Corporate Capitalism's Use of Openness: Profit for Free?

Description

Addresses issues of governance and citizenship, politics and policy outcomes Sits at the intersection of three fields of knowledge concerning commons and collaborative production, new business models on the Internet, and politics of cognitive capitalism’s social relations Establishes the particularities of "open" business models and the ways in which these models are implicated in contemporary capitalist accumulation Acknowledgments Praise for Corporate Capitalism’s Use of Openness Contents List of Figures List of Tables 1: Introduction 1.1 Early Promises and Expectations 1.2 Ideological Distortions Under Capitalism: Californian Ideology Turning into Openness Ideology 1.3 Profit from Openness Versus Profit from Enclosures Models 1.4 What’s Wrong with Profit from Openness? 1.5 Chapter Outline References 2: Profiting from Openness: A Critique of a New Business Model 2.1 From Profits from Enclosures to Profits from Openness: Business Models in Cognitive Capitalism 2.1.1 Material Underpinnings of Cognitive Capitalism 2.1.2 Profit from Enclosures-Model: Expansion of Intellectual Property 2.1.3 Emergence of a Profit from Openness Model 2.2 Open and Free 2.2.1 Western Political Ideologies’ Understanding of Freedom 2.2.1.1 Liberalism 2.2.1.2 Marxism 2.2.1.3 Republicanism 2.2.2 Open and Free as Understood in the Debate Between Free Software and Open Source Software 2.3 Ideologies and Ideology Analysis 2.4 Labor, Work and Profits 2.4.1 Labor 2.4.1.1 Immaterial Labor 2.4.1.2 Digital Labor 2.4.2 Work and Productive Activities 2.4.2.1 Work Versus Labor 2.4.2.2 Productive Activities like Working, Playing and Gaming 2.4.2.3 Alienation 2.4.3 Profits 2.4.3.1 Rent 2.4.3.2 Exploitation 2.5 Commons and Peer Production 2.6 Platforms, Social Actors and Flows in the Profit from Openness Model 2.6.1 Platforms 2.6.2 Social Actors and Flows References 3: Profiting from Free and Open Source Software 3.1 Techno-legal Foundations for Hybrid Business Models Built on Linux Distributions 3.2 Businesses Built on Free and Open Source Code in General, and Red Hat in Particular 3.3 Case Description: Red Hat’s Business Model 3.4 Red Hat’s Products and Prices 3.5 Schema of Flows and Actors 3.6 Regulations 3.7 Role and Enactment of Ideology 3.8 Conclusions References 4: Profiting from Open Access Publishing 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Serial Pricing Crisis (The Subscription Model) 4.1.2 Big Bundles 4.1.3 OA as a Response to the Serial Pricing Crisis 4.1.4 Green OA 4.1.5 Gold OA 4.1.6 Hybrid Journals: A Dialectical Synthesis, or Just a Commercial Co-optation of OA? 4.2 Scientific Publishers’ OA Business Models in General and Elsevier’s in Particular 4.2.1 Plan S: A Challenge to the Hybrid Journal and the Subscription Model 4.2.2 Case Description 4.2.3 Elsevier’s OA Products 4.3 Scheme of Flows and Actors 4.4 Regulations 4.5 Role and Enactment of Openness Ideology 4.6 Conclusions References 5: Profiting from Open Audiovisual Content 5.1 Audiovisual Content Platforms and YouTube 5.1.1 Audiovisual Content Platforms 5.1.2 YouTube 5.1.3 YouTube Economics: Employees, Revenues and “Partners” 5.2 Scheme of Flows and Actors 5.3 Regulations 5.4 Profits and Exploitation 5.5 Role and Enactment of Openness Ideology 5.5.1 Gaining Attention and Making Money 5.5.2 Creativity, Creators and Partners 5.5.3 Community 5.5.4 Openness and Freedom 5.5.5 Summary 5.6 Conclusions References 6: Profiting from Massive Open Online Courses 6.1 MOOCs in General and Coursera in Particular 6.1.1 What Are MOOCs? 6.1.2 Coursera 6.2 Scheme of Flows and Actors 6.3 Regulations 6.3.1 Who Owns the Courses: Teachers or Universities? 6.3.2 Contracts Between Universities and Coursera 6.3.3 Learner Produced Content: Terms and Conditions 6.3.4 What Can Be Done with Coursera’s Content? 6.4 Profits and Exploitation 6.4.1 Academics 6.4.2 Learners 6.5 Role and Enactment of Openness Ideology 6.6 Conclusions References 7: Conclusions and Policies 7.1 Summary of Insights from Case Studies 7.2 Policy Discussion Section 7.2.1 Policy 1: Economic Policies 7.2.1.1 Taxes 7.2.1.2 Fees 7.2.1.3 Data 7.2.1.4 Universal Basic Income 7.2.2 Policy 2: Technical Policies 7.2.2.1 Internet 7.2.2.2 Hardware and Algorithms 7.2.3 Policy 3: Legal Policies 7.2.3.1 Merits and Limitations of Main Open Licenses 7.2.3.2 Commoners License Family 7.2.4 Policy 4: Non-profit Alternatives 7.2.4.1 Co-ops 7.2.4.2 Commons-Based Peer Production (CBPP) 7.2.4.3 Independent State Agencies’ Platforms 7.2.4.4 Platforms for Commoning: Comparison and General Issues References Index