Global Perspectives on Boarding Schools in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Description

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, thousands of pupils attended boarding schools in various places across the globe. Their experiences were vastly different, yet they all had in common that they were separated from their families and childhood friends for a period of time in order to sleep, eat, learn and move within the limited spatial sites of the boarding school. This book frames these ‘boarding schools’ as a global and transcultural phenomenon that is part of larger political and social developments of European imperialism, the Cold War, and independence movements. Drawing together case studies from colonial South Africa, colonial India, Dutch Indonesia, early twentieth-century Nigeria, Fascist Spain, Ghana, Nazi Germany, nineteenth-century Ireland, North America and the Soviet Union, this edited collection examines the ways in which boarding schools extracted pupils from their original social background in order to train, mold and shape them so that they could fit into the perceived position in broader society. The book makes the broader argument that framing boarding schools as a global phenomenon is imperative for a deepened understanding of the global and transnational networks that linked people as well as ideas and practices of education and childhood in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.    Acknowledgements Contents Notes on Contributors List of Figures 1 Global Perspectives on Boarding Schools in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries A Word on ‘Boarding Schools’: Common Features and Different Purposes Research on Boarding Schools: State of the Art and Our Approach Transnational Boarding Schools: Structure of the Volume and the Case Studies Notes Bibliography Part I Elites 2 Including Émigrés and Excluding Americans? The Philadelphia Female Seminary of Madame Marie Rivardi (aka Maria von Born) “The Mansion of All the Virtues and Graces”: The Rivardi’s Seminary, 1802–1814 “Gothicating”: Excluding and Including in Philadelphia “More as a National, Than as a Local Establishment”: Constructions of Legitimacy Notes Bibliography 3 Artisans and Aristocracy: Industrial Boarding Schools for Elite Africans in Mid-Nineteenth Century South Africa Industrial Boarding Schools at the Cape, 1855–1863 Educating Elites: Ekukhanyeni and Zonnebloem Conclusion Notes Bibliography 4 Nazi Elite Boarding Schools and the Attempted Creation of a New Class System Effacing Class Differences Through Social Engineering: Mining ‘Missions’ and Subsidised Places Recruitment Processes and Educational Practices at the NPEA: Pseudo-Inclusive or Genuinely Inclusive? Conclusions Notes Bibliography 5 Catholic Boarding Schools and the Re-making of the Spanish Right, 1900–1939 Plurality and Unity: Boarding Schools Around 1900 Authoritarian Modernity: Boarding Schools in the 1920s and 1930s Contradictions of Catholic Boarding School Education Conclusion Notes Bibliography Part II Marginalised 6 Prisoners of Education: Chiricahua Apaches, Schooling, and the Lived Experience of Settler Colonial Inclusion Borderlands Schooling Settler Colonial Schooling Crossing the Racial Line Conclusion Notes Bibliography 7 Recasting Poor Children: Basel Mission Boarding Schools in Colonial Malabar A Pedagogical Regime Everyday Spaces of Contestation Conclusion Notes Bibliography 8 Soviet Boarding Schools and the Social Marginalisation of the Urban Poor, 1958–1991 Families, Poverty, and Social Problems: Children’s Ways into Care Social Isolation in Care Living Conditions and Children’s Experiences in Care Preparing Children in Care for a Life in Society Conclusions Notes Bibliography Part III People and Networks 9 Spatiality, Semiotics and the Cultural Shaping of Children: The Boarding School Experience in Colonial India, 1790‒1955 The Boarding School for Elites, 1840‒1955 Boarding Schools for ‘Orphans’, 1790‒1880 Mission Boarding Prototype Female Boarders Building Colonial Capacity Conclusion Notes Bibliography 10 Logics of Immersion: Lake Mohonk and the U.S. Colonial Boarding School Notes Bibliography 11 Living on the Fringes: Boarding Secondary Schools in Nigeria and the Paradox of Colonialism A ‘Home Away from Home’: Historicising Boarding Schools in Nigeria On (Re)locations The Hidden Curriculum Conclusion Notes Bibliography Part IV Practices and Processes 12 Girls’ Bodies as a Site of Reform: The Roman Catholic Boarding Schools in Flores, Colonial Indonesia, c.1880s–1940s Catholic Education and Colonial Governmentality Children as ‘Gifts’ to the Mission: The Alliance with Local Elites Against ‘Selling Daughters’: The Campaign for Gendered Reforms Clean Nails and Combed Hair: Body Practices as a Civilising Tool Conclusion Notes Bibliography 13 ‘Just a Bit of Fun’: Recreation, Ritual, and Masculinity in Irish Boys’ Boarding Schools, 1800–1880 Irish Boys’ Boarding Schools Boys’ Republic Notes Bibliography 14 Subverting Exclusion and Oppression: Historical Perspectives of Student Experiences at Boarding Schools for the Deaf in German-Speaking Counties Sources Contexts: A Sketchy International History of Boarding Schools for the Deaf Boarding Schools for the Deaf as Oppressive Oral Spaces Boarding Schools for the Deaf as Subversive Sign Spaces Conclusion Notes Bibliography 15 Bullying in the Name of Care: A Social History of ‘Homoing’ Among Students in Ghanaian Boarding Schools Etymology of Bullying and Historiography of Bullying in Schools Hierarchical System of Homoing A History of Homoing in Ghana: The Colonial Experience Experiences of Homoing Homoing as a Continued Tradition in Postcolonial Ghana Conclusion Notes Bibliography Part V Epilogue 16 Epilogue: New Directions in the History of Boarding Schools Notes Bibliography Index