raspberry Pi." "This is the first computer book I have read in bed for pleasure rather than to cure insomnia!" "Great introduction to ARM assembler." Using this eBook Acknowledgements Dedication About the Author Table Of Contents 1. Introduction Imagination Unlimited Start Experimenting GNU C Compiler Learn by Example What Will You Learn? Fourth Edition and Compatibility Raspberry Pi OS What About 64-bit? Keyboard Computing The Significance of ARM Raspberry Pi Through the Ages Compute Modules Notation in Use Table Terminology Centre for Computing History Companion Website and Free Books 2. Starting Out Numbers with Meaning ARM Instructions The Transformation Process Why Machine Code? Language Levels Into Orbit RISC and Instruction Sets Assembler Structure Error Of Your Ways Cross Compilers The Raspberry Pi ARM Chips(s) 3. First Time Out The Command Line Creating A Source File Come to the Execution Assembler Errors The Components Lack of _start Linking Files Tidying Up A Comment on Comments Geany Programmer’s Editor 4. Bits of a RISC Machine Binary to Decimal Binary to Hex Hex to Decimal and Back Binary Addition Subtraction Twos Complement Numbers When Twos Don’t Add Up Desktop Calculator 5. ARM Arrangements Word Lengths Byte and Word Accessed Memory Registers R15 - Program Counter Current Program Status Register Bits and Flags Setting Flags S Suffix R14: The Link Register R13: The Stack Pointer 6. Data Processing Addition Instructions Subtraction Multiplication Divide Arrives Move Instructions Compare Instructions Ordering Numbers 7. ROS Ins and Outs SWI and SVC Commands Writing to the Screen Reading from the Keyboard eax and Others 8. Logical Operations Logical AND Logical OR Logical EOR Logical Instructions ORR to Convert Character Case Bit Clear with BIC Flag Tests System Call Registers 9. Conditional Execution Single Flag Condition Codes EQ: Equal NE: Not Equal VS: Overflow Set VC: Overflow Clear MI: Minus Set PL: Plus Clear CS: Carry Set (HS: Higher or Same) CC: Carry Clear (LO: Lower) AL: Always NV: Never Multiple Flag Condition Code HI: Higher (Unsigned) LS: Lower Than or Same (Unsigned) GE: Greater or Equal (Signed) LT: Less Than (Signed) GT: Greater Than (Signed) LE: Less Than or Equal To (Signed) Mixing the S Suffix 10. Branch and Compare Branch Instructions The Link Register Using Compare Instructions Compare Forward Thinking Branch Exchange 11. Shifts and Rotates Logical Shifts Logical Shift Right Arithmetic Shift Right Rotations Extended Rotate Uses of Shifts and Rotates Immediate Constant Range Top Move 12. Smarter Numbers Long Multiplication Long Accumulation Division and Remainder Smarter Multiplication Much More Inside 13. Program Counter R15 Pipelining Calculating Branches 14. Debugging with GDB Frozen Cases Assembling for GDB The Disassembler Breakpoints Breakpoint Labels Memory Dump Shortcuts GDB Make Options 15. Data Transfer ADR Directive Indirect Addressing ADR and LDR Pre-Indexed Addressing Accessing Memory Bytes Address Write Back Post-Indexed Addressing Byte Conditions PC Relative Addressing 16. Block Transfer Write Back Block Copy Routine 17. Stacks Push and Pull Stack Growth Stack Application Framed Work Frame Pointer 18. Directives and Macros Data Storage Directives Aligning Data Macros Including Macros 19. File Handling File Permissions 20. Using libc Using C Functions in Assembler Source File Structure Investigating the Executable Number Input with Scanf Getting This Information 21. Writing Functions Function Standards More Than Three Preserving Links and Flags Robust Print Routines 22. Disassembling C GCC - The Swiss Army Knife A Simple C Framework Sourcing the Assembler A printf Example Frame Pointer Variables Disassembling System Calls 23. GPIO Functions Memory Mapping The GPIO Controller GPIO In and Outs Building the Code Other GPIO Functions GPIO Pins Explained 24. Floating-Point VFP Architecture The Register File Managing and Printing Assembling and Debugging VFP with GDB Load, Store and Move Precision Conversion Vector Arithmetic 25. VFP Control Register Conditional Execution Scalar and Vector Operations Which Type of Operator? Len and Stride 26. Neon Neon Assembler Neon Instructions and Data Types Addressing Modes VLD and VST in their Stride Load of Others Neon Intrinsic Neon Arrays Order Correctly Matrix Math Multi Matrix Macro Matrix Example 27. Thumb Code Differences Assembling Thumb Accessing High Registers Stack Operators Single and Multi-Register Functions in Thumb ARMv7 Thumb Instructions 28. Unified Language Thumb Changes New A32 Instructions Compare by Zero Assembling UAL 29. Exception Handing Modes of Operation Vectors Register Arrangements Exception Handling MRS and MSR Interrupts When? Your Interrupt Decisions Returning from Interrupts Writing Interrupt Routines 30. System on a Chip The ARM Chip & Instruction Sets Co-processors Pipeline Memory & Caches The GPU ARMv8 Overview Raspberry Pi OS 64-Bit In Summary Archimedes Principle A. ASCII Character Set B. ARM Instruction Set Load/Store Suffixes Compare and Test Instructions Branch Instructions Arithmetic Instructions Logical Instructions Data Movement Instructions C. RPi OS Syscalls