Copyright Law, Digital Content And The Internet In The Asia-Pacific

Description

Copyright Law, Digital Content and the Internet in the Asia-Pacific provides a unique insight into the key issues facing copyright law and digital content policy in a networked information world. It emanates from a landmark conference – The First International Forum on the Content Industry and Intellectual Property – organised by Queensland University of Technology, The ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation and East China University of Political Science and Law in Shanghai in 2007. The book features chapters from a wide range of experts in their respective fields from across the Asia-Pacific region, including Australia, the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Indonesia and Singapore. Some of the areas examined include the new digital environment, digital content policy, the networked information economy, copyright law and new media. The book provides a timely and scholarly appraisal of the legal and policy considerations facing anyone trying to regulate, sponsor or utilise the vast array of new media and content platforms now available. COPYRIGHT LAW, DIGITAL CONTENT AND THE INTERNET IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC......Page 3 Copyright......Page 5 PREFACE......Page 6 FOREWORD......Page 8 CONTRIBUTORS......Page 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS......Page 11 People’s Republic of China......Page 13 United States......Page 14 People’s Republic of China......Page 16 United States......Page 17 PART 1 – THE NEW DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT......Page 19 FROM MOUSTACHES TO MY SPACES......Page 21 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE DIGITAL COPYRIGHT PROTECTION SYSTEM IN CHINESE COURTS......Page 30 The Release and Enforcement of the Judicial Interpretation Regarding Various Issues on the Application of Laws While Adjudicating Disputes Relating to Computer Networks......Page 31 THE AMENDMENT OF THE COPYRIGHT LAW AND THE NETWORKS COPYRIGHT INTERPRETATION......Page 32 THE 2ND AMENDMENT OF THE “NETWORKS COPYRIGHT INTERPRETATION” UPON THE RELEASE OF THE “COMMUNICATION RIGHT REGULATION”......Page 34 The Extensive Internet Torts and Application of Law......Page 35 Determination of Infringement and Relevant Factors......Page 36 Liability of Internet Search Engine Providers......Page 37 Issues Regarding Website Name......Page 38 CONCLUSION......Page 39 PART 2 – DIGITAL CONTENT POLICY AND THE NETWORKED INFORMATION ECONOMY......Page 41 INTRODUCTION......Page 43 Digital Content Products......Page 44 Digital Content Industry as a part of a National Informationisation Strategy......Page 46 CHALLENGES OF LEGAL ORDER FOR THE DIGITAL CONTENT INDUSTRY......Page 47 Network communication......Page 48 Network communication of digital works challenges the copyright law......Page 49 Network medium......Page 50 Network challenges media regulations......Page 51 The Challenges of the convergence of networks to media regulation......Page 52 Copyright law......Page 53 Separated regulations on content and converged networks......Page 54 Regulations on the market subjects......Page 55 Implementation issues of regulations on network media......Page 56 Regulations on network content......Page 57 Regulations on network communication......Page 58 CONCLUSION......Page 59 INTRODUCTION......Page 60 THE BROADCASTING SERVICES ACT......Page 62 WHAT TYPES OF CONTENT ARE REGULATED?......Page 64 CO-REGULATION AND THE INTERNET INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION CODES OF PRACTICE......Page 66 THE 2005 AMENDMENTS TO THE IIA CODES: ADDRESSING MOBILITY AND CONVERGERNCE......Page 69 RECENT CHANGES TO THE LAW......Page 70 NEW DEVELOPMENTS......Page 71 CONCLUSION......Page 72 INTRODUCTION......Page 74 THE OVERARCHING LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK – THE BROADCASTING ACT......Page 75 Application to the Internet......Page 77 Private Communications......Page 78 The Class Licence Regime......Page 81 The Operation of a Class Licence......Page 84 Obligations of a Class Licensee......Page 87 FILMS, PORNOGRAPHY AND CENSORSHIP......Page 93 VIDEO GAMES......Page 100 ELECTIONS AND POLITICS......Page 101 RELIGIOUS ISSUES AND RACIAL SENTIMENTS......Page 109 COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT......Page 113 NON LEGAL MEANS OF REGULATION......Page 115 CONCLUSION......Page 116 INTRODUCTION......Page 119 COPYRIGHT PROTECTION ON THE WEB......Page 120 EMERGING ALTERNATIVES......Page 127 The Retail Subscription Model......Page 128 The Ad-supported Model......Page 131 The Voluntary Blanket Licensing Model......Page 133 CONCLUSION......Page 137 BACKGROUND......Page 138 PRC’s Legal Environment......Page 139 Internet Information Services: ICP Licence or ICP Filing?......Page 141 Online Advertising......Page 142 E-commerce......Page 143 MII’s New Policy on the Qualification of ICPs for Foreign Investors......Page 144 Regulation: Both Overlapping and Vacant......Page 145 CONCLUSION......Page 146 INTRODUCTION......Page 148 Information resources on the Internet......Page 149 Information service for public welfare......Page 150 Demand oriented, application based development mechanism......Page 151 Building fundamental databases and fortifying reserve of information......Page 152 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR INFORMATION EXPLOITATION......Page 153 Basic framework......Page 154 Administrative execution......Page 155 Technological measures......Page 156 Collective management and industry self-discipline......Page 157 Contracts for information free share......Page 158 CONCLUSION......Page 159 PART 3 – COPYRIGHT LAW, NEW MEDIA AND THE FUTURE......Page 161 COPYRIGHT 2010: THE FUTURE OF COPYRIGHT LAW......Page 163 THE SOCIAL NETWORK......Page 164 The Law......Page 167 The Context......Page 170 CONCLUSION......Page 172 INTRODUCTION......Page 174 THE BACKGROUND TO THE NETWORK COMMUNICATION RIGHT IN CHINA......Page 175 The right of network communication is a primary exclusive right in China......Page 179 The right of network communication is a new exclusive right in China......Page 180 The application of the right of network communication in China......Page 181 Background......Page 182 ISP’s liability of joint tortfeasor in China......Page 183 Universal Music Group v chinamp3.com......Page 185 Universal Music Group v Jining’s Window Information Ltd......Page 189 Push Sound Co v Baidu......Page 191 Push Sound Co v Fashionow 3838 See Beijing No. 2 Intermediary People’s Court, Civil Judgement (2005) Er Zhong Min Chu Zi No. 13739.......Page 193 Only the uploader communicates works to the public through the network......Page 194 CONCLUSION......Page 200 INTRODUCTION......Page 201 Viacom’s complaint......Page 202 A ‘volitional act’......Page 204 The ‘red flag’ provision......Page 206 The ‘financial benefit’ provision......Page 207 COPYRIGHT ISSUES FOR OTHER USER GENERATED INTERMEDIARIES......Page 209 Authorisation of copyright infringement......Page 210 Safe harbour provisions......Page 212 CONCLUSION......Page 213 HISTORY OF COPYRIGHT LAW AND ITS EXPANSION IN INDONESIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE......Page 215 INTERNET TRADE, DIGITAL WORKS AND PARALLEL IMPORTS......Page 219 COLLECTIVE EXERCISE OF COPYRIGHT......Page 224 THE LAW ON ANTI-CIRCUMVENTION AND DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT......Page 225 COPYRIGHT CONTRACTS AND PUBLIC POLICY......Page 228 CONTRIBUTORY AND VICARIOUS LIABILITY FOR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT......Page 229 COPYRIGHT LAW IN THE INDONESIAN COURTS......Page 230 CONCLUSION......Page 231 I DON’T WANT TO SAY I’M A CHICKEN......Page 232 When the World was Being Digital......Page 233 Now, the Networked World is Being Human......Page 236 FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTICIPATORY MEDIA......Page 240 From Creative Expression to Communication......Page 241 Peer Production, Non-market Based Innovation and the New Creativity Model......Page 242 Sharing Culture and Non-Commercial Culture......Page 243 From Consumers to Users: Situated Users and How Information is Being Used......Page 245 Non-commercial sector supplements and supports commercial sector......Page 246 Moral Concerns and Notions on Copyright in China, and the Participatory Creativity......Page 247 Economic Rights and Participatory Creativity......Page 251 Copyright Limitations, Users’ Rights and Participatory Creativity......Page 254 User Sharing Permission......Page 260 Sharing under Current Copyright Law......Page 261 Toward a Sharing-friendly Copyright Regime......Page 262 User Creation Permission: Conductive Use of Copyrighted Works......Page 263 The ‘Fair Use’ Scheme......Page 264 Voluntary Licensing Scheme......Page 266 User Creation Protection: Copyright Protection for User-Generated Content (UGC)......Page 268 UGC as Contribution to the Intellectual Commons......Page 269 Conductive Works as Derivative Works/Adaptations......Page 270 A Brand New Scheme: Ultimate Solution?......Page 271 CONCLUSION......Page 273 AN INTRODUCTION TO CREATIVE COMMONS......Page 275 SIGNIFICANCE OF CC LICENSES TO THE CHINESE SOCIETY......Page 277 INTEGRATING CC WITH NEW MEDIA......Page 281 CREATIVE COMMONS SUPPORTS THE DIGITAL CONTENT INDUSTRY: A SUBSTITUTE COMMERCIAL MODEL EMERGES......Page 284 INTRODUCTION......Page 287 CRIMINALIZING PRIMARY COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT......Page 288 COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN CYBERSPACE – WHO ARE THE REAL CULPRITS?......Page 290 Techie and Macromedia Flash......Page 292 JJ – the Gateway to Hollywood......Page 293 Digital Philanthropist......Page 294 Chatty and the ICQ Craze......Page 296 Download Junky Touch-me-not......Page 297 CONCLUSION......Page 299 INTRODUCTION......Page 302 AN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CHAPTER SPECIFIC TO THE AUSTRALIA-CHINA RELATIONSHIP......Page 303 THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CHAPTER NEEDS TO RESPOND TO TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE......Page 304 IMPORTANCE OF HIGH STANDARDS OF PROTECTION AND ENFORCEMENT......Page 305 THE IP CHAPTER PROVIDES AN OPPORTUNITY TO SHOWCASE SOME OF THE POSITIVE DEVELOPMENTS IN CHINA’S IP REGIME.......Page 306 CHAPTER PROVIDES A BASIS FOR CLOSER COOPERATION AND ON-GOING ENGAGEMENT......Page 307 CONCLUSION......Page 308 CURRENT ANTI-CIRCUMVENTION PROVISIONS......Page 310 2007 AMENDMENTS......Page 313 2007 AMENDMENTS ON CIRCUMVENTION PROVISIONS......Page 314 THE ROAD AHEAD......Page 316 LEGISLATION......Page 318 ENFORCEMENT......Page 319 CONCLUSION......Page 323 THE TECHNOLOGY......Page 324 THE MAGISTRATES’ DECISION......Page 325 PREJUDICE......Page 326 THE COURT OF APPEAL DECISON......Page 329 THE COURT OF FINAL APPEAL DECISION......Page 330 COPY......Page 331 DISTRIBUTION......Page 332 COMMENTARY......Page 335 CONCLUSION......Page 336 What is jurisdiction?......Page 337 Personal and Subject Matter Jurisdiction......Page 338 Choice of Law......Page 339 Choice of Forum......Page 340 Copyright......Page 341 Domain Names......Page 343 Trademarks......Page 344 Shewai Cases (Cases Involving Foreign Elements)......Page 346 The United States......Page 349 Dow Jones & Company Inc v Gutnick 7070 See generally Brian Fitzgerald ‘Dow Jones & Co Inc v Gutnick: Negotiating “American Legal Hegemony” in the Transnational World of Cyberspace.’ (2003) 21 Melbourne University Law Review, at 21 January 2008.......Page 352 Strategies......Page 356 CONCLUSION......Page 357 Peter Coroneos......Page 359 John Howkins......Page 360 Assistant Professor Saw Cheng Lim......Page 361 Eric Priest......Page 362 Sampsung Xiaoxiang Shi......Page 363 Chao Xu......Page 364 Associate Professor Xiao-Li Zhi......Page 365 Professor Yee Fen Lim......Page 366 INDEX......Page 367