Handbook on Microgrids for Power Quality and Connectivity

Description

This handbook serves as a guide to evaluate the feasibility of microgrid systems. It also provides information on microgrids for urban and industrial applications, considering current technological pathways and power system structures. Microgrids are poised to play a big role in the electricity ecosystem of the future-with decarbonization, digitalization, decentralization, and non-wires solutions being key attributes. The handbook will assist those working in the energy sector to evaluate a microgrid systems potential to enhance power supply quality and connectivity. It will also contribute to a better understanding about on-grid microgrids in urban and industrial settings, prevailing business models, and emerging trends that could shape the future of this sector. Cover Title Copyright Contents Tables, Figures, and Boxes Foreword Acknowledgments Abbreviations Executive Summary 1 Microgrid Technologies 1.1 Overview 1.2 Applications and Configurations 1.3 Benefits and Barriers 1.3.1 General Benefits 1.3.2 Drivers by Application Type 1.3.3 Barriers 1.3.4 Relevance of Grid-Connected Microgrids to Developing Countries 1.4 Components of a Microgrid 1.4.1 Local Generation 1.4.2 End-Use Loads and Demand-Side Energy Management 1.4.3 Storage 1.4.4 Microgrid Monitoring and Control System 1.4.5 Utility Interconnection 1.4.6 Other Components 1.5 Microgrid Types by Design Architecture 1.5.1 Categorized by Type of Microgrid Control Approach – Centralized vs. Decentralized 1.5.2 Categorized by Type of Power Technology – Alternating Current vs. Direct Current vs. Hybrid 1.6 Design of a Microgrid 1.6.1 Phases in the Implementation of Microgrid Projects 1.6.2 Design Parameters 1.6.3 Design Software 1.6.4 Product Selection 1.6.5 Capital Costs 1.7 Microgrid Operations and Maintenance 1.7.1 Transition Between Grid-Connected and Islanded Modes 1.7.2 Maintaining Microgrid System Stability and Synchronous Operation 1.7.3 Faults 1.7.4 Operational Costs 1.7.5 Maintenance 2 Business Models and Financial Analysis 2.1 Business Model for Grid-Connected Microgrids (Including Technology, Financing, Stakeholders) 2.2 Business Model Evaluation and Selection 2.3 Financial Analysis 2.3.1 Financial Analysis Methodology for Up-Front Capital Investment Model and Renewable Energy Service Company 2.3.2 Inputs for Financial Analysis Model for Up-Front Capital Investment Model 2.3.3 Inputs for Financial Analysis Model for Renewable Energy Service Company Model 2.4 Economic or Cost–Benefit Analysis 2.5 Microgrid Policies and Regulations in Asia 3 Future Development 3.1 Role of Microgrids in the Electricity Ecosystem of the Future 3.1.1 Decarbonization, Digitalization, Decentralization, and Non-Wires Solutions 3.1.2 The Flip Side: A Case for Continued Addition of Transmission Capacity 3.1.3 Microgrids: Key Relevance to the Transportation Sector 3.1.4 Relevance of Microgrids to the Current Power System Situation in ADB Developing Member Countries 3.1.5 Approaches to Promote Grid-Connected Microgrids and Replicate Pilots 3.2 Interconnected Microgrids 3.3 Areas for Additional Technical Research 3.4 Transactive Energy 3.4.1 Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading 3.4.2 Blockchain Technologies 3.5 Internet of Things, Data Analytics, and Artificial Intelligence Appendixes 1 Main Technologies of Renewable Distributed Generators 2 Main Technologies of Nonrenewable Distributed Generators 3 Main Technologies of Storage Systems Used in Microgrids 4 Standards for Alternating Current and Direct Current Microgrids 5 Alternating Current and Direct Current Microgrid Control Strategies 6 Transactive Energy Case Studies Summary 7 Blockchain Smart Contracts 8 Blockchain Microgrid Use Case 9 Bottom-Up Decision-Making Process on Using Blockchain 10 Business Models – Detailed Description References