The First Crusade: The Chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and Other Source Materials

Description

The First Crusade received its name and shape late. To its contemporaries, the event was a journey and the men who took part in it pilgrims. Only later were those participants dubbed Crusaders — "those signed with the Cross." In fact, many developments with regard to the First Crusade, like the bestowing of the cross and the elaboration of Crusaders' privileges, did not occur until the late twelfth century, almost one hundred years after the event itself. In a greatly expanded second edition, Edward Peters brings together the primary texts that document eleventh-century reform ecclesiology, the appearance of new social groups and their attitudes, the institutional and literary evidence dealing with Holy War and pilgrimage, and, most important, the firsthand experiences by men who participated in the events of 1095-1099. Peters supplements his previous work by including a considerable number of texts not available at the time of the original publication. The new material, which constitutes nearly one-third of the book, consists chiefly of materials from non-Christian sources, especially translations of documents written in Hebrew and Arabic. In addition, Peters has extensively revised and expanded the Introduction to address the most important issues of recent scholarship. Preface Abbreviations Introduction I. Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont, November 27, 1095 1. The Speech of Urban: The "Gesta" Version 2. The Speech of Urban: The Version of Robert of Rheims 3. The Speech of Urban: The Version of Baldric of Dol 4. The Speech of Urban: The Version of Guibert of Nogent 5. The Privilege of Urban to the Pilgrims 6. The Truce of God Proclaimed in the Diocese of Cologne 7. The Truce of God Proclaimed at the Council of Clermont 8. Urban's Letter to the Faithful in Flanders 9. Urban in Anjou, Lent, 1096: The Chronicle of Fulk le Réchin 10. Urban's Letter to His Supporters in Bologna 11. Urban's Letter to the Monks of Vallombrosa 12. Urban's Letter to the Counts of Besalu, Empurias, Rousillon, and Cerdana and Their Followers II. The Chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres, Book I (1095-1100) / Translated, with notes, by Martha E. McGinty III. Peter the Hermit and the "Crusade of the People" (March-October, 1096) 1. Peter the Hermit: The Version of Guibert of Nogent 2. Peter the Hermit: The Version of Albert of Aachen 3. Peter the Hermit: The Version of William of Tyre 4. The Slaughter of the Jews: The Version of Albert of Aachen 5. The Slaughter of the Jews: The Version of Ekkehard of Aura 6. "Gezerot Tatnu" 4856: The Version of the Anonymous of Mainz 7. "Gezerot Tatnu" 4856: The Version of Solomon ben Simson 8. Folcmar and Gottschalk in Hungary: The Version of Albert of Aachen 9. Folcmar and Gottschak in Hungary: The Version of Ekkehard of Aura 10. The Crusaders in Hungary: The Version of Solomon ben Simson 11. The End of the "Crusade of the People": The Version of Anna Comnena 12. The End of the "Crusade of the People": The "Gesta" Version 13. The End of the "Crusade of the People": The Version of Albert of Aachen 14. The Byzantines Save Peter the Hermit: The Version of Anna Comnena IV. The Journey to Constantinople (August, 1096 - May, 1097) 1. The "Gesta" Version 2. The Deserters: The Version of Albert of Aachen 3. Bohemund: The "Gesta" Version 4. Raymond of Toulouse and Ademar of Le Puy: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers V. The Crusaders at Constantinople (October, 1096 - May, 1097) 1. Hugh of Vermandois: The Version of Anna Comnena 2. Godfrey of Bouillon: The "Gesta" Version 3. Godfrey of Bouillon: The Version of Albert of Aachen 4. Godfrey of Bouillon: The Version of Anna Comnena 5. The Byzantines: The Version of Peter Tudebode 6. Bohemund: The "Gesta" Version 7. Bohemund: The Version of Anna Comnena 8. Raymond of Toulouse and Ademar of Le Puy: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 9. Raymond of Toulouse: The "Gesta" Version 10. Raymond of Toulouse: The Version of Anna Comnena VI. The Siege and Capture of Nicaea (May-June, 1097) 1. The "Gesta" Version 2. The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 3. The Version of Anna Comnena 4. The Letter of Emperor Alexius I to the Abbot of Monte Cassino VII. The Siege and Capture of Antioch, Kerbogha's Attack, and the Discovery of the Holy Lance (October, 1097 - July, 1098) 1. Nicaea to Antioch: The Version of Peter Tudebode 2. The "Gesta" Version 3. The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 4. The Suffering of the Crusaders: The "Gesta" Version 5. The Suffering of the Crusaders: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 6. The Suffering of the Crusaders: The Version of Peter Tudebode 7. The Fall of Antioch: The "Gesta" Version 8. The Fall of Antioch: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 9. Kerbogha's Attack: The "Gesta" Version 10. Kerbogha's Attack: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 11. The Discovery of the Holy Lance: The "Gesta" Version 12. The Discovery of the Holy Lance: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 13. The Defeat of Kerbogha: The "Gesta" Version 14. The Defeat of Kerbogha: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 15. The Firanj Seize Antioch: The Version of Ibn al-Athir 16. The Firanj Seize Antioch: The Version of Ibn al-Qalanisi 17. Kerbogha's Attack: The Version of Ibn al-Athir 18. Kerbogha's Attack: The Version of Ibn al-Qalanisi 19. The Firanj Take Ma'arrat an-Nu'man: The Version of Ibn al-Athir 20. The Firanj Take Ma'arrat an-Nu'man: The Version of Ibn al-Qalanisi VIII. The Siege and Capture of Jerusalem (June-July, 1099) 1. The March to Jerusalem: The "Gesta" Version 2. The March to Jerusalem: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 3. The Fall of Jerusalem: The Version of Peter Tudebode 4. The Fall of Jerusalem: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 5. The Fall of Jerusalem: The "Gesta" Version 6. The Frankish Triumph: The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 7. "The Vision of Peace": The "Gesta" Version 8. "The Vision of Peace": The Version of Raymond d'Aguilers 9. "May God Restore It Forever": The Geniza Letters 10. The Firanj Conquer Jerusalem: The Version of Ibn al-Athir 11. The Firanj Conquer Jerusalem: The Version of Ibn al-Qalanisi 12. Ascalon and Its Aftermath: The Version of Ibn al-Qalanisi 13. Ascalon and Its Aftermath: The Version of Peter Tudebode 14. The Latins in the Levant: From the Chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres, Book III IX. Letters of the Crusaders 1. The Patriarch of Jerusalem to the Church in the West (Antioch, January 1098) 2. Anselm of kbemont to Manasses II, Archbishop of Rheims (Antioch, February 10,1098) 3. Stephen, Count of Blois and Chartres, to His Wife, Adele (Antioch, March 29, 1098) 4. Anselm of Ribemont to Manasses II, Archbishop of Rheims (Antioch, July 1098) 5. The People of Lucca on Crusade to All Faithful Christians (Antioch, October 1098) 6. Godfrey of Bouillon, Raymond of St. Gilles, and Daimbert to Pope Paschal II (Laodicea, September 1099) 7. Manasses II, Archbishop of Rheims, to Larnbert, Bishop of Arras (1099) 8. Pope Paschal II to the Clergy in Gaul (1099) X. Three Problematic Texts 1. The "Encyclical" of "Sergius IV" / Translated by Thomas G. Waldman 2. "La Chanson d'Antioche" 3. "Nomen a solemnibus" Bibliographlcal Essay