ENGLISH

The datacenter as a computer : an introduction to the design of warehouse-scale machines

By Luiz André Barroso; Urs Hölzle

Book information

Publisher
Morgan & Claypool
Year
2009
ISBN
9781598295566, 159829556X, 9781598295573, 1598295578
Language
english
Format
PDF
Filesize
3 MB (2933477 bytes)
Series
Synthesis lecture on computer architecture #6
Pages
\120
Time added
2021-11-26 22:29:12

Description

The Datacenter as a Computer: An Introduction to the Design of Warehouse-Scale Machines Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture Abstract Keywords Acknowledgments Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 WAREHOUSE-SCALE COMPUTERS 1.2 EMPHASIS ON COST EFFICIENCY 1.3 NOT JUST A COLLECTION OF SERVERS 1.4 ONE DATACENTER VS. SEVERAL DATACENTERS 1.5 WHY WSCs MIGHT MATTER TO YOU 1.6 ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW OF WSCs 1.6.1 Storage 1.6.2 Networking Fabric 1.6.3 Storage Hierarchy 1.6.4 Quantifying Latency, Bandwidth, and Capacity 1.6.5 Power Usage 1.6.6 Handling Failures Chapter 2 Workloads and Software Infrastructure 2.1 DATACENTER VS. DESKTOP 2.2 PERFORMANCE AND AVAILABILITY TOOLBOX 2.3 CLUSTER-LEVEL INFRASTRUCTURE SOFTWARE 2.3.1 Resource Management 2.3.2 Hardware Abstraction and Other Basic Services 2.3.3 Deployment and Maintenance 2.3.4 Programming Frameworks 2.4 Application-Level Software 2.4.1 Workload Examples 2.4.2 Online: Web Search 2.4.3 Offline: Scholar Article Similarity 2.5 A MONITORING INFRASTRUCTURE 2.5.1 Service-Level Dashboards 2.5.2 Performance Debugging Tools 2.5.3 Platform-Level Monitoring 2.6 Buy vs. Build 2.7 FURTHER READING Chapter 3 Hardware Building Blocks 3.1 COST-EFFICIENT HARDWARE 3.1.1 How About Parallel Application Performance? 3.1.2 How Low-End Can You Go? 3.1.3 Balanced Designs Chapter 4 Datacenter Basics 4.1 DATACENTER TIER CLASSIFICATIONS 4.2 DATACENTER POWER SYSTEMS 4.2.1 UPS Systems 4.2.2 Power Distribution Units 4.3 DATACENTER COOLING SYSTEMS 4.3.1 CRAC Units 4.3.2 Free Cooling 4.3.3 Air Flow Considerations 4.3.4 In-Rack Cooling 4.3.5 Container-Based Datacenters Chapter 5 Energy and Power Efficiency 5.1 DATACENTER ENERGY EFFICIENCY 5.1.1 Sources of Efficiency Losses in Datacenters 5.1.2 Improving the Energy Efficiency of Datacenters 5.2 MEASURING THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPUTING 5.2.1 Some Useful Benchmarks 5.2.2 Load vs. Efficiency 5.3 ENERGY-PROPORTIONAL COMPUTING 5.3.1 Dynamic Power Range of Energy-Proportional Machines 5.3.2 Causes of Poor Energy Proportionality 5.3.3 How to Improve Energy Proportionality 5.4 RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW-POWER MODES 5.5 THE ROLE OF SOFTWARE IN ENERGY PROPORTIONALITY 5.6 DATACENTER POWER PROVISIONING 5.6.1 Deployment and Power Management Strategies 5.6.2 Advantages of Oversubscribing Facility Power 5.7 TRENDS IN SERVER ENERGY USAGE 5.8 CONCLUSIONS 5.8.1 Further Reading Chapter 6 Modeling Costs 6.1 CAPITAL COSTS 6.2 OPERATIONAL COSTS 6.3 CASE STUDIES 6.3.1 Real-World Datacenter Costs 6.3.2 Modeling a Partially Filled Datacenter Chapter 7 Dealing with Failures and Repairs 7.1 IMPLICATIONS OF SOFTWARE-BASED FAULT TOLERANCE 7.2 CATEGORIZING FAULTS 7.2.1 Fault Severity 7.2.2 Causes of Service-Level Faults 7.3 MACHINE-LEVEL FAILURES 7.3.1 What Causes Machine Crashes? DRAM soft-errors Disk errors 7.3.2 Predicting Faults 7.4 REPAIRS 7.5 TOLERATING FAULTS, NOT HIDING THEM Chapter 8 Closing Remarks 8.1 HARDWARE 8.2 SOFTWARE 8.3 ECONOMICS 8.4 KEY CHALLENGES 8.4.1 Rapidly Changing Workloads 8.4.2 Building Balanced Systems from Imbalanced Components 8.4.3 Curbing Energy Usage 8.4.4 Amdahl’s Cruel Law 8.5 CONCLUSIONS References Author Biographies

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