Evolution of the Human Genome I: The Genome and Genes

Description

This book reviews the human genome from an evolutionary perspective. No such book has ever been published before, although there are many books on human genomes. There are two parts in this book: Overview of the Human Genome (Part I) and The Human Genome Viewed through Genes (Part II). In Part I, after a brief review of human evolution and the human genome (by Naruya Saitou), chapters on rubbish or junk DNA (by Dan Graur), GC content heterogeneity (by Satoshi Oota), protein coding and RNA coding genes (by Tadashi Imanishi), duplicated genes (by Takashi Kitano), recombinations (by Montanucci and Bertranpetit), and copy number variations including microsatellites (by Naoko Takezaki) are discussed. Readers can obtain various new insights on the human genome from this part. In Part II, genes in X and Y chromosomes (by Yoko Satta and others), HLA genes (by Timothy A. Jinam), opsin genes (by Shoji Kawamuraand Amanda D. Melin), genes related to phenotypic variations (by Ryosuke Kimura), transcription factors (by Mahoko Takahashi and So Nakagawa), diabetes-related genes (by Ituro Inoue), disease genes in general (by Ituro Inoue and Hirofumi Nakaoka), and microbial genomes (by Chaochun Wei) are discussed. The human genome sequences were determined in 2004, and after more than 10 years we are now beginning to understand the human genome from an evolutionary point of view. This book furnishes readers with a good summary of current research in the field. Front Matter ....Pages i-viii Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 Human Evolution and Human Genome at a Glance (Naruya Saitou)....Pages 3-17 Rubbish DNA: The Functionless Fraction of the Human Genome (Dan Graur)....Pages 19-60 GC Content Heterogeneity (Satoshi Oota)....Pages 61-92 Protein-Coding and Noncoding RNA Genes (Tadashi Imanishi)....Pages 93-116 Duplicated Genes (Takashi Kitano)....Pages 117-130 Recombination (Ludovica Montanucci, Jaume Bertranpetit)....Pages 131-142 CNVs and Microsatellite DNA Polymorphism (Naoko Takezaki)....Pages 143-155 Front Matter ....Pages 157-157 Genes on X and Y Chromosomes (Yoko Satta, Yukako Katsura, Mineyo Iwase)....Pages 159-172 Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Region in Human Population Studies (Timothy A. Jinam)....Pages 173-179 Evolution of Genes for Color Vision and the Chemical Senses in Primates (Shoji Kawamura, Amanda D. Melin)....Pages 181-216 Global Landscapes of Human Phenotypic Variation in Inherited Traits (Ryosuke Kimura)....Pages 217-239 Transcription Factor Genes (Mahoko Ueda Takahashi, So Nakagawa)....Pages 241-263 Genetics of Diabetes: Are They Thrifty Genotype? (Ituro Inoue, Hirofumi Nakaoka)....Pages 265-272 Disease-Related Genes from Population Genetic Aspect and Their Functional Significance (Ituro Inoue, Hirofumi Nakaoka)....Pages 273-283 Microbe Genomes Associated with Human Body (Chaochun Wei, Ben Jia)....Pages 285-300 Back Matter ....Pages 301-305