International organizations in world politics
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"International organizations (IOs) are essential yet controversial actors in world politics today. This timely and engaging new title offers a comprehensive overview of major IOs and their role in global governance. [This book] presents a variety of theoretical approaches to analyzing the roles and impact of IOs. It then offers comprehensive, historically-grounded overviews of the most influential IOs--the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization. A detailed case study on each illuminates the constraints and challenges it faces in areas such as conflict resolution, development, the environment, trade, and financial crisis. This important new text also examines regional organizations, with an emphasis on the European Union and the euro crisis and the African Union's peace operations."-- Read more... Preface......Page 10 Chapter 1 Introduction......Page 15 What Is an IO?......Page 19 Brief History and Evolution......Page 21 Range of IO Goals......Page 24 Why Do States Create IOs?......Page 25 Conclusion......Page 29 Chapter 2 Intellectual Context: The Evolution of IO Theory......Page 34 1930s–1970s......Page 36 1970s–1990s: Realism, Neorealism......Page 38 Flavors of Institutionalism......Page 40 1990s–Present: Contemporary Issues and Debates......Page 45 Conclusion......Page 53 Chapter 3 United Nations......Page 66 Birth of the UN......Page 67 The UN Charter and Main Organs......Page 72 The Larger UN Family......Page 83 UN Evolution......Page 85 Post-Cold War and Beyond......Page 89 UN and Human Rights......Page 91 Peacekeeping and Peace Operations......Page 95 Scholarly Evaluation of Peacekeeping......Page 103 Conclusion......Page 105 Chapter 4 United Nations Case Study: Rwanda/Genocide......Page 114 What Happened......Page 115 The Aftermath......Page 120 What Went Wrong?......Page 121 Conclusion......Page 126 Chapter 5 The World Bank......Page 129 Birth of the Bank......Page 131 Evolution......Page 140 The Last Decade......Page 152 Perspectives on the Bank......Page 156 Conclusion......Page 158 Chapter 6 World Bank Case Study: Environmental Behavior and Performance......Page 165 Environment and Development......Page 167 How Might Bank Activities Impact the Environment?......Page 171 Evolution of Bank’s Environmental Activities, Politics, Behavior......Page 173 Some Quasi-Internal Critiques......Page 182 External Views and Debates......Page 184 Conclusion......Page 186 Chapter 7 The International Monetary Fund......Page 192 The IMF’s Mandate at Birth......Page 195 IMF Membership and Governance......Page 199 Major Turning Points in the IMF’s History......Page 200 Perspectives on the IMF......Page 212 Conclusion......Page 214 Chapter 8 International Monetary Fund Case Study: The IMF and the Global Financial Crisis......Page 218 What Sparked the Crisis?......Page 220 September 2008: The Crisis Erupts......Page 223 Enter the IMF......Page 226 Evaluation of Responses and Activities......Page 234 Conclusion......Page 236 Chapter 9 The World Trade Organization......Page 242 Open Markets, Protected Markets......Page 247 The GATT......Page 249 WTO Birth, Governance, Dispute Settlement......Page 255 Evolution......Page 260 Looking Ahead......Page 265 Perspectives on the WTO......Page 267 Conclusion......Page 268 Chapter 10 World Trade Organization Case Study: Intellectual Property, Trade, and Access to Medicine......Page 276 Trade and Pharmaceuticals......Page 280 November 2001 Doha Declaration and 2003 Cancun Agreement......Page 284 Evaluating the Doha Declaration......Page 285 Important Initiatives outside of the WTO......Page 286 Other Current Issues of WTO, Health, and Trade......Page 288 Perspectives on WTO, Intellectual Property, and Global Health Governance......Page 290 Conclusion......Page 292 Chapter 11 Regional Organizations/European Union......Page 297 Overview of Regional Organizations......Page 299 Debates about Regionals......Page 302 The European Union......Page 304 Economic and Monetary Union/Euro Crisis......Page 314 Perspectives on the EU......Page 317 Conclusion......Page 318 Chapter 12 Regional Organizations Case Study: African Union Peace Operations......Page 323 From the Old OAU to the New AU......Page 325 The Peace and Security Council......Page 327 Relationship between PSC and the UN Security Council......Page 328 PSC’s Major Peace Operations......Page 330 Evaluation......Page 333 Conclusion......Page 334 Notes......Page 338 Index......Page 400 About the Author......Page 461
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