State-building South Sudan International Intervention and the Formation of a Fragmented State

Description

The rise and fall of the Southern Sudanese state explained through an in-depth and empirically grounded analysis of the intersection between externally supported state-building projects and the historical process of endogenous state formation. Contents Acknowledgments Figures and Tables Abbreviations Introduction 1 State-Building in “Post-Conflict” South Sudan 2 Between Politics and Policies 3 Extraversion and the Agency of Local Actors 4 State-Building or State Formation? 5 Methodology 5.1 Space 5.2 Time 5.3 Positionality 5.4 Sources 6 Outline of the Book 1. Patterns of State-building in Southern Sudan in a Historical Perspective 1 Introduction 2 The Pattern of Physical Force: Violent Encounters 2.1 From Commerce to Rehearsal of Government 2.2 The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium 3 Building Predictability: Localized Bureaucratization 3.1 Government’s First Steps: Monetization and Taxation 3.2 The Development of Administrative Theory 3.3 The Southern Policy: Territorializing Communities 3.4 The Creation of Intra-South Inequalities 4 Rise and Fall of Modern State Legitimacy 4.1 The Emergence of Local Power Brokers 4.2 The State as a Source of Legitimate Power 5 The Post-Colonial State and War 5.1 The Anyanya Rebel Movement: Attempts at Controlling the Territory and Establishing (a Little) Legitimacy 5.2 The Local State in Times of Peace: Attempts at Changing the Pattern of State Formation 5.3 Strengthening Centralization: The Management of Land 5.4 The Crumbling of State Legitimacy: Failure of the Addis Ababa Agreement 6 Conclusions 2. SPLM and State-Building: Playing the “Fragile State” Card 1 Introduction 2 The SPLM: Local Guerrilla Government 2.1 A Unifying Narrative (and Contradictory Practices) 2.2 The Embryo Administration 2.3 The Civil Administration of the New Sudan 3 The Role of Relief Aid in Establishing splm/a’s “State-within-a-State” 3.1 Building splm’s Legitimacy: Operation Lifeline Sudan 3.2 A Difficult Relationship 3.3 Preventing Governance Failures: The star Project 4 Taking State-Building “Out of the Bush” 4.1 State-Building the splm 4.2 Workshops as a “Negotiation Arena” 5 Conclusion 3. Post-Conflict Decentralization 1 Introduction 2 The Benefit of Post-Conflict Decentralization: Dream or Reality? 3 The Establishment of the Local Government 4 Looking Like a State 4.1 The Aesthetics of the State 4.2 The Legibility of Local Government 5 Decentralization: A Rashomon Effect? 5.1 Effectiveness or Inclusion? 6 Conclusion 4. The State’s Delivery Function 1 Introduction 2 The Traditional Temptation 2.1 Traditional Resurgence with Donors’ Support 2.2 Local Chiefs and the splm 2.3 The Operationalization of Chiefs’ Inclusion in the Local Government 3 Providing Services to Southern Sudan 3.1 Service Delivery and Legitimate State-Building 3.2 Chiefs, Local Governments and the “Delivery Function” 3.3 International Support to Local Service Delivery 4 Using the Local State: Service Delivery Discourses and Practices 4.1 Yirol West: “Taking Towns to the People” or People Going to Town? 4.2 Drivers of “Administrative Independence” 4.3 The Politics of “Taking Towns to the People” 5 Conclusion 5. Land Governance and State-building 1 Introduction 2 Land Governance and State-building in Southern Sudan 2.1 The Community as a Right-Bearing Subject 2.2 “The Land Belongs to the Community” 3 Borders, Boundaries and Communities 3.1 The Demarcation Dilemma and the Politicization of Land Disputes 3.2 Claiming the Land, Pulling the Border 3.2.1 The Acholi–Madi Land Dispute 3.2.2 Manga between First-Comers and Late-Comers 3.2.3 Claiming Peri-Urban Land in Bentiu Town 3.3 Asserting Community Ownership of the Towns 3.3.1 Universal Rights of Citizens: A Contentious Issue 3.3.2 Customary Rights of the Community 4 Who is the Community? 4.1 (Flawed) Assumptions about Community Homogeneity 4.2 Representation or Patronage? 4.2.1 Community Participation Dynamics in Tindilo Payam 4.2.2 Concealing Exclusion in Lainya County 5 Conclusion Conclusion Bibliography List of Documents from the Local Government Board Archive List of Documents from Other Archives List of Interviews Individual Interviews Collective Interviews/Discussions Index Blank Page