Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present

Description

Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present is an authoritative and up-to-date survey of the entire history of skepticism. Divided chronologically into ancient, medieval, renaissance, modern, and contemporary periods, and featuring 50 specially-commissioned chapters from leading philosophers, this comprehensive volume is the first of its kind. By exploring each of the distinct traditions and providing expert insights, this extensive reference work: - covers major thinkers such as Sextus Empiricus, Cicero, Descartes, Hume, Spinoza, and Wittgenstein. - acknowledges the influence of ancient skeptical traditions on later philosophy and explains why it is still a fertile topic of inquiry among today's philosophers and historians of philosophy. - analyzes various forms of skepticism including Pyrrhonian, Academic, religious, moral, and neo-Pyrrhonian. - addresses issues in contemporary epistemology and indicates new directions of study. Skepticism, a driving force in the history of philosophy, remains at the center of debates in ethics, philosophy of religion, epistemology, and the philosophy of mind. Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present is an essential point of reference for any student, researcher, or practitioner of philosophy, presenting a systematic and historical survey of this core philosophical topic. General Introduction by Baron Reed and Diego E. Machuca **PART I: ANCIENT SKEPTICISM** Introduction by Diego E. Machuca 1. The Cyrenaics and Skepticism by Richard Bett 2. Pyrrho and Timon by Casey Perin 3. Arcesilaus by Anna Maria Ioppolo 4. Carneades by Harald Thorsrud 5. Aenesidemus by Luca Castagnoli 6. Philo of Larissa by Harold Tarrant 7. Cicero by J. P. F. Wynne 8. Menodotus and Medical Empiricism by James Allen 9. Middle Platonism and Skepticism: Plutarch and Favorinus by Carlos Lévy 10. Sextus Empiricus by Tad Brennan and Cliff Roberts 11. Skepticism in Classical Indian Philosophy by Matthew R. Dasti **PART II: MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE SKEPTICISM** Introduction by Diego E. Machuca 12. Augustine and Skepticism by Stéphane Marchand 13. John of Salisbury’s Skepticism by David Bloch 14. Skepticism in Classical Islam: The Case of Ghazali by Paul L. Heck 15. Nicholas of Autrecourt and John Buridan on Skepticism by Christophe Grellard 16. Divine Deception by Henrik Lagerlund 17. Michel de Montaigne by Gianni Paganini 18. Pierre Charron by Gianni Paganini 19. Francisco Sanchez: A Renaissance Pyrrhonist against Aristotelian Dogmatism by Damian Caluori **PART III: MODERN SKEPTICISM** Introduction by Baron Reed 20. François de La Mothe Le Vayer by Sylvia Giocanti 21. Gassendi on Skepticism by Antonia LoLordo 22. Descartes and the Force of Skepticism by David Cunning 23. Varieties of Modern Academic Skepticism: Pierre-Daniel Huet and Simon Foucher by Michael W. Hickson 24. Spinoza on Skepticism by Alison Peterman 25. Pierre Bayle by John Christian Laursen 26. Berkeley and Skepticism by Margaret Atherton 27. A Pyrrhonian Interpretation of Hume on Assent by Donald L. M. Baxter 28. Thomas Reid’s Engagement with Skeptics and Skepticism by Renévan Woudenberg 29. Johann Georg Hamann by Gwen Griffith-Dickson 30. Kant and External World Skepticism by Georges Dicker 31. Hegel: Philosophy as a Kind of Skepticism by Dietmar H. Heidemann 32. Friedrich Nietzsche by Andreas Urs Sommer 33. Russell’s Logical Construction of the External World by Peter J. Graham 34. Moore and Mooreanism by Annalisa Coliva 35. Wittgenstein and Skepticism: Illusory Doubts by Michael Williams 36. Richard Popkin on the History of Skepticism by José R. Maia Neto **PART IV: CONTEMPORARY SKEPTICISM** Introduction by Baron Reed 37. Regress Arguments and Skepticism by Richard Fumerton 38. The Problem of the Criterion by Andrew D. Cling 39. Neo-Pyrrhonism by Markus Lammenranta 40. Disagreement and Skepticism by Bryan Frances 41. Skepticism and the Internalism-Externalism Debate by Matthias Steup 42. Skepticism and Fallibilism by Stephen Hetherington 43. Skepticism and Contextualism by Michael Blome-Tillmann 44. External World Skepticism by Ram Neta 45. Disjunctivism and Skepticism by Duncan Pritchard and Chris Ranalli 46. Inductive Skepticism: A Functional Investigation by Ruth Weintraub 47. Skepticism about A Priori Knowledge by Otávio Bueno 48. Skepticism about Other Minds by Anil Gomes 49. Moral Skepticism by Richard Joyce 50. Religious Skepticism by J. L. Schellenberg