Groundwater Quality: Assessment and Environmental Impact

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"Groundwater Quality: Assessment and Environmental Impact first discusses arsenic contamination in groundwater, which has emerged as a major health hazard in India. The authors review a generalized scenario of groundwater in the Greater Dhaka Area, focusing on the deterioration of groundwater quality over the years and its impact on the environment. Following this, the chemical composition of rainwater and groundwater from the Mount Cameroon area in May-July 2017 is analyzed, and the impact of water-rockinteractions on groundwater chemistry is assessed. The concluding study aims to assess the extent of exposure to fluoride in inhabitants of Raebareli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, generating baseline data about the fluoride-contaminated area"-- Contents Preface Chapter 1 Arsenic in Groundwater: Occurrences, Implications and Mitigation Strategies Abstract Introduction Global Scenario Indian Sub-Continent Scenario Forms of Arsenic and Their Mobilization Geochemistry of Arsenic Sources of Arsenic Arsenic in the Environment Arsenic in Consolidated and Unconsolidated Formations Arsenic in Consolidated Formations Case Study of Chhattisgarh State, India As in Unconsolidated Formations Arsenic Issues in Agriculture and Irrigation Experimental Artificial Recharge Studies Dilution Study Impact of Pumping Isotope Studies Case Study in Bengal Delta Surface Water Groundwater Samples Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Occurrences Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation in Various Hydrogeological Terrains Generation of Arsenic Sludge Techniques for Arsenic Sludge Disposal Geomelt Technique Ex-Situ Remediation In-Situ Remediation Socio-Economic Survey on Implications of High Arsenic on Human and Crop Health A Case Study in Bengal Delta Health Surveillance Recommendations for Future Research and Sustainable Mitigation Strategies General Perspectives of Arsenic Remediation Recommendations Source, Genesis, Migration/Ground Water Security Recommendations Arsenic in Food Chain and Food Safety Recommendations Technology/Mitigation Options-I Recommendations Technology Options/Mitigation Options-II Recommendations Socio-Economic and Health Issues and Communication Strategies Recommendations Human Health Risk and Impact of Arsenic Exposure from Groundwater Recommendations Industry Related Presentations on Technology Options Recommendations Monitoring, Surveillance, and Risk Management Recommendations Policies and Implementation Strategies for Arsenic Policies Implementation Strategies Source, Monitoring, Surveillance, and Risk Management Recommendations Health and Food Chain Recommendations Socio-Economic Issues and Communication Strategies Recommendations Conclusion Acknowledgments References Chapter 2 Groundwater Quality in the Megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh: Assessment and Environmental Impact Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Geological Setting of Dhaka 3. Climate of Dhaka 4. Hydrogeological Setting of Dipu Tila Aquifer 5. Trends in Groundwater Levels, Water Quality and Pollution 5.1. Significance of Falling Groundwater Levels in the Dipu Tila Aquifer 5.2. Groundwater Quality 5.3. Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Dipu Tila Aquifer 5.3.1. Leathering Processing and Its Impact on Groundwater 5.3.2. Textile Manufacturing and Its Impact on Groundwater 5.3.3. Brick Manufacturing and Its Impact on Groundwater 5.3.4. Faecal Contamination of Groundwater Conclusion Acknowledgments References Biographical Sketch Chapter 3 From Rainwater to Groundwater Chemistry. Case Study: Mt. Cameroon Area Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Description of the Study Area 2.1.1. Location of the Study Area 2.1.2. Geology of the Study Area 2.1.3. Climate 2.1.4. Hydrogeology 2.2. Sampling and Analytical Methods 3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Physical Characteristics 3.2. Chemical Characteristics 3.2.1. Cations 3.2.2. Anions 3.2.2.1. Cations 3.2.2.2. Anions 3.3. Origin of Major Ions 3.3.1. Correlation Factors 3.3.2. Correlation Analysis 3.4. Hydrochemistry 3.4.1. Hydrochemical Facies 3.4.2. Mechanisms Controlling Water Chemistry 3.4.3. Hydrochemical Evolution Conclusion References Chapter 4 High Exposure Dose of Fluoride Owing to Risk of Fluorosis in Inhabitants of Sareni Block Located at the Ganga River Basin Uttar Pradesh (India) Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods Study Area Sample Collection and Analysis Statistical Analysis Exposure Dose Assessment of Fluoride and Water Intake Quality Control and Quality Assurance Results and Discussion Evaluation for Drinking Water Quality Fluoride Contamination Statistical Analysis Fluoride Exposure Dose Assessment from Drinking Water Preventive Measures Conclusion Acknowledgments References Index Blank Page Blank Page