Geological-Structural Mapping and Favorable Sectors for Oil and Gas in Cuba: Non-seismic Exploration Methods

Description

The so-called "Non-conventional geophysical-geochemical exploration methods" are used, in the particular case of oil and gas exploration, for the detection and mapping of active microseepage of light hydrocarbons with a vertical nature on the gas-oil accumulations. The non-seismic exploration methods used in Cuba are: Remote Sensing, Gravimetry, Aeromagnetometry, Airborne Gamma Spectrometry (AGS) and Morphometry (non-conventional, from the Digital Elevation Model 90x90m). The AGS also classifies, as a non-conventional geophysical-geochemical method, together with the Redox Complex. Besides, it is of interest to know the geological-structural framework where these microseepage occur. That is why the benefits of using these methods (excluding Redox Complex), prior to their integration with geological and seismic data, translate into a first approximation, valid for an initial understanding of geology and mapping of favourable areas of possible gas-oil interest. Finally, from the implementation of these methods (including Redox Complex), perspective sectors for oil and gas are obtained, once the integration with geology and seismic has been carried out. The book presents a brief theoretical account of the methods used and, as practical results, a set of perspective sectors of possible interest for exploration in Cuba. As a complementary result, the book also offer an evaluation of the areas that meet the petroleum-geologist premises for the presence of large accumulations of high quality oil in Cuba. Foreword Preface Contents Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables 1 Non-seismic and Non-conventional Exploration Methods for Oil and Gas in Cuba: Perspective Sectors 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Physical–Chemical–Geological Premises 1.2 Materials and Methods 1.2.1 Materials 1.2.2 Methods 1.3 Results and Discussion 1.3.1 Western Cuba, Motembo SE Sector 1.3.2 Central Cuba, Oeste De Ceballos and La Vigía Sectors, Central Basin 1.3.3 Central-Eastern Cuba, Maniabón Sector 1.4 Conclusions References 2 Geological–Structural Mapping and Favorable Sectors for Oil and Gas in Western Cuba Through Non-seismic Exploration Methods 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Geographical Location 2.1.2 Land Exploratory Blocks 7, 8A and 9A 2.1.3 Regional Geological Model 2.1.4 Geological Task 2.1.5 Physical–Chemical–Geological Premises 2.2 Materials and Methods 2.2.1 Information and Its Sources 2.2.2 Methods and Techniques 2.3 Results 2.3.1 Information Processing and Interpretation 2.4 Discussion 2.4.1 Land Exploratory Block 6 2.4.2 Land Exploratory Blocks 7, 8A and 9A 2.5 Conclusions References 3 Identification and Mapping of Hydrocarbon Microseepage by Remote Sensors in the Majaguillar–Motembo Region, Cuba 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Location of the Study Region 3.1.2 Regional Geology and Tectonics 3.1.3 Petroleum Geology 3.2 Materials and Methods 3.2.1 Materials 3.2.2 Processing Methods and Techniques 3.3 Results 3.3.1 Analysis of Satellite Data 3.4 Discussion 3.4.1 Interpreted Sectors 3.5 Conclusions References 4 Physical-Geological Modeling of Potential Fields in the Northeastern Region of the Central Basin of Cuba 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Geological Framework 4.2 Materials and Methods 4.2.1 Materials 4.2.2 Methods and Techniques 4.3 Results and Discussion 4.3.1 Response of Potential Fields in the Central Basin 4.3.2 Modeling the Potential Fields 4.4 Conclusions References 5 Evaluation of Areas that Meet the Necessary Geological-Petroleum Premises for the Presence of Large Accumulations of High-Quality Oil 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Theoretical Framework 5.2.1 Commercial Quality of Oil 5.2.2 Geological Processes that Determine the Quality of Oil 5.3 Materials and Methods 5.4 Results 5.4.1 Oils 5.4.2 Source Rocks 5.4.3 Oil-Source Rock Correlation 5.4.4 Reservoirs 5.5 Discussion 5.5.1 Blocks 21–23 5.5.2 Block 7 5.5.3 Block 6 5.5.4 Block 13 5.5.5 Blocks 17 and 18 5.6 Conclusions References