The Cambridge History Of Russia

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Cover Page About the Book Title: THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF RUSSIA, Volume III - The Twentieth Century Contents (with page links) part i RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION: THE STORY THROUGH TIME part ii RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION: THEMES AND TRENDS Illustrations Maps Notes on contributors Acknowledgements Note on transliteration and dates Chronology Abbreviations Introduction 1 Reading Russia and the Soviet Union in the twentieth century: how the ‘West’ wrote its history of the USSR The prehistory of Soviet history Seeing the future work The ColdWar and professional sovietology The totalitarian model The modernisation paradigm Alternatives From political science to social history The first revisionism: 1917 The fate of labour history: from social to cultural The study of Stalinism: the next revisionism From above to below, from centre to periphery Soviet studies in the post-Soviet world RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION: THE STORY THROUGH TIME 2 Russia’s fin de si`ecle, 1900–1914 History as event The political ideology of autocracy Intellectuals and ideologies of dissent In the public sphere Sacred stories Proletarians In the countryside Nation and empire Fin de si`ecle 3 The First World War, 1914–1918 The outbreak of war Military campaigns: 1914–16 The martial law regime and its consequences The nationalisation of the empire The politics of war Revolution and the transformation of war 1918, the final year of war: occupation and intervention 4 The Revolutions of 1917–1918 The aspirations of the masses The politics of war, March to July 1917 The peasant revolution Political polarisation The Bolshevik seizure of power The establishment of Bolshevik dictatorship 5 The Russian civil war, 1917–1922 Overview The Bolshevik party-state Revolution and culture War Communism and Russia’s peasant majority Workers against Bolsheviks Conclusion 6 Building a new state and society: NEP, 1921–1928 7 Stalinism, 1928–1940 Industrialisation, collectivisation and class war The domestic and international contexts Social dynamics and population movements Consolidating Stalin’s revolution: the victory of socialism and the retreat to conservatism Culture and morality in the service of socialism Nationality under Stalin Mass repression, police and the militarised state Conclusion 8 Patriotic War, 1941–1945 The road to war The eastern front On the edge of collapse Unexpected resilience The Red Army in defeat and victory Government and politics 9 Stalin and his circle Rise of the Stalinist faction From oligarchy to dictatorship War years Post-war dictatorship Last years Conclusion 10 The Khrushchev period, 1953–1964 Personality and history Biography Succession struggle Reforming agriculture Industry and housing Culture The Soviet bloc East–West relations Endgame Overthrow Legacy 11 The Brezhnev era The rejection of Khrushchevism Brezhnev’s social contract The rise and decline of d´etente Brezhnevism in decline, 1976–82 12 The Gorbachev era Launching political reform The new freedoms From political reform to systemic transformation The failure of economic reform Ending the ColdWar From pseudo-federation to disintegration 13 The Russian Federation Dissolving the Soviet Union The new political system Launching economic transformation The consequences of Yeltsin’s reform sequence and strategy October 1993 Chechnya Founding elections: 1993–6 The August 1998 financial crisis Renewed political polarisation Invading Chechnya again The end of Yeltsin’s Russia and the beginning of Putin’s Russia Conclusion RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION: THEMES AND TRENDS 14 Economic and demographic change: Russia’s age of economic extremes Great leaps forward (i): late tsarist industrialisation The radical privatisation impulse (i): pre-1917 experiments with land reform The reform impulse in Russian economic history (i): New Economic Policy Great leaps forward (ii): the Five-Year Plans and collectivisation Great leaps forward (iii) The reform impulse in Russian economic history (ii): perestroika The radical privatisation impulse (ii): post-1991 experiments and consequences Conclusions and assessment 15 Transforming peasants in the twentieth century: Dilemmas of Russian, Soviet and post-Soviet development Labour, communes, households Breaking the peasant commune (i): Stolypin’s ‘wager on the strong’ War and revolution, 1914–17 War Communism, 1918–20 NEP, 1921–8 Breaking the peasant communes (ii): forced collectivisation and the liquidation of the kulaks as a class The SecondWorldWar and its aftermath Post-Stalin: the question of reform The Brezhnev era: stagnation, or deepening contradiction? Perestroika and the further transformation of Russian rural life Post-Soviet rural life: prospects and dilemmas 16 Workers and industrialisation Peasants into workers Labour discipline and productivity Enterprise paternalism The end of the Soviet working class 17 Women and the state On the eve War and revolution The Bolsheviks seize power Revolution comes to the countryside A great retreat? The SecondWorldWar and its aftermath De-Stalinising the ‘woman question’ Gorbachev and after 18 Non-Russians in the Soviet Union and after 19 The western republics: Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova and the Baltics Nation-building in the age of revolution States and nations in the era of mass politics Between Eastern Europe and the Russian core 20 Science, technology and modernity Before the revolution (1901–17) The Bolshevik revolution and its aftermath, 1917–29 The great break and the emergence of Stalinist science, 1929–41 The SecondWorldWar and the post-war years, 1941–53 De-Stalinisation and science 1953–68 Disenchantment, 1968–91 Science in post-Soviet Russia, 1991–2000 Conclusion 21 Culture, 1900–1945 Conclusion 22 The politics of culture, 1945–2000 Paralysis, 1945–53 The Thaw, 1953–67(?) Stagnation, 1967–85 Glasnost’ and the post-Soviet decade, 1985–2000 In lieu of a conclusion 23 Comintern and Soviet foreign policy, 1919–1941 The October Revolution Standing alone The awakening of the East Revolutionary phrase versus cautious pragmatism Fear of France eclipses the real danger Salvation too late The Popular Front against Fascism The anti-Japanese front The Popular Front collapses, 1939 24 Moscow’s foreign policy, 1945–2000: identities, institutions and interests Post-war ambiguity, 1945–7 Stalinism’s two camps at home and abroad, 1947–53 Difference at home: allies abroad, 1953–6 Cold peace at home: cold war abroad, 1957–85 Social Democracy at home: normal Great Power abroad, 1985–91 Between Europe and the United States, 1992–2000 Conclusion 25 The Soviet Union and the road to communism Marxism and the class narrative Revolutionary Social Democracy: ‘The merger of socialism and the worker movement’ Russian Social Democracy The class narrative in a time of troubles ‘Who-whom’ and the transformation of the countryside From path to treadmill: the next sixty years Bibliography Index (with page links) A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y Z Plates