Jurisprudence of the PCIJ and of the ICJ on Interim Measures of Protection

Description

This book deals with all the cases that came before the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) from 1922 to 1946, as well as those that were heard by its successor, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) from 1946 to 2020 in which interim measures of protection were either indicated or refused.  The monograph shows how cases in which injunctive relief was sought were handled and how the PCIJ and the ICJ have undergone certain reforms over the years. The new approach taken by the author is to present all the matters brought before both the PCIJ and ICJ in full and to present the new requirements on the part of the ICJ that have been formulated in recent years.  The book is aimed at law students, lecturers and those working in the field of international law. Ewa Sałkiewicz-Munnerlyn was a Polish diplomat working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1991 to 2018. She was appointed charge d’affaires at the Polish Embassy to the Holy See from 1993-1994, after which she served as the Polish consul at the Consular Division of the Polish Embassy in Washington D.C. from 1995-1999. She then held the position of Human Rights Officer of the OSCE in Macedonia (Skopje and Ohrid) and Bosnia and Hercegovina (Pale in Republika Srbska) from 2001-2005 and has also several times worked as a short-term observer of the OSCE during parliamentary and presidential elections in Ukraine, Russia, Moldova and Belarus. She attained a Ph.D. at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland and a post-graduate diploma at the Institut des Hautes Etudes Internationales in Geneva, Switzerland.  Preface Contents Abbreviations 1 Provisional Measures of Protection in the Jurisprudence of International Courts—Historical Outline 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Mixed Arbitration Tribunals 1.3 Court of Justice for Central America 1.4 The Permanent Court of International Justice 1.4.1 The International Court of Justice 1.5 Conclusions References 2 Objectives of Provisional Measures 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Protection of the Parties’ Rights Pendente Lite 2.3 Avoiding an Aggravation of the Dispute 2.4 Conclusions References 3 Prima Facie Competence 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Elements of Prima Facie Competence 3.2.1 The Basis of Competence 3.2.2 Legal Interest to be Involved in the Dispute 3.3 Main Competence and Incidental Competence 3.3.1 Definitions of These Notions 3.3.2 Position of Doctrine 3.4 Conclusions References 4 Urgency 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Rules of Procedure of the International Court of Justice 4.3 The ICJ Practice 4.4 Conclusions Reference 5 Irreparable Damage 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Position of Doctrine 5.3 The Jurisprudence of the PCIJ and the ICJ 5.4 Conclusions References 6 Plausibility Test as a Requirement for the Indication of the Interim Measures 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Jurisprudence of the ICJ 6.3 The Position of Doctrine 6.4 Conclusions References 7 Link Between the Application for the Interim Measures and the Subject-Matter of the Dispute in the Main Proceedings 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Rules of Procedure of the International Court of Justice 7.3 The Practice of the PCIJ and the ICJ 7.4 Conclusions Reference 8 Procedure for the Indication of the Provisional Measures 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Party Requesting the Indication of the Interim Measures of Protection 8.3 Time Limit for Lodging an Application 8.4 Actio Popularis and the Order of Interim Measures of Protection 8.5 Cooperation or Separation of Functions Between the International Court of Justice and the UN Security Council? 8.6 Ad Hoc Judges in Advisory Proceedings and in the Indication of Provisional Measures of Protection and the Validity of Advisory Opinions and Provisional Measures 8.7 Conclusions References 9 Problem of the Validity of the Interim Measures of Protection 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Controversy over the Validity of the Interim Measures of Protection? 9.2.1 Drafting and Interpretation of Article 41 of the ICJ Statute 9.2.2 The Position of the States Regarding the Binding Force of the Interim Measures of Protection 9.2.3 Practice of the International Court of Justice 9.2.4 The Position of Doctrine 9.3 Implementation of Interim Measures 9.3.1 Unilateral Action by States 9.3.2 The UN Security Council 9.3.3 The International Court of Justice 9.3.4 National Courts 9.3.5 Proposals to Improve Compliance with Interim Measures 9.4 Conclusions References 10 Case Concerning the Arbitration Award of 31 July 1989, (Guinea-Bissau v. Senegal), Order of 2 March 1990 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Facts and Position of the International Court of Justice 10.3 Similarities and Differences with the Court’s Practice in Previous Cases Concerning the Indication of Interim Measures 10.4 Conclusions 11 Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (The Gambia v. Myanmar), Order of 23 January 2020 11.1 Introduction 11.2 History of the Proceedings 11.3 Conditions for the Indication of Provisional Measures 11.3.1 Irreparable Prejudice and Urgency 11.3.2 Prima Facie Jurisdiction 11.3.3 Sufficient Link Between the Rights Whose Protection Is Sought and the Subject-Matter of the Case in Relation to Which the Request for Protection Is Made 11.3.4 Plausibility of Rights 11.3.5 Non-aggravation of the Dispute 11.4 The Problem of the Binding Force 11.5 Jus Cogens Under the Convention Against Genocide and the Corresponding Customary International Law 11.6 Conclusions References 12 Final Conclusions 12.1 Introduction 12.2 The Nature and Scope of Interim Measures 12.3 The Question of the Jurisdiction of the Court 12.4 Conclusions References Bibliography Books and Articles III. Other Documents Table of Cases and Treaties I. Orders of the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of International Justice A. International Court of Justice B. Permanent Court of International Justice Index