Basic and Applied Zooplankton Biology

Description

The coastal and ocean ecosystem is a significant feature of our planet and provides a source of food for much of life on Earth. Millions of species have been, and are still being discovered in the world’s oceans. Among these zooplankton serve as secondary producers and are significant as they form pelagic food links and act as indicators of water masses. They constitute the largest and most reliable source of protein for most of the ocean’s fishes. As such, their absence or depletion often affects fishery. In many countries, the decline in fishery has been attributed to reduced plankton populations. Furthermore, trillions of tiny copepods produce countless faecal pellets contributing greatly to the marine snow and therefore accelerating the flow of nutrients and minerals from the surface waters to the seabed. They are phylogenetically highly successful groups in terms of phylogenetic age, number of living species and success of adaptive radiation. A study of the basic and applied aspects of zooplankton would provide an index of the fishery potential and applications, offering insights into ocean ecology to safeguard food supplies and livelihoods of the millions of people living in coastal areas. For this reason, we need to understand all the facets of zooplankton as well as their interactions with atmosphere and other life forms, including human. In this context, this book discusses the basic and applied aspects of zooplankton, especially taxonomy, mosquitocidal activity, culture, analysis of nutritional, pigments and enzyme profile, preservation of copepods eggs, bioenrichment of zooplankton and application of zooplankton in sustainable aquaculture production, focusing on novel biofloc-copefloc technologies, and the impact of acidification and microplastics on zooplankton. Offering a comprehensive overview of the current issues and developments in the field of environmental and commercial applications, this book is a valuable resource for researchers, aquaculturists, environmental mangers wanting to understand the importance of zooplankton and develop technologies for the sustainable production of fish and other commodities to provide food and livelihoods for mankind. Front Matter ....Pages i-x A Method of Collection, Preservation and Identification of Marine Zooplankton (P. Santhanam, P. Pachiappan, A. Begum)....Pages 1-44 Seasonal Composition and Diversity of Zooplankton from Muthupet Mangrove Wetland Ecosystem, Southeast Coast of India (P. Santhanam, N. Jeyaraj, J. Sivakumar, K. Jothiraj, S. Dinesh Kumar, S. Ananth)....Pages 45-86 DNA Barcoding of Copepods (C. Rajthilak, P. Santhanam, P. Pachiappan, T. Veeramani, S. Ravikumar)....Pages 87-125 A Method of Bio-efficacy Potential of Zooplankton (Copepod) for the Control of Vector Mosquitoes (S. Balakrishnan, P. Santhanam, N. Manickam, M. Srinivasan)....Pages 127-137 Techniques in the Collection, Preservation and Morphological Identification of Freshwater Zooplankton (N. Manickam, P. Santhanam, P. Saravana Bhavan)....Pages 139-195 A Technique on the Culture and Preservation of Marine Copepod Eggs (M. Kaviyarasan, P. Santhanam)....Pages 197-208 Introduction to Artemia Culture (T. Veeramani, P. Santhanam, N. Manickam, C. Rajthilak)....Pages 209-224 Optimisation of the Culture Conditions of Nannocalanus minor (Copepoda: Calanoida) (K. Jothiraj, P. Santhanam)....Pages 225-246 A Method of Estimation of Enzymatic Activity of Copepods (T. Jayalakshmi, P. Santhanam)....Pages 247-256 A Study on Assessing the Feeding, Survival, Fecundity, and Postembryonic Development of Zooplankton Nitocra affinis (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) (R. Nandakumar, P. Santhanam)....Pages 257-276 Evaluation of the Suitability of Marine Copepods as an Alternative Live Feed in High-Health Fish Larval Production (P. Santhanam, N. Jeyaraj, K. Jothiraj, S. Ananth, S. Dinesh Kumar, P. Pachiappan)....Pages 277-292 Assessing the Efficacy of Marine Copepods as an Alternative First Feed for Larval Production of Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon (P. Santhanam, N. Jeyaraj, K. Jothiraj, S. Ananth, S. Dinesh Kumar, P. Pachiappan)....Pages 293-303 Biofloc-Copefloc: A Novel Technology for Sustainable Shrimp Farming (P. Santhanam, S. Ananth, S. Dinesh Kumar, P. Pachiappan)....Pages 305-314 Methodologies for the Bioenrichment of Plankton (N. Manickam, P. Santhanam, S. Balakrishnan, T. Muralisankar, T. Veeramani, A. Shenbaga Devi et al.)....Pages 315-328 Intensive Culture, Biochemical Composition Analysis, and Use of Zooplankton Tisbe sp. (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) as an Alternative Live Feed for Shrimp Larviculture (S. Ananth, P. Santhanam)....Pages 329-362 A Method of Analysis of Pigments in Copepods (M. Kaviyarasan, S. Ananth, P. Santhanam, P. Pachiappan)....Pages 363-365 An Intensive Culture Techniques of Marine Copepod Oithona rigida (Dioithona rigida) Giesbrecht (P. Santhanam, S. Ananth, S. Dinesh Kumar, R. Sasirekha, C. Premkumar, S. Jeyanthi et al.)....Pages 367-394 A Microcosm Study on the Impact of Acidification on Feeding, Survival, Nauplii Production Rate, Post-embryonic Development and Nutritional Composition of Marine Copepod (T. Jayalakshmi, P. Santhanam)....Pages 395-428 The Impact of Microplastics on Marine Copepods (P. Raju, S. Gunabal, P. Santhanam)....Pages 429-442