ENGLISH

Aspects of Metaphor in Physics (Linguistische Arbeiten)

By Hanna Pulaczewska

Book information

Publisher
Max Niemeyer Verlag
ISBN
3484304073, 9783484304079
Language
english
Format
PDF
Filesize
59 MB (61584954 bytes)
Pages
301\312
Time added
2023-05-27 02:04:19

Description

For decades there has been awareness of the fact that the natural sciences and the language they use are not metaphor-free domains. This study draws together statements on this phenomenon made in a discourse context hitherto dominated by theoreticians and philosophers of science and points up new perspectives of an interdisciplinary nature discussed here primarily from the viewpoint of cognitive semantics. How do metaphors enter into a discourse with physics? To what extent are the methods used and the issues addressed in physics influenced by metaphors? How do the ubiquitous metaphors of everyday language help us to impose a structure on physics knowledge and express abstract ideas in concrete images? These and other related issues are discussed with reference to copious examples. Acknowledgements Abbreviations 1. Introduction Part One: The notion of metaphor and its relation to the discourse of physics 2. Approaches to metaphor: past and present 2.1. A short history of metaphor 2.2. Metaphor, an enemy of science: the early modern view 2.3. Metaphor, a friend of science: contemporary physicists on scientific language 2.4. Current paradigms in research on metaphor in science 3. Identifying metaphor in physical science: sorts, functions, and related concepts 3.1. Metaphor and related concepts 3.2. A working definition of metaphor 3.3. Sorts and functions of metaphor in physical discourse Part Two: Metaphors in physics 4. Underlying metaphors of everyday thought in meta-theory and the concept formation of physics 4.1. Hypostasis 4.2. Spatial metaphor 4.3. Animism and anthropomorphism 5. World theories in meta-theory and the concept formation 5.1. The notions “world theory” and “world model” 5.2. World machine 5.3. The world as a text 6. Stipulative reference extension 6.1. Stipulation of meaning: Huygens’ notion of sound wave 6.2. Invisible light and Roentgen’s “invisible rays” 7. Assimilative metaphor 7.1. “Fluid” electricity 7.2. The concept of wave 7.3. Life stories of metaphor: from metaphorical to literal and literal to metaphorical 8. Theory-constitutive and educational metaphors 8.1. Constitutive metaphor: waves of probability 8.2. Educational metaphor: curvature of space 8.3. From explanation to rhetoric 9. Metaphor and style: “figures of speech” in the language of physics 9.1. The position of “figures of speech” in the discourse of physics 9.2. The arrow of time 9.3. Heat death 9.4. Maxwell’s demon 10. Transfer of denotations in the terminology of physics 10.1. Metaphors in general language and in the terminology of physics: the general language basis for the transfer of denotations 10.2. Types of transfer of denotations 10.3. The terminology of physics and related disciplines 10.4. Fantasy-metaphor: the case of particle physics 10.5. “Mechanical work”: underlying metaphor, world theory, scientific analogy 10.6. Catachresis and satellite metaphors 10.7. Mathematical analogy 11. Thoughts and conclusions References

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